{"id":584,"date":"2017-10-26T15:01:44","date_gmt":"2017-10-26T15:01:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/sunynutrition\/?post_type=chapter&p=584"},"modified":"2017-11-13T20:24:23","modified_gmt":"2017-11-13T20:24:23","slug":"7-33-brain-macronutrient-metabolism","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/atd-herkimer-nutrition\/chapter\/7-33-brain-macronutrient-metabolism\/","title":{"raw":"7.33 Brain Macronutrient Metabolism","rendered":"7.33 Brain Macronutrient Metabolism"},"content":{"raw":"
\r\n\r\nFatty acid breakdown does not occur to any great extent in the brain because of the low activity of an enzyme in the beta-oxidation pathway limits the pathway\u2019s activity1<\/sup>. Compared to the extrahepatic tissues as a whole, in the brain the following pathways are not performed or are not important:\r\n\r\nGlycogen synthesis and breakdown\r\n\r\nLactate synthesis\r\n\r\nFatty acid synthesis and breakdown\r\n\r\nTriglyceride synthesis and breakdown\r\n\r\nProtein synthesis and breakdown\r\n\r\nThese pathways are crossed out on the figure below.\r\n
\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1126\"]\"\" Figure 7.331 The metabolic pathways that are not performed or important in the brain compared to extrahepatic tissues as a whole are crossed out2<\/sup>[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nFatty acid breakdown does not occur to any great extent in the brain because low activity of an enzyme in the beta-oxidation pathway limits the activity of this pathway2<\/sup>.\r\n\r\nBy removing those pathways the only pathways left are:\r\n\r\nGlycolysis\r\n\r\nKetone body breakdown\r\n
\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1055\"]\"\" Figure 7.332 Brain metabolic capability1<\/sup>[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nThus, due to its limited metabolic capabilities, the brain needs to receive either glucose or ketone bodies to use as an energy source.\r\n\r\nReferences & Links<\/b>\r\n\r\n1. Yang SY, He XY, Schulz H (1987) Fatty acid oxidation in rat brain is limited by the low activity of 3-ketoacyl-coenzyme A thiolase. J BIol Chem 262 (27): 13027-13032.\r\n\r\n2. http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:CellRespiration.svg\r\n\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"
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Fatty acid breakdown does not occur to any great extent in the brain because of the low activity of an enzyme in the beta-oxidation pathway limits the pathway\u2019s activity1<\/sup>. Compared to the extrahepatic tissues as a whole, in the brain the following pathways are not performed or are not important:<\/p>\n

Glycogen synthesis and breakdown<\/p>\n

Lactate synthesis<\/p>\n

Fatty acid synthesis and breakdown<\/p>\n

Triglyceride synthesis and breakdown<\/p>\n

Protein synthesis and breakdown<\/p>\n

These pathways are crossed out on the figure below.<\/p>\n

\n
\"\"<\/p>\n

Figure 7.331 The metabolic pathways that are not performed or important in the brain compared to extrahepatic tissues as a whole are crossed out2<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Fatty acid breakdown does not occur to any great extent in the brain because low activity of an enzyme in the beta-oxidation pathway limits the activity of this pathway2<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

By removing those pathways the only pathways left are:<\/p>\n

Glycolysis<\/p>\n

Ketone body breakdown<\/p>\n

\n
\"\"<\/p>\n

Figure 7.332 Brain metabolic capability1<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Thus, due to its limited metabolic capabilities, the brain needs to receive either glucose or ketone bodies to use as an energy source.<\/p>\n

References & Links<\/b><\/p>\n

1. Yang SY, He XY, Schulz H (1987) Fatty acid oxidation in rat brain is limited by the low activity of 3-ketoacyl-coenzyme A thiolase. J BIol Chem 262 (27): 13027-13032.<\/p>\n

2. http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:CellRespiration.svg<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t

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Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t
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