{"id":3285,"date":"2015-05-06T03:51:01","date_gmt":"2015-05-06T03:51:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.candelalearning.com\/oschemtemp\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=3285"},"modified":"2020-12-19T22:22:53","modified_gmt":"2020-12-19T22:22:53","slug":"introduction-to-electronic-structure-and-periodic-properties-of-elements","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/chapter\/introduction-to-electronic-structure-and-periodic-properties-of-elements\/","title":{"raw":"Why It Matters: Electronic Structure and Periodic Properties of Elements","rendered":"Why It Matters: Electronic Structure and Periodic Properties of Elements"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Outline of\u00a0Electronic Structure and Periodic Properties of Elements<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Electromagnetic Energy<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The Bohr Model<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Development of Quantum Theory<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Electronic Structure of Atoms (Electron Configurations)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Periodic Variations in Element Properties<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\nIn 1054, Chinese astronomers recorded the appearance of a \u201cguest star\u201d in the sky, visible even during the day, which then disappeared slowly over the next two years. The sudden appearance was due to a supernova explosion, which was much brighter than the original star. Even though this supernova was observed almost a millennium ago, the remaining Crab Nebula (Figure 1) continues to release energy today. It emits not only visible light but also infrared light, X-rays, and other forms of electromagnetic radiation. The nebula emits both continuous spectra (the blue-white glow) and atomic emission spectra (the colored filaments). In this module, we will discuss light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation and how they are related to the electronic structure of atoms. We will also see how this radiation can be used to identify elements, even from thousands of light years away.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"884\"]<img src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/887\/2015\/05\/23213342\/CNX_Chem_06_00_CrabNeb.jpg\" alt=\"A photo is shown of the Crab Nebula.\" width=\"884\" height=\"442\" \/> Figure 1. The Crab Nebula consists of remnants of a supernova (the explosion of a star). NASA\u2019s Hubble Space Telescope produced this composite image. Measurements of the emitted light wavelengths enabled astronomers to identify the elements in the nebula, determining that it contains specific ions including S<sup>+<\/sup> (green filaments) and O<sup>2+<\/sup> (red filaments). (credit: modification of work by NASA and ESA)[\/caption]","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Outline of\u00a0Electronic Structure and Periodic Properties of Elements<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Electromagnetic Energy<\/li>\n<li>The Bohr Model<\/li>\n<li>Development of Quantum Theory<\/li>\n<li>Electronic Structure of Atoms (Electron Configurations)<\/li>\n<li>Periodic Variations in Element Properties<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>In 1054, Chinese astronomers recorded the appearance of a \u201cguest star\u201d in the sky, visible even during the day, which then disappeared slowly over the next two years. The sudden appearance was due to a supernova explosion, which was much brighter than the original star. Even though this supernova was observed almost a millennium ago, the remaining Crab Nebula (Figure 1) continues to release energy today. It emits not only visible light but also infrared light, X-rays, and other forms of electromagnetic radiation. The nebula emits both continuous spectra (the blue-white glow) and atomic emission spectra (the colored filaments). In this module, we will discuss light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation and how they are related to the electronic structure of atoms. We will also see how this radiation can be used to identify elements, even from thousands of light years away.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 894px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/887\/2015\/05\/23213342\/CNX_Chem_06_00_CrabNeb.jpg\" alt=\"A photo is shown of the Crab Nebula.\" width=\"884\" height=\"442\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 1. The Crab Nebula consists of remnants of a supernova (the explosion of a star). NASA\u2019s Hubble Space Telescope produced this composite image. Measurements of the emitted light wavelengths enabled astronomers to identify the elements in the nebula, determining that it contains specific ions including S<sup>+<\/sup> (green filaments) and O<sup>2+<\/sup> (red filaments). (credit: modification of work by NASA and ESA)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-3285\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Chemistry 2e. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: OpenStax. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/\">https:\/\/openstax.org\/<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: Access for free at https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/chemistry-2e\/pages\/1-introduction<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":17,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Chemistry 2e\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"OpenStax\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"Access for free at https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/chemistry-2e\/pages\/1-introduction\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-3285","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":3014,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/3285","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/3285\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7307,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/3285\/revisions\/7307"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/3014"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/3285\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3285"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=3285"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=3285"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=3285"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}