{"id":284,"date":"2014-09-26T21:25:46","date_gmt":"2014-09-26T21:25:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.candelalearning.com\/lifespandevelopment1x1\/?post_type=chapter&p=284"},"modified":"2016-03-16T18:36:21","modified_gmt":"2016-03-16T18:36:21","slug":"introduction-to-lesson-6-middle-childhood","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/atd-herkimer-developmentalpsych\/chapter\/introduction-to-lesson-6-middle-childhood\/","title":{"raw":"Introduction to Middle Childhood","rendered":"Introduction to Middle Childhood"},"content":{"raw":"
\r\n

Learning Objectives<\/h3>\r\nObjectives:\u00a0At the end of this lesson, you will be able to\r\n
    \r\n\t
  1. Describe physical growth during middle childhood.<\/li>\r\n\t
  2. Prepare recommendations to avoid health risks in school-aged children.<\/li>\r\n\t
  3. Describe recognized examples of concrete operational intelligence.<\/li>\r\n\t
  4. \u00a0Define conservation, reversibility, and identity in concrete operational intelligence.<\/li>\r\n\t
  5. Explain information processing theory of memory.<\/li>\r\n\t
  6. Characterize language development in middle childhood.<\/li>\r\n\t
  7. \u00a0Compare preconventional, conventional, and postconventional moral development.<\/li>\r\n\t
  8. Define learning disability and describe dyslexia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.<\/li>\r\n\t
  9. Evaluate the impact of labeling on children's self-concept and social relationships.<\/li>\r\n\t
  10. Explain the rationale for identifying childhood conditions as spectrum disorders.<\/li>\r\n\t
  11. Explain the controversy over the use of standardized testing in schools.<\/li>\r\n\t
  12. Compare Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences and Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence.<\/li>\r\n\t
  13. Compare aptitude and achievement tests.<\/li>\r\n\t
  14. Apply the ecological systems model to explore children's experiences in schools.<\/li>\r\n\t
  15. \u00a0Examine social relationships in middle childhood.<\/li>\r\n\t
  16. Characterized the incidence and impact of sexual abuse in middle childhood.<\/li>\r\n\t
  17. \u00a0Analyze the impact of family structure on children's development.<\/li>\r\n\t
  18. \u00a0Describe the developmental stages of stepfamilies.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

    Introduction<\/h2>\r\nMiddle childhood is the period of life that begins when children enter school and lasts until they reach adolescence.\u00a0Think for a moment about children this age that you may know.\u00a0What are their lives like?\u00a0What kinds of concerns do they express and with what kinds of activities are their days filled?\u00a0If it were possible, would you want to return to this period of life?\u00a0Why or why not?\u00a0Early childhood and adolescence seem to get much more attention than middle childhood.\u00a0Perhaps this is because growth patterns slow at this time, the id becomes hidden during the latent stage, according to Freud, and children spend much more time in schools, with friends, and in structured activities.\u00a0It may be easy for parents to lose track of their children's development unless they stay directly involved in these worlds.\u00a0I think it is important to stop and give full attention to middle childhood to stay in touch with these children and to take notice of the varied influences on their lives in a larger world.\r\n

    REFERENCES:<\/h2>\r\nArditti, J. A. (1999). Rethinking relationships between divorced mothers and their children: Capitalizing on family strengths.\u00a0Family Relations,\u00a048, 109-119.\r\n\r\nAsperger syndrome: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. (2006).\u00a0National Library of Medicine - National Institutes of Health. Retrieved May 05, 2011, from http:\/\/www.nlm.nih.gov\/medlineplus\/ency\/article\/001549.htm\r\n\r\nBerk, L. (2007).\u00a0Development through the life span\u00a0(4th ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.\r\n\r\nBoulton, M. J. (1999). Concurrent and longitudinal relations between children's playground behavior and social preference, victimization, and bullying.\u00a0Child Development,\u00a070, 944-954.\r\n\r\nChao, R. (2001). Extending research on the consequences of parenting styles for Chinese Americans and European Americans.\u00a0Child Development,\u00a072, 1832-1843.\r\n\r\nCillesen, A. H., & Mayeaux, L. (2004). From censure to reinforcement: Developmental changes in the association between aggression and social status..\u00a0Child Development,\u00a075, 147-163.\r\n\r\nConsidered, A. T. (n.d.). Youth Soccer Coaches Encouraged to Ease Regimen : NPR.\u00a0NPR : National Public Radio : News & Analysis, World, US, Music & Arts : NPR. Retrieved May 05, 2011, from http:\/\/www.npr.org\/templates\/story\/story.php?storyId=5428473\r\n\r\nDavis, N. J. (1999).\u00a0Youth crisis: Growing up in the high-risk society. Westport, CT: Praeger.\r\n\r\nDrexler, P. (2005).\u00a0Raising boys without men. Emmaus, PA: Rodale.\r\n\r\nFinkelhor, D. (1984).\u00a0Child sexual abuse: New theory and research. New York: Free Press.\r\n\r\nFinkelhor, D., Hotaling, G., Lewis, I. A., & Smith, C. (1990). Sexual abuse in a national survey of adult men and women: Prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors.\u00a0Child Abuse and Neglect,\u00a014, 19-28.\r\n\r\nFurstenberg, F. F., & Cherlin, A. J. (1991).\u00a0Divided families: What happens to children when parents part. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.\r\n\r\nGardner, H. (1983).\u00a0Frames of mind: The theory of multiple intelligences. New York: Basic Books.\r\n\r\nGardner, H. (1998). Are there additional intelligences? The case for naturalist, spiritual, and existentialist intelligences. In J. Kane (Ed.),\u00a0Education, information, and transformation: Essays on learning and thinking.\u00a0Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.\r\n\r\nGardner, H. (1999).\u00a0Intelligence reframed: Multiple intelligences for the 21st century. New York, NY: Basic Books.\r\n\r\nGuttmann, J. (1993).\u00a0Divorce in psychosocial perspective: Theory and research. Hillsdale, NJ: L. Erlbaum Associates.\r\n\r\nHarmanci, R. (2006, December 17).\u00a0Sex inuendo: Under the tree over the punch bowl. Cultural shift: Little girls, sexy dolls-toy industry markets to 'Kids growing older younger. Retrieved January 3, 2007, from http:\/\/www.sfgate.com\/cgi-bin\/article.cgi?file=\/c\/a\/2006\/12\/17\/MNGoMN18MP1.DTL\r\n\r\nHetherington, E. M., & Kelly, J. (2002).\u00a0For better or for worse: Divorce reconsidered. New York: W.W. Norton.\r\n\r\nHorvat, E. M. (2004). Moments of social inclusion and exclusion: Race, class, and cultural capital in family-school relationships. In A. Lareau (Author) & J. H. Ballantine & J. Z. Spade (Eds.),\u00a0Schools and society: A sociological approach to education\u00a0(2nd ed., pp. 276-286). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.\r\n\r\nIrvine, M. (2006).\u00a010 is the new 15 as kids grow up faster.\u00a0Retrieved January 3, 2007, from http:\/\/ww.foxnews.com\/wires\/2006Nov26\/0.4670.TeenTweens.00.html\r\n\r\nKohlberg, L. (1963). The development of children's oreintations toward a moral order: Sequence in the development of moral thought.\u00a0Vita Humana,\u00a016, 11-36.\r\n\r\nMcLanahan, S., & Sandefur, G. D. (1994).\u00a0Growing up with a single parent: What hurts, what helps. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.\r\n\r\nMcLaren, P. (1999).\u00a0Schooling as a ritual performance: Toward a political economy of educational symbols and gestures\u00a0(3rd ed.). Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.\r\n\r\nPapernow, P. L. (1993).\u00a0Becoming a stepfamily: Patterns of development in remarried families. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.\r\n\r\nPervasive Developmental Disorders Information Page. (n.d.).\u00a0National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). Retrieved May 05, 2011, from http:\/\/www.ninds.nih.gov\/disorders\/pdd\/pdd.htm\r\n\r\nSeccombe, K., & Warner, R. L. (2004).\u00a0Marriages and families: Relationships in social context. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth\/Thomson Learning.\r\n\r\nSpade, J. Z. (2004). Learning the student role: Kindergarten as Academic Boot Camp. In H. Gracey (Author) & J. H. Ballantine (Ed.),\u00a0Schools and society: A sociological approach to education\u00a0(2nd ed., pp. 144-148). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.\r\n\r\nSpecial issues for tweens and teens.\u00a0(n.d.). Retrieved December 23, 2006, from http:\/\/www.media-awareness.ca\/english\/parents\/marketing\/issues_teens_marketing.cfm?RenderForPrint=1\r\n\r\nSquires, R. (2006, November 3). Marketers hijack sexuality: Expert decries young girls' loss of childhood.\u00a0Winnipeg Sun. Retrieved January 3, 2007, from http:\/\/www.jeankilbourne.com\/news.htm.\r\n\r\nSternberg, R. J. (1997).\u00a0Successful intelligence: How practical and creative intelligence determine success in life. New York: Plume.\r\n\r\nSternberg, R. J. (1999). A triarchic approach to understanding and assessment of intelligence in multicultural populations.\u00a0Journal of School Psychology,\u00a037, 145-159.\r\n\r\nStewart, A. J., Copeland, Chester, Malley, & Barenbaum. (1997).\u00a0Separating together: How divorce transforms families. New York: Guilford Press.\r\n\r\nTurnbull, J. K. (1985). To dream the impossible dream: An agenda for discussion with stepparents. In S. K. Turnbull (Author) & L. Cargen (Ed.),\u00a0Marriage and family: Coping with change.\u00a0Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.\r\n\r\nTyre, P. (2006, September 11). The new first grade: Too much too soon?\u00a0Newsweek, 34-44.\r\n\r\nUnited States, Center for Disease Control, Department of Health and Human Services. (2006, April 5).\u00a0Autism. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncbddd\/autism\/index.htm\r\n\r\nUnited States, Center for Disease Control, Metropolitan Atlanta Developmental Disabilities Surveillance Program. (2005, January 21). Retrieved December 30, 2006, from http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncbddd\/autism\/ask_common.htm\r\n\r\nUnited States, U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, U. S. Government Printing Office. (2005).\u00a0Health United States\u00a0(2005g). Washington, D. C.\r\n\r\nValentine, S. M. (2005). Sexual abuse of boys.\u00a0Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing,\u00a018(1), 10-16.\r\n\r\nVisher, E. B., & Visher, J. S. (1985). Stepfamilies are different.\u00a0Journal of Family Therapy,\u00a07(1), 9-18.\r\n\r\nWoitalla, M. (2006, January 30).\u00a0Remember, it's playtime.\u00a0Retrieved December 23, 2006, from http:\/\/www.socceramerica.com\/article.asp?Art_ID=562136883","rendered":"
    \n

    Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n

    Objectives:\u00a0At the end of this lesson, you will be able to<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Describe physical growth during middle childhood.<\/li>\n
    2. Prepare recommendations to avoid health risks in school-aged children.<\/li>\n
    3. Describe recognized examples of concrete operational intelligence.<\/li>\n
    4. \u00a0Define conservation, reversibility, and identity in concrete operational intelligence.<\/li>\n
    5. Explain information processing theory of memory.<\/li>\n
    6. Characterize language development in middle childhood.<\/li>\n
    7. \u00a0Compare preconventional, conventional, and postconventional moral development.<\/li>\n
    8. Define learning disability and describe dyslexia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.<\/li>\n
    9. Evaluate the impact of labeling on children’s self-concept and social relationships.<\/li>\n
    10. Explain the rationale for identifying childhood conditions as spectrum disorders.<\/li>\n
    11. Explain the controversy over the use of standardized testing in schools.<\/li>\n
    12. Compare Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences and Sternberg’s triarchic theory of intelligence.<\/li>\n
    13. Compare aptitude and achievement tests.<\/li>\n
    14. Apply the ecological systems model to explore children’s experiences in schools.<\/li>\n
    15. \u00a0Examine social relationships in middle childhood.<\/li>\n
    16. Characterized the incidence and impact of sexual abuse in middle childhood.<\/li>\n
    17. \u00a0Analyze the impact of family structure on children’s development.<\/li>\n
    18. \u00a0Describe the developmental stages of stepfamilies.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n

      Introduction<\/h2>\n

      Middle childhood is the period of life that begins when children enter school and lasts until they reach adolescence.\u00a0Think for a moment about children this age that you may know.\u00a0What are their lives like?\u00a0What kinds of concerns do they express and with what kinds of activities are their days filled?\u00a0If it were possible, would you want to return to this period of life?\u00a0Why or why not?\u00a0Early childhood and adolescence seem to get much more attention than middle childhood.\u00a0Perhaps this is because growth patterns slow at this time, the id becomes hidden during the latent stage, according to Freud, and children spend much more time in schools, with friends, and in structured activities.\u00a0It may be easy for parents to lose track of their children’s development unless they stay directly involved in these worlds.\u00a0I think it is important to stop and give full attention to middle childhood to stay in touch with these children and to take notice of the varied influences on their lives in a larger world.<\/p>\n

      REFERENCES:<\/h2>\n

      Arditti, J. A. (1999). Rethinking relationships between divorced mothers and their children: Capitalizing on family strengths.\u00a0Family Relations,\u00a048, 109-119.<\/p>\n

      Asperger syndrome: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. (2006).\u00a0National Library of Medicine – National Institutes of Health. Retrieved May 05, 2011, from http:\/\/www.nlm.nih.gov\/medlineplus\/ency\/article\/001549.htm<\/p>\n

      Berk, L. (2007).\u00a0Development through the life span\u00a0(4th ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.<\/p>\n

      Boulton, M. J. (1999). Concurrent and longitudinal relations between children’s playground behavior and social preference, victimization, and bullying.\u00a0Child Development,\u00a070, 944-954.<\/p>\n

      Chao, R. (2001). Extending research on the consequences of parenting styles for Chinese Americans and European Americans.\u00a0Child Development,\u00a072, 1832-1843.<\/p>\n

      Cillesen, A. H., & Mayeaux, L. (2004). From censure to reinforcement: Developmental changes in the association between aggression and social status..\u00a0Child Development,\u00a075, 147-163.<\/p>\n

      Considered, A. T. (n.d.). Youth Soccer Coaches Encouraged to Ease Regimen : NPR.\u00a0NPR : National Public Radio : News & Analysis, World, US, Music & Arts : NPR. Retrieved May 05, 2011, from http:\/\/www.npr.org\/templates\/story\/story.php?storyId=5428473<\/p>\n

      Davis, N. J. (1999).\u00a0Youth crisis: Growing up in the high-risk society. Westport, CT: Praeger.<\/p>\n

      Drexler, P. (2005).\u00a0Raising boys without men. Emmaus, PA: Rodale.<\/p>\n

      Finkelhor, D. (1984).\u00a0Child sexual abuse: New theory and research. New York: Free Press.<\/p>\n

      Finkelhor, D., Hotaling, G., Lewis, I. A., & Smith, C. (1990). Sexual abuse in a national survey of adult men and women: Prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors.\u00a0Child Abuse and Neglect,\u00a014, 19-28.<\/p>\n

      Furstenberg, F. F., & Cherlin, A. J. (1991).\u00a0Divided families: What happens to children when parents part. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.<\/p>\n

      Gardner, H. (1983).\u00a0Frames of mind: The theory of multiple intelligences. New York: Basic Books.<\/p>\n

      Gardner, H. (1998). Are there additional intelligences? The case for naturalist, spiritual, and existentialist intelligences. In J. Kane (Ed.),\u00a0Education, information, and transformation: Essays on learning and thinking.\u00a0Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.<\/p>\n

      Gardner, H. (1999).\u00a0Intelligence reframed: Multiple intelligences for the 21st century. New York, NY: Basic Books.<\/p>\n

      Guttmann, J. (1993).\u00a0Divorce in psychosocial perspective: Theory and research. Hillsdale, NJ: L. Erlbaum Associates.<\/p>\n

      Harmanci, R. (2006, December 17).\u00a0Sex inuendo: Under the tree over the punch bowl. Cultural shift: Little girls, sexy dolls-toy industry markets to ‘Kids growing older younger. Retrieved January 3, 2007, from http:\/\/www.sfgate.com\/cgi-bin\/article.cgi?file=\/c\/a\/2006\/12\/17\/MNGoMN18MP1.DTL<\/p>\n

      Hetherington, E. M., & Kelly, J. (2002).\u00a0For better or for worse: Divorce reconsidered. New York: W.W. Norton.<\/p>\n

      Horvat, E. M. (2004). Moments of social inclusion and exclusion: Race, class, and cultural capital in family-school relationships. In A. Lareau (Author) & J. H. Ballantine & J. Z. Spade (Eds.),\u00a0Schools and society: A sociological approach to education\u00a0(2nd ed., pp. 276-286). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.<\/p>\n

      Irvine, M. (2006).\u00a010 is the new 15 as kids grow up faster.\u00a0Retrieved January 3, 2007, from http:\/\/ww.foxnews.com\/wires\/2006Nov26\/0.4670.TeenTweens.00.html<\/p>\n

      Kohlberg, L. (1963). The development of children’s oreintations toward a moral order: Sequence in the development of moral thought.\u00a0Vita Humana,\u00a016, 11-36.<\/p>\n

      McLanahan, S., & Sandefur, G. D. (1994).\u00a0Growing up with a single parent: What hurts, what helps. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.<\/p>\n

      McLaren, P. (1999).\u00a0Schooling as a ritual performance: Toward a political economy of educational symbols and gestures\u00a0(3rd ed.). Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.<\/p>\n

      Papernow, P. L. (1993).\u00a0Becoming a stepfamily: Patterns of development in remarried families. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.<\/p>\n

      Pervasive Developmental Disorders Information Page. (n.d.).\u00a0National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). Retrieved May 05, 2011, from http:\/\/www.ninds.nih.gov\/disorders\/pdd\/pdd.htm<\/p>\n

      Seccombe, K., & Warner, R. L. (2004).\u00a0Marriages and families: Relationships in social context. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth\/Thomson Learning.<\/p>\n

      Spade, J. Z. (2004). Learning the student role: Kindergarten as Academic Boot Camp. In H. Gracey (Author) & J. H. Ballantine (Ed.),\u00a0Schools and society: A sociological approach to education\u00a0(2nd ed., pp. 144-148). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.<\/p>\n

      Special issues for tweens and teens.\u00a0(n.d.). Retrieved December 23, 2006, from http:\/\/www.media-awareness.ca\/english\/parents\/marketing\/issues_teens_marketing.cfm?RenderForPrint=1<\/p>\n

      Squires, R. (2006, November 3). Marketers hijack sexuality: Expert decries young girls’ loss of childhood.\u00a0Winnipeg Sun. Retrieved January 3, 2007, from http:\/\/www.jeankilbourne.com\/news.htm.<\/p>\n

      Sternberg, R. J. (1997).\u00a0Successful intelligence: How practical and creative intelligence determine success in life. New York: Plume.<\/p>\n

      Sternberg, R. J. (1999). A triarchic approach to understanding and assessment of intelligence in multicultural populations.\u00a0Journal of School Psychology,\u00a037, 145-159.<\/p>\n

      Stewart, A. J., Copeland, Chester, Malley, & Barenbaum. (1997).\u00a0Separating together: How divorce transforms families. New York: Guilford Press.<\/p>\n

      Turnbull, J. K. (1985). To dream the impossible dream: An agenda for discussion with stepparents. In S. K. Turnbull (Author) & L. Cargen (Ed.),\u00a0Marriage and family: Coping with change.\u00a0Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.<\/p>\n

      Tyre, P. (2006, September 11). The new first grade: Too much too soon?\u00a0Newsweek, 34-44.<\/p>\n

      United States, Center for Disease Control, Department of Health and Human Services. (2006, April 5).\u00a0Autism. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncbddd\/autism\/index.htm<\/p>\n

      United States, Center for Disease Control, Metropolitan Atlanta Developmental Disabilities Surveillance Program. (2005, January 21). Retrieved December 30, 2006, from http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncbddd\/autism\/ask_common.htm<\/p>\n

      United States, U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, U. S. Government Printing Office. (2005).\u00a0Health United States\u00a0(2005g). Washington, D. C.<\/p>\n

      Valentine, S. M. (2005). Sexual abuse of boys.\u00a0Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing,\u00a018(1), 10-16.<\/p>\n

      Visher, E. B., & Visher, J. S. (1985). Stepfamilies are different.\u00a0Journal of Family Therapy,\u00a07(1), 9-18.<\/p>\n

      Woitalla, M. (2006, January 30).\u00a0Remember, it’s playtime.\u00a0Retrieved December 23, 2006, from http:\/\/www.socceramerica.com\/article.asp?Art_ID=562136883<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t

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