{"id":524,"date":"2020-05-01T21:16:48","date_gmt":"2020-05-01T21:16:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/adolescent\/?post_type=chapter&p=524"},"modified":"2021-06-17T15:30:23","modified_gmt":"2021-06-17T15:30:23","slug":"glossary-5","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/adolescent\/chapter\/glossary-5\/","title":{"raw":"Glossary","rendered":"Glossary"},"content":{"raw":"amygdala: <\/strong>part of the limbic system in the brain, which is involved with emotions and emotional responses and is particularly active during puberty\r\n\r\ndopamine: <\/strong>a neurotransmitter in the brain that plays a role in pleasure and the reward system; increases in the limbic system and later in the prefrontal cortex during adolescence\r\n\r\nfrontal lobes: <\/strong>the parts of the brain involved in impulse control, planning, and higher-order thinking; still developing in adolescence\r\n\r\nlimbic system: <\/strong>structures in the brain (including the amygdala) that involve processing emotional experience and social information and determining rewards and punishments; develops years before the prefrontal cortex\r\n\r\nmelatonin: <\/strong>sleep hormone whose levels rise later at night and decrease later in the morning for teens, compared to children and adults\r\n\r\nmyelination: <\/strong>insulation of neurons\u2019 axons with a fatty substance (myelin sheath) that helps speed up the processing of information; myelination starts to increase in the prefrontal cortex during adolescence\r\n\r\nprefrontal cortex: <\/strong>part of the frontal lobes, involved with decision making, cognitive control, and other higher-order functions; prefrontal cortex develops further during adolescence\r\n\r\nserotonin: <\/strong>\u201ccalming chemical,\u201d a neurotransmitter in the brain involved with the regulation of mood and behavior; serotonin levels increase in the limbic system during adolescence\r\n\r\nsynaptic pruning: <\/strong>connections in the brain that are not used much are lost so that other connections can be strengthened; this pruning happens with prefrontal cortex connections in adolescence\r\n\r\nmajor depression: <\/strong>feelings of hopelessness, lethargy, and worthlessness that last two weeks or more\r\n\r\nsuicide: <\/strong>the act of intentionally causing one\u2019s own death\r\n\r\nsuicidal ideation: <\/strong>thinking about suicide, usually with some serious emotional and intellectual or cognitive overtones","rendered":"

amygdala: <\/strong>part of the limbic system in the brain, which is involved with emotions and emotional responses and is particularly active during puberty<\/p>\n

dopamine: <\/strong>a neurotransmitter in the brain that plays a role in pleasure and the reward system; increases in the limbic system and later in the prefrontal cortex during adolescence<\/p>\n

frontal lobes: <\/strong>the parts of the brain involved in impulse control, planning, and higher-order thinking; still developing in adolescence<\/p>\n

limbic system: <\/strong>structures in the brain (including the amygdala) that involve processing emotional experience and social information and determining rewards and punishments; develops years before the prefrontal cortex<\/p>\n

melatonin: <\/strong>sleep hormone whose levels rise later at night and decrease later in the morning for teens, compared to children and adults<\/p>\n

myelination: <\/strong>insulation of neurons\u2019 axons with a fatty substance (myelin sheath) that helps speed up the processing of information; myelination starts to increase in the prefrontal cortex during adolescence<\/p>\n

prefrontal cortex: <\/strong>part of the frontal lobes, involved with decision making, cognitive control, and other higher-order functions; prefrontal cortex develops further during adolescence<\/p>\n

serotonin: <\/strong>\u201ccalming chemical,\u201d a neurotransmitter in the brain involved with the regulation of mood and behavior; serotonin levels increase in the limbic system during adolescence<\/p>\n

synaptic pruning: <\/strong>connections in the brain that are not used much are lost so that other connections can be strengthened; this pruning happens with prefrontal cortex connections in adolescence<\/p>\n

major depression: <\/strong>feelings of hopelessness, lethargy, and worthlessness that last two weeks or more<\/p>\n

suicide: <\/strong>the act of intentionally causing one\u2019s own death<\/p>\n

suicidal ideation: <\/strong>thinking about suicide, usually with some serious emotional and intellectual or cognitive overtones<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":185983,"menu_order":7,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"Brain Development during Adolescence","pb_subtitle":"Glossary","pb_authors":["narduinivanhoos"],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[57],"license":[],"class_list":["post-524","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","contributor-narduinivanhoos"],"part":446,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/adolescent\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/524","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/adolescent\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/adolescent\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/adolescent\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/185983"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/adolescent\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/524\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1431,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/adolescent\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/524\/revisions\/1431"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/adolescent\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/446"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/adolescent\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/524\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/adolescent\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=524"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/adolescent\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=524"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/adolescent\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=524"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/adolescent\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=524"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}