{"id":429,"date":"2017-10-26T13:55:44","date_gmt":"2017-10-26T13:55:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/sunynutrition\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=429"},"modified":"2017-11-13T19:17:15","modified_gmt":"2017-11-13T19:17:15","slug":"5-2-gallstones","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/atd-herkimer-nutrition\/chapter\/5-2-gallstones\/","title":{"raw":"5.2 Gallstones","rendered":"5.2 Gallstones"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"__UNKNOWN__\">\r\n\r\nIt is estimated that up to 1 million Americans are hospitalized annually as a result of gallstones, making it the most common of all digestive diseases<sup>1<\/sup>. Gallstones are formed when bile hardens in the gallbladder. 80% of gallstones are a result of cholesterol precipitation, while 20% are are a result of bile pigment precipitation<sup>2<\/sup>. The cause of gallstones is unknown<sup>2<\/sup>. The way in which gallstones are formed is shown in the following video.\r\n<table><colgroup> <col \/><\/colgroup>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><b>Web Link<\/b>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1q3NxfwSENM&amp;feature=rec-HM-fresh+div\"><u>Video: Gallstones (0:27)<\/u><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nThe following figure shows a severe case of gallstones.\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"600\"]<img src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2569\/2017\/10\/26135517\/10000000000002580000016EB247B761.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"366\" \/> Figure 5.21 Gallstones within a dissected gallbladder<sup>3<\/sup>[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nMany people do not experience symptoms from gallstones. They are usually discovered during examination for another health condition. However, some people experience an \"attack\" or pain that results from blockage\u00a0of the bile ducts. The gallbladder is not essential, so the primary treatment is cholecystectomy, the removal of the gallbladder. Bile then flows directly from the liver into the small intestine.\r\n\r\n<b>References &amp; Links<\/b>\r\n\r\n1. Bar-Meir S. (2001) Gallstones: Prevalence, diagnosis and treatment. The Israel Medical Association Journal 3(2): 111.\r\n\r\n2. http:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/health-topics\/digestive-diseases\/gallstones\/Pages\/facts.aspx\r\n\r\n3. http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gallstones.jpg\r\n\r\n<b>Video<\/b>\r\n\r\nGallstones - http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1q3NxfwSENM&amp;feature=rec-HM-fresh+div\r\n\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div class=\"__UNKNOWN__\">\n<p>It is estimated that up to 1 million Americans are hospitalized annually as a result of gallstones, making it the most common of all digestive diseases<sup>1<\/sup>. Gallstones are formed when bile hardens in the gallbladder. 80% of gallstones are a result of cholesterol precipitation, while 20% are are a result of bile pigment precipitation<sup>2<\/sup>. The cause of gallstones is unknown<sup>2<\/sup>. The way in which gallstones are formed is shown in the following video.<\/p>\n<table>\n<colgroup>\n<col \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Web Link<\/b><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1q3NxfwSENM&amp;feature=rec-HM-fresh+div\"><u>Video: Gallstones (0:27)<\/u><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>The following figure shows a severe case of gallstones.<\/p>\n<div>\n<div style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2569\/2017\/10\/26135517\/10000000000002580000016EB247B761.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"366\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 5.21 Gallstones within a dissected gallbladder<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Many people do not experience symptoms from gallstones. They are usually discovered during examination for another health condition. However, some people experience an &#8220;attack&#8221; or pain that results from blockage\u00a0of the bile ducts. The gallbladder is not essential, so the primary treatment is cholecystectomy, the removal of the gallbladder. Bile then flows directly from the liver into the small intestine.<\/p>\n<p><b>References &amp; Links<\/b><\/p>\n<p>1. Bar-Meir S. (2001) Gallstones: Prevalence, diagnosis and treatment. The Israel Medical Association Journal 3(2): 111.<\/p>\n<p>2. http:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/health-topics\/digestive-diseases\/gallstones\/Pages\/facts.aspx<\/p>\n<p>3. http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gallstones.jpg<\/p>\n<p><b>Video<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Gallstones &#8211; http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1q3NxfwSENM&amp;feature=rec-HM-fresh+div<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-429\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Kansas State University Human Nutrition Flexbook. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Brian Lindshield. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Kansas State University. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/goo.gl\/vOAnR\">http:\/\/goo.gl\/vOAnR<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":44985,"menu_order":12,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Kansas State University Human Nutrition Flexbook\",\"author\":\"Brian Lindshield\",\"organization\":\"Kansas State University\",\"url\":\"goo.gl\/vOAnR\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-429","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":413,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/atd-herkimer-nutrition\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/429","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/atd-herkimer-nutrition\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/atd-herkimer-nutrition\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/atd-herkimer-nutrition\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/44985"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/atd-herkimer-nutrition\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/429\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1711,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/atd-herkimer-nutrition\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/429\/revisions\/1711"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/atd-herkimer-nutrition\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/413"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/atd-herkimer-nutrition\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/429\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/atd-herkimer-nutrition\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=429"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/atd-herkimer-nutrition\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=429"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/atd-herkimer-nutrition\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=429"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/atd-herkimer-nutrition\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=429"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}