For the following exercises (1-10), use implicit differentiation to find [latex]\frac{dy}{dx}[/latex].
1. [latex]x^2-y^2=4[/latex]
2. [latex]6x^2+3y^2=12[/latex]
3. [latex]x^2 y=y-7[/latex]
4. [latex]3x^3+9xy^2=5x^3[/latex]
5. [latex]xy- \cos (xy)=1[/latex]
6. [latex]y\sqrt{x+4}=xy+8[/latex]
7. [latex]−xy-2=\dfrac{x}{7}[/latex]
8. [latex]y \sin(xy)=y^2+2[/latex]
9. [latex](xy)^2+3x=y^2[/latex]
10. [latex]x^3 y+xy^3=-8[/latex]
For the following exercises (11-16), find the equation of the tangent line to the graph of the given equation at the indicated point. Use a calculator or computer software to graph the function and the tangent line.
11. [T] [latex]x^4 y-xy^3=-2, \,\,\, (-1,-1)[/latex]
12. [T] [latex]x^2 y^2+5xy=14, \,\,\, (2,1)[/latex]
13. [T] [latex]\tan (xy)=y, \,\,\, (\frac{\pi}{4},1)[/latex]
14. [T] [latex]xy^2 + \sin(\pi y)-2x^2=10, \,\,\, (2,-3)[/latex]
15. [T] [latex]\frac{x}{y}+5x-7=-\frac{3}{4}y, \,\,\, (1,2)[/latex]
16. [T] [latex]xy+ \sin (x)=1, \,\,\, (\frac{\pi}{2},0)[/latex]
17. [T] The graph of a folium of Descartes with equation [latex]2x^3+2y^3-9xy=0[/latex] is given in the following graph.
- Find the equation of the tangent line at the point [latex](2,1)[/latex]. Graph the tangent line along with the folium.
- Find the equation of the normal line to the tangent line in a. at the point [latex](2,1)[/latex].
18. For the equation [latex]x^2+2xy-3y^2=0[/latex],
- Find the equation of the normal to the tangent line at the point [latex](1,1)[/latex].
- At what other point does the normal line in a. intersect the graph of the equation?
19. Find all points on the graph of [latex]y^3-27y=x^2-90[/latex] at which the tangent line is vertical.
20. For the equation [latex]x^2+xy+y^2=7[/latex],
- Find the [latex]x[/latex]-intercept(s).
- Find the slope of the tangent line(s) at the [latex]x[/latex]-intercept(s).
- What does the value(s) in b. indicate about the tangent line(s)?
21. Find the equation of the tangent line to the graph of the equation [latex]\sin^{-1} x+\sin^{-1} y=\frac{\pi}{6}[/latex] at the point [latex](0,\frac{1}{2})[/latex].
22. Find the equation of the tangent line to the graph of the equation [latex]\tan^{-1}(x+y)=x^2+\frac{\pi}{4}[/latex] at the point [latex](0,1)[/latex].
23. Find [latex]y^{\prime}[/latex] and [latex]y''[/latex] for [latex]x^2+6xy-2y^2=3[/latex].
24. [T] The number of cell phones produced when [latex]x[/latex] dollars is spent on labor and [latex]y[/latex] dollars is spent on capital invested by a manufacturer can be modeled by the equation [latex]60x^{\frac{3}{4}}y^{\frac{1}{4}}=3240[/latex].
- Find [latex]\frac{dy}{dx}[/latex] and evaluate at the point [latex](81,16)[/latex].
- Interpret the result of a.
25. [T] The number of cars produced when [latex]x[/latex] dollars is spent on labor and [latex]y[/latex] dollars is spent on capital invested by a manufacturer can be modeled by the equation [latex]30x^{\frac{1}{3}}y^{\frac{2}{3}}=360[/latex].
(Both [latex]x[/latex] and [latex]y[/latex] are measured in thousands of dollars.)
- Find [latex]\frac{dy}{dx}[/latex] and evaluate at the point [latex](27,8)[/latex].
- Interpret the result of a.
26. The volume of a right circular cone of radius [latex]x[/latex] and height [latex]y[/latex] is given by [latex]V=\frac{1}{3}\pi x^2 y[/latex]. Suppose that the volume of the cone is [latex]85\pi \, \text{cm}^3[/latex]. Find [latex]\frac{dy}{dx}[/latex] when [latex]x=4[/latex] and [latex]y=16[/latex].
For the following exercises (27-28), consider a closed rectangular box with a square base with side [latex]x[/latex] and height [latex]y[/latex].
27. Find an equation for the surface area of the rectangular box, [latex]S(x,y)[/latex].
28. If the surface area of the rectangular box is 78 square feet, find [latex]\frac{dy}{dx}[/latex] when [latex]x=3[/latex] feet and [latex]y=5[/latex] feet.
For the following exercises (29-31), use implicit differentiation to determine [latex]y^{\prime}[/latex]. Does the answer agree with the formulas we have previously determined?
29. [latex]x= \sin y[/latex]
30. [latex]x= \cos y[/latex]
31. [latex]x= \tan y[/latex]
Candela Citations
- Calculus Volume 1. Authored by: Gilbert Strang, Edwin (Jed) Herman. Provided by: OpenStax. Located at: https://openstax.org/details/books/calculus-volume-1. License: CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. License Terms: Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/calculus-volume-1/pages/1-introduction