{"id":856,"date":"2017-10-26T16:44:18","date_gmt":"2017-10-26T16:44:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/sunynutrition\/?post_type=chapter&p=856"},"modified":"2017-11-14T16:38:58","modified_gmt":"2017-11-14T16:38:58","slug":"11-11-folate-functions","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/atd-herkimer-nutrition\/chapter\/11-11-folate-functions\/","title":{"raw":"11.11 Folate Functions","rendered":"11.11 Folate Functions"},"content":{"raw":"
\r\n\r\nThe major function of folate is that it participates in 1-carbon metabolism. As described earlier, this is the transfer of 1-carbon units from 1 compound to another. The cofactor form of folate is tetrahydrofolate (THF). As is shown in the figure below, in order for THF to be formed, a methyl group is transferred to cobalamin (vitamin B12) from 5-methyl THF (THF plus a methyl group), forming methyl-cobalamin. You can see this on the left side of the figure below.\r\n
\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1089\"]\"\" Figure 11.111 One-carbon metabolism[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nThere are 2 major cofactor functions of THF1<\/sup>:\r\n\r\n1. DNA Synthesis\r\n\r\nTHF is required for the synthesis of DNA bases (purines and pyrimidines)1<\/sup>. As shown in the link below, N10-formyl-THF (a form of THF) is needed in 2 reactions (3 and 9) in purine synthesis.\r\n<\/colgroup>\r\n\r\n\r\n
Web Link<\/b>\r\n\r\n-Purine Synthesis<\/u><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n2. Amino Acid Metabolism\r\n\r\nTHF is a cofactor for enzymes that metabolize histidine, serine, glycine, and methionine1<\/sup>. The following link shows that THF is a cofactor for serine hydroxymethyltransferase, the enzyme that converts serine to glycine.\r\n<\/colgroup>\r\n\r\n\r\n
Web Link<\/b>\r\n\r\n-Serine to Glycine<\/u><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nReferences & Links<\/b>\r\n\r\n1. Gropper SS, Smith JL, Groff JL. (2008) Advanced nutrition and human metabolism. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing.\r\n\r\nLinks<\/b>\r\n\r\nPurine Synthesis - http:\/\/themedicalbiochemistrypage.org\/images\/purinesynthesis.jpg\r\n\r\nSerine to Glycine - http:\/\/themedicalbiochemistrypage.org\/images\/glycine-synthesis.jpg\r\n\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"
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The major function of folate is that it participates in 1-carbon metabolism. As described earlier, this is the transfer of 1-carbon units from 1 compound to another. The cofactor form of folate is tetrahydrofolate (THF). As is shown in the figure below, in order for THF to be formed, a methyl group is transferred to cobalamin (vitamin B12) from 5-methyl THF (THF plus a methyl group), forming methyl-cobalamin. You can see this on the left side of the figure below.<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n

Figure 11.111 One-carbon metabolism<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

There are 2 major cofactor functions of THF1<\/sup>:<\/p>\n

1. DNA Synthesis<\/p>\n

THF is required for the synthesis of DNA bases (purines and pyrimidines)1<\/sup>. As shown in the link below, N10-formyl-THF (a form of THF) is needed in 2 reactions (3 and 9) in purine synthesis.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n
Web Link<\/b><\/p>\n

–Purine Synthesis<\/u><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

2. Amino Acid Metabolism<\/p>\n

THF is a cofactor for enzymes that metabolize histidine, serine, glycine, and methionine1<\/sup>. The following link shows that THF is a cofactor for serine hydroxymethyltransferase, the enzyme that converts serine to glycine.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n
Web Link<\/b><\/p>\n

–Serine to Glycine<\/u><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

References & Links<\/b><\/p>\n

1. Gropper SS, Smith JL, Groff JL. (2008) Advanced nutrition and human metabolism. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing.<\/p>\n

Links<\/b><\/p>\n

Purine Synthesis – http:\/\/themedicalbiochemistrypage.org\/images\/purinesynthesis.jpg<\/p>\n

Serine to Glycine – http:\/\/themedicalbiochemistrypage.org\/images\/glycine-synthesis.jpg<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t

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Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t
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