{"id":1893,"date":"2016-08-04T17:14:15","date_gmt":"2016-08-04T17:14:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/publicspeaking\/?post_type=chapter&p=1893"},"modified":"2016-08-18T17:50:00","modified_gmt":"2016-08-18T17:50:00","slug":"conclusion","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/clinton-publicspeakingprinciples\/chapter\/conclusion\/","title":{"raw":"Conclusion, Review Questions, and Activities","rendered":"Conclusion, Review Questions, and Activities"},"content":{"raw":"

Conclusion<\/h2>\r\n
Only one person in a million becomes enlightened without a teacher\u2019s help. -\u00a0Bodhidharma<\/blockquote>\r\nThe primary goal of informative speaking is to increase listeners\u2019 knowledge so they can better understand the world around them and can make more informed decisions. Discussing the impact a speaker can have on an audience, Perry Wilbur (2000, p. 99) explains:\r\n
Always keep in mind that if your talk helps just one listener in your audience, it has been successful. It is far more likely to have an impact on a number of listeners in your audiences. That is one of the real powers of spoken communication. Develop skill for getting the material across to audiences, and you can and will change lives for the better and make a worthy contribution as a speaker.<\/em><\/div>\r\nInformative speaking is a crucial skill that, if developed, will help you be more successful in both your personal life and your professional career.\r\n\r\nWhen constructing an informative speech, you should strive to be objective, spend time developing your credibility, demonstrate that you have done your research, and link your subject to the lives of the listeners.\r\n\r\nThere are four main types of informative speeches. Definitional speeches present the meanings of concepts, theories, philosophies, or issues. Descriptive speeches provide detailed word pictures of people, animals, places, or objects. Explanatory speeches report events, customs, transformations, inventions,, policies, outcomes or options. Demonstration speeches show listeners how some process is done or how to do it themselves.\r\n\r\nSeveral techniques can be used by speakers to increase the effectiveness of their informative speech. Speakers can arouse interest by using attention getting elements, telling a story, adding creative features, and stimulating the intellect of the audience. Speakers can create coherence through logical organization, the use of simple language, and by avoiding information overload. Finally, a speaker can make a speech more memorable via repetition, appealing to different ways of learning, and by using visuals appropriately.\r\n
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If you have knowledge, let others light their candles at it. - Margaret Fuller<\/div><\/blockquote>\r\n
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Review Questions<\/h3>\r\n
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  1. For each of the characters described below, what types of informative speeches might each person be called\u00a0upon to give in her or his personal and professional life? List as many as you can think of for each.\r\n
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    1. Stacy is an emergency room physician and medical school professor. She also serves on the board of\u00a0directors for a local college. For recreation she enjoys rock climbing.<\/li>\r\n \t
    2. Rick is an animal control officer who volunteers his time at both the animal shelter and the local Habitat\u00a0for Humanity group. He is in a bowling league with other city employees.<\/li>\r\n \t
    3. Akiko is in insurance sales and volunteers in the math classroom at her children\u2019s middle school. As a\u00a0hobby, she collects and sells antiques.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t
    4. Early in the module, the importance of credibility was discussed. Can you think of any presentations you\u00a0heard where you DID NOT feel that the speaker had credibility? What did the speakers do and\/or say to make\u00a0you think they lacked credibility? If you were to give these speakers advice on how to improve their credibility,\u00a0what would you say?<\/li>\r\n \t
    5. The chapter states that speakers need to be objective, credible, knowledgeable and that they need to make the\u00a0topic relevant to the audience. Rank these responsibilities in order from most to least important, and then\u00a0explain your ranking.<\/li>\r\n \t
    6. Imagine you are giving an informative speech on ______________ [you fill in the blank]. How would you\u00a0apply each of the five attention getting techniques\u2014intensity, novelty, contrast, activity and humor\u2014in your\u00a0speech? Make note of at least one idea for each technique.<\/li>\r\n \t
    7. After you have selected a topic for your informative speech, answer the questions below to help determine\u00a0ways to orient your topic to your audience. Questions adapted from Ulloth and Alderfer, (1998b, pp. 61\u201362).\r\n
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      1. How much information does your audience already have about your topic?<\/li>\r\n \t
      2. What social or cultural influences of audience members might affect their reaction to your topic?<\/li>\r\n \t
      3. How can your topic be made interesting if the audience has no knowledge or apparent interest in it?<\/li>\r\n \t
      4. Are there any mental, physical, or emotional factors in the audience that may affect their response to\u00a0your speech?<\/li>\r\n \t
      5. What do you want your audience to understand after you have delivered your speech?<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\nAnswers to song lyrics question in Developing Informative Speeches:<\/strong>\r\nMystery Artist: Pink Floyd \u201cMoney\u201d from Dark Side of the Moon\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n
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        Activities<\/h3>\r\n1. The list directly below includes a number of potential sources for your informative speech (Walters, 1995;\u00a0Ulloth & Alderfer, 1998; Slutsky & Aun, 1997). Using this list for ideas, which of these potential sources could\u00a0be used in the research process for each of the following speech topics?\r\n

        Speech Topics<\/h4>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
        Tattoos<\/td>\r\nAction figure collecting<\/td>\r\nFree local activities<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        Making great BBQ<\/td>\r\nMusic piracy<\/td>\r\nAuctions<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        Bruce Lee<\/td>\r\nDecorating on a budget<\/td>\r\nCreating a web site<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

        Source of Interesting Materials<\/h4>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
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        • Libraries<\/li>\r\n \t
        • Bookstores<\/li>\r\n \t
        • Used book stores<\/li>\r\n \t
        • Video stores<\/li>\r\n \t
        • Music stores<\/li>\r\n \t
        • Reference books<\/li>\r\n \t
        • Phone books (use for experts and\u00a0specialized businesses)<\/li>\r\n \t
        • Schools and colleges (where your topic\u00a0is taught or researched)<\/li>\r\n \t
        • Magazines and newsletters<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n
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