{"id":248,"date":"2022-06-16T18:07:13","date_gmt":"2022-06-16T18:07:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/alphamodule\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=248"},"modified":"2022-06-16T18:10:45","modified_gmt":"2022-06-16T18:10:45","slug":"sampling-bias-background-youll-need","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/alphamodule\/chapter\/sampling-bias-background-youll-need\/","title":{"raw":"Sampling Bias: Background You'll Need 1","rendered":"Sampling Bias: Background You&#8217;ll Need 1"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Learning goals<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Apply a statistical definition to the word\u00a0<em>random<\/em>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Distinguish between a sample and a population.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Distinguish between a statistic and a parameter.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\nIn the next preview assignment and in the next class, you will need to identify the difference between a sample and a population, as well as understand why a random sample is needed to make inferences about a population. Prepare for that in this corequisite support activity by exploring uses of the word\u00a0<em>random<\/em> and practicing using the terms sample and population, and statistic and parameter.\r\n<h3>The Word Random<\/h3>\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>Question 1<\/h3>\r\nChoose the best meaning for random in this sentence:\r\n\r\n\u201cSometimes I say random things to my friend.\u201d\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>a) Haphazard, weird, out of the ordinary<\/li>\r\n \t<li>b) Without order or pattern<\/li>\r\n \t<li>c) Without prior knowledge, criteria, or method<\/li>\r\n \t<li>d) By chance<\/li>\r\n \t<li>e) Without bias<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n[reveal-answer q=\"470260\"]Hint[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"470260\"]How do <em>you<\/em> use the word random conversationally?[\/hidden-answer]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>Question 2<\/h3>\r\nDiscuss the best meaning for random in the following sentence.\u00a0How is the meaning different than in Question 1?\r\n\r\n\u201cA group of participants was selected using a simple random sample for the survey.\u201d\r\n\r\n[reveal-answer q=\"137477\"]Hint[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"137477\"]What do <em>you<\/em> think? [\/hidden-answer]\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nThe use of the word random in everyday language might be like saying:\r\n\r\n\u201dI saw a random person with a cat on his head in New York.\u201d\r\n\r\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5738\/2022\/01\/12001937\/Picture74-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Black and white photo of a man standing on a sidewalk with a cat sitting on his head.\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" \/>\r\n\r\nThe word random in statistics is used to describe things like objects pulled from a hat\u2014every object has an equal chance of being selected.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1092\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5738\/2022\/01\/12001942\/Picture75-300x203.jpg\" alt=\"An upside down top hat\" width=\"297\" height=\"201\" \/>\r\nLet's try to discern the uses of the word <em>random<\/em> one more time. This time, you come up with a sentence that uses\u00a0<em>random<\/em> in a non-statistical and a statistical way.\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>Question 3<\/h3>\r\n3) What is an everyday use of the word <em>random<\/em>? What image can you think of?\r\n\r\n[reveal-answer q=\"675506\"]Hint[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"675506\"]What do <em>you<\/em> think?[\/hidden-answer]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>question 4<\/h3>\r\n4) What is another way to think about the use of the word <em>random<\/em> in statistics? What image can you can think of?\r\n\r\n[reveal-answer q=\"836037\"]Hint[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"836037\"]What do <em>you<\/em> think?[\/hidden-answer]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning goals<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Apply a statistical definition to the word\u00a0<em>random<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>Distinguish between a sample and a population.<\/li>\n<li>Distinguish between a statistic and a parameter.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>In the next preview assignment and in the next class, you will need to identify the difference between a sample and a population, as well as understand why a random sample is needed to make inferences about a population. Prepare for that in this corequisite support activity by exploring uses of the word\u00a0<em>random<\/em> and practicing using the terms sample and population, and statistic and parameter.<\/p>\n<h3>The Word Random<\/h3>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Question 1<\/h3>\n<p>Choose the best meaning for random in this sentence:<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSometimes I say random things to my friend.\u201d<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>a) Haphazard, weird, out of the ordinary<\/li>\n<li>b) Without order or pattern<\/li>\n<li>c) Without prior knowledge, criteria, or method<\/li>\n<li>d) By chance<\/li>\n<li>e) Without bias<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"qa-wrapper\" style=\"display: block\"><span class=\"show-answer collapsed\" style=\"cursor: pointer\" data-target=\"q470260\">Hint<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"q470260\" class=\"hidden-answer\" style=\"display: none\">How do <em>you<\/em> use the word random conversationally?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Question 2<\/h3>\n<p>Discuss the best meaning for random in the following sentence.\u00a0How is the meaning different than in Question 1?<\/p>\n<p>\u201cA group of participants was selected using a simple random sample for the survey.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class=\"qa-wrapper\" style=\"display: block\"><span class=\"show-answer collapsed\" style=\"cursor: pointer\" data-target=\"q137477\">Hint<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"q137477\" class=\"hidden-answer\" style=\"display: none\">What do <em>you<\/em> think? <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>The use of the word random in everyday language might be like saying:<\/p>\n<p>\u201dI saw a random person with a cat on his head in New York.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5738\/2022\/01\/12001937\/Picture74-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Black and white photo of a man standing on a sidewalk with a cat sitting on his head.\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The word random in statistics is used to describe things like objects pulled from a hat\u2014every object has an equal chance of being selected.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1092\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5738\/2022\/01\/12001942\/Picture75-300x203.jpg\" alt=\"An upside down top hat\" width=\"297\" height=\"201\" \/><br \/>\nLet&#8217;s try to discern the uses of the word <em>random<\/em> one more time. This time, you come up with a sentence that uses\u00a0<em>random<\/em> in a non-statistical and a statistical way.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Question 3<\/h3>\n<p>3) What is an everyday use of the word <em>random<\/em>? What image can you think of?<\/p>\n<div class=\"qa-wrapper\" style=\"display: block\"><span class=\"show-answer collapsed\" style=\"cursor: pointer\" data-target=\"q675506\">Hint<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"q675506\" class=\"hidden-answer\" style=\"display: none\">What do <em>you<\/em> think?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>question 4<\/h3>\n<p>4) What is another way to think about the use of the word <em>random<\/em> in statistics? What image can you can think of?<\/p>\n<div class=\"qa-wrapper\" style=\"display: block\"><span class=\"show-answer collapsed\" style=\"cursor: pointer\" data-target=\"q836037\">Hint<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"q836037\" class=\"hidden-answer\" style=\"display: none\">What do <em>you<\/em> think?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17533,"menu_order":9,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-248","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":158,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/alphamodule\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/248","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/alphamodule\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/alphamodule\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/alphamodule\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17533"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/alphamodule\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/248\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":267,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/alphamodule\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/248\/revisions\/267"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/alphamodule\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/158"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/alphamodule\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/248\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/alphamodule\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=248"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/alphamodule\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=248"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/alphamodule\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=248"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/alphamodule\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=248"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}