{"id":3440,"date":"2015-05-06T03:51:00","date_gmt":"2015-05-06T03:51:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.candelalearning.com\/oschemtemp\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=3440"},"modified":"2020-12-31T16:58:12","modified_gmt":"2020-12-31T16:58:12","slug":"introduction-to-acid-based-equilibria","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/chapter\/introduction-to-acid-based-equilibria\/","title":{"raw":"Why It Matters: Acid-Based Equilibria","rendered":"Why It Matters: Acid-Based Equilibria"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Outline of\u00a0Acid-Based Equilibria<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Br\u00f8nsted-Lowry Acids and Bases<\/li>\r\n \t<li>pH and pOH<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Hydrolysis of Salts<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Polyprotic Acids<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Buffers<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Acid-Base Titrations<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"alignright\" width=\"454\"]<img class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/resources\/ab1bec651af3249a8e68733350862e81bf1ff611\" alt=\"A photograph is shown of a pond formed in a sinkhole. Layers of limestone with trees and shrubs surround the murky green water of the pond.\" width=\"454\" height=\"188\" \/> Figure 1. Sinkholes such as this are the result of reactions between acidic groundwaters and basic rock formations, like limestone. (credit: modification of work by Emil Kehnel)[\/caption]\r\n\r\nLiquid water is essential to life on our planet, and chemistry involving the characteristic ions of water, H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0and OH<sup>\u00e2\u02c6\u2019<\/sup>, is widely encountered in nature and society. As introduced in another chapter of this text, acid-base chemistry involves the transfer of hydrogen ions from donors (acids) to acceptors (bases). These H+ transfer reactions are reversible, and the equilibria established by acid-base systems are essential aspects of phenomena ranging from sinkhole formation (Figure 1) to oxygen transport in the human body. This module will further explore acid-base chemistry with an emphasis on the equilibrium aspects of this important reaction class.","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Outline of\u00a0Acid-Based Equilibria<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Br\u00f8nsted-Lowry Acids and Bases<\/li>\n<li>pH and pOH<\/li>\n<li>Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases<\/li>\n<li>Hydrolysis of Salts<\/li>\n<li>Polyprotic Acids<\/li>\n<li>Buffers<\/li>\n<li>Acid-Base Titrations<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"width: 464px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/resources\/ab1bec651af3249a8e68733350862e81bf1ff611\" alt=\"A photograph is shown of a pond formed in a sinkhole. Layers of limestone with trees and shrubs surround the murky green water of the pond.\" width=\"454\" height=\"188\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 1. Sinkholes such as this are the result of reactions between acidic groundwaters and basic rock formations, like limestone. (credit: modification of work by Emil Kehnel)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Liquid water is essential to life on our planet, and chemistry involving the characteristic ions of water, H<sup>+<\/sup>\u00a0and OH<sup>\u00e2\u02c6\u2019<\/sup>, is widely encountered in nature and society. As introduced in another chapter of this text, acid-base chemistry involves the transfer of hydrogen ions from donors (acids) to acceptors (bases). These H+ transfer reactions are reversible, and the equilibria established by acid-base systems are essential aspects of phenomena ranging from sinkhole formation (Figure 1) to oxygen transport in the human body. This module will further explore acid-base chemistry with an emphasis on the equilibrium aspects of this important reaction class.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-3440\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Chemistry 2e. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: OpenStax. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/\">https:\/\/openstax.org\/<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: Access for free at https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/chemistry-2e\/pages\/1-introduction<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":17,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Chemistry 2e\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"OpenStax\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"Access for free at https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/chemistry-2e\/pages\/1-introduction\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-3440","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":2988,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/3440","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/3440\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7839,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/3440\/revisions\/7839"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/2988"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/3440\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3440"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=3440"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=3440"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/chemistryformajors\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=3440"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}