{"id":1107,"date":"2015-07-10T22:39:10","date_gmt":"2015-07-10T22:39:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.candelalearning.com\/earthscienceck12\/?post_type=chapter&p=1107"},"modified":"2015-07-10T22:48:32","modified_gmt":"2015-07-10T22:48:32","slug":"m","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/earthscienceck12\/chapter\/m\/","title":{"raw":"M","rendered":"M"},"content":{"raw":"\n
\n
\n mafic\n <\/dt>\n
\n A type of igneous rock that is made mostly of dense, dark minerals, such as olivine and pyroxene.\n <\/dd>\n
\n magma\n <\/dt>\n
\n Molten rock deep inside the Earth.\n <\/dd>\n
\n magma chamber\n <\/dt>\n
\n A region below a volcano where magma and gases collect.\n <\/dd>\n
\n magnetic field\n <\/dt>\n
\n A field produced by a magnetic object that exerts a force on other magnetic materials or moving electrical charges. Earth's magnetic field behaves as if a magnet were contained within the planet.\n <\/dd>\n
\n magnetic polarity\n <\/dt>\n
\n The direction of the Earth's magnetic field. A compass today will point north, which is normal polarity; south is reversed.\n <\/dd>\n
\n magnetite\n <\/dt>\n
\n A magnetic mineral that takes on Earth's magnetic polarity as it crystallizes.\n <\/dd>\n
\n magnetometer\n <\/dt>\n
\n An instrument that measures the magnetic field intensity.\n <\/dd>\n
\n magnetosphere\n <\/dt>\n
\n Charged particles beyond the atmosphere that are held in place by Earth's magnetic field.\n <\/dd>\n
\n main sequence star\n <\/dt>\n
\n A star that is fusing hydrogen atoms to helium; a star in the main portion of its \u201clife.\u201d\n <\/dd>\n
\n manganese nodule\n <\/dt>\n
\n Rocks on the seafloor that contain valuable minerals, especially manganese.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mantle\n <\/dt>\n
\n The middle layer of the Earth; made of hot rock that circulates by convection.\n <\/dd>\n
\n map\n <\/dt>\n
\n A 2-dimensional representation of Earth's surface.\n <\/dd>\n
\n maria\n <\/dt>\n
\n The dark parts of the Moon\u2019s surface, made up of ancient basaltic eruptions.\n <\/dd>\n
\n marine regression\n <\/dt>\n
\n The falling of sea level so that seas no longer cover the continents.\n <\/dd>\n
\n marine transgression\n <\/dt>\n
\n The rising of sea level over the continents.\n <\/dd>\n
\n maritime climate\n <\/dt>\n
\n A moderate climate dominated by a nearby ocean.\n <\/dd>\n
\n marsh\n <\/dt>\n
\n A shallow wetland with grasses and reeds, but there no trees. Water may be fresh, saline, or brackish.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mass movement\n <\/dt>\n
\n Erosion in which soil or rock move downslope due to gravity.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mass wasting\n <\/dt>\n
\n Erosion in which soil or rock move downslope due to gravity.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mathematical model\n <\/dt>\n
\n A set of mathematical equations that simulates a natural system.\n <\/dd>\n
\n meander\n <\/dt>\n
\n A bend or curve in a stream channel.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mechanical weathering\n <\/dt>\n
\n Weathering that breaks rocks into smaller pieces without altering their chemical composition.\n <\/dd>\n
\n medial moraine\n <\/dt>\n
\n Lateral moraines that join together within a main glacier as tributary glaciers merge.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mesosphere\n <\/dt>\n
\n Layer between the stratosphere and thermosphere; temperature decreases with altitude.\n <\/dd>\n
\n metabolism\n <\/dt>\n
\n The chemical work of cells; the chemical reactions a living organism needs to live, grow and reproduce.\n <\/dd>\n
\n metamorphic rock\n <\/dt>\n
\n A rock that forms from a previous rock that is exposed to heat and\/or pressure.\n <\/dd>\n
\n metamorphism\n <\/dt>\n
\n A solid state change in an existing rock due to high temperature and\/or pressure that creates a metamorphic rock.\n <\/dd>\n
\n meteor\n <\/dt>\n
\n Material from outer space that burns up as it enters Earth's atmosphere.\n <\/dd>\n
\n meteor shower\n <\/dt>\n
\n An area of frequent meteors appearing to originate in a particular part of the sky.\n <\/dd>\n
\n meteorite\n <\/dt>\n
\n Fragments of planetary bodies such as moons, planets, asteroids, and comets that strike Earth.\n <\/dd>\n
\n meteoroid\n <\/dt>\n
\n A small rock in interplanetary space that has not yet entered Earth's atmosphere.\n <\/dd>\n
\n microbe\n <\/dt>\n
\n A microorganism.\n <\/dd>\n
\n microclimate\n <\/dt>\n
\n A local climate that is different from the regional climate.\n <\/dd>\n
\n microcontinent\n <\/dt>\n
\n A fragment of crust that is smaller than a continent.\n <\/dd>\n
\n microfossil\n <\/dt>\n
\n A fossil that must be studied with the aid of a microscope.\n <\/dd>\n
\n microwave\n <\/dt>\n
\n The shortest wavelength radio waves.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mid-latitude cyclone\n <\/dt>\n
\n A cyclone that forms in the middle latitudes at the polar front.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mid-ocean ridge\n <\/dt>\n
\n A large, continuous mountain range found within an ocean basin. It is the location on the seafloor where magma upwells and forms new seafloor.\n <\/dd>\n
\n Milankovitch cycles\n <\/dt>\n
\n Cycles adding up to variations of around 100,000 years regarding Earth\u2019s position relative to the Sun that affect global climate.\n <\/dd>\n
\n Milky Way Galaxy\n <\/dt>\n
\n The spiral galaxy in which Earth and our solar system reside.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mineral\n <\/dt>\n
\n A naturally occurring inorganic, crystalline solid with a characteristic chemical composition.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mineralogist\n <\/dt>\n
\n A scientist who studies minerals.\n <\/dd>\n
\n model\n <\/dt>\n
\n A representation of an object or system that is easier to study and manipulate.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mold\n <\/dt>\n
\n An impression made in sediments by the hard parts of an organism.\n <\/dd>\n
\n molecular mass\n <\/dt>\n
\n The mass of all the atoms in a molecule.\n <\/dd>\n
\n molecule\n <\/dt>\n
\n The smallest unit of a compound; it is made of atoms.\n <\/dd>\n
\n monocline\n <\/dt>\n
\n A bend in a set of rocks that causes them to be inclined relative to the horizontal.\n <\/dd>\n
\n monsoon\n <\/dt>\n
\n Hot land draws cool air off a nearby sea creating large winds and often rain.\n <\/dd>\n
\n moon\n <\/dt>\n
\n A celestial object that orbits a planet.\n <\/dd>\n
\n moraine\n <\/dt>\n
\n Linear deposit of unsorted, rocky material on, under, or left behind by glacial ice.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mountain breeze\n <\/dt>\n
\n A wind that blows from a mountain to a valley at night when mountain air is cooler.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mouth\n <\/dt>\n
\n Where a stream enters a larger body of water such as a lake or an ocean.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mudflow\n <\/dt>\n
\n Saturated soil that flows down river channels.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mutation\n <\/dt>\n
\n A change in the genetic makeup of a population of organisms that can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mutualism\n <\/dt>\n
\n A symbiotic relationship between two species in which both species benefit.\n <\/dd>\n <\/dl>\n<\/body>","rendered":"
\n
\n mafic\n <\/dt>\n
\n A type of igneous rock that is made mostly of dense, dark minerals, such as olivine and pyroxene.\n <\/dd>\n
\n magma\n <\/dt>\n
\n Molten rock deep inside the Earth.\n <\/dd>\n
\n magma chamber\n <\/dt>\n
\n A region below a volcano where magma and gases collect.\n <\/dd>\n
\n magnetic field\n <\/dt>\n
\n A field produced by a magnetic object that exerts a force on other magnetic materials or moving electrical charges. Earth’s magnetic field behaves as if a magnet were contained within the planet.\n <\/dd>\n
\n magnetic polarity\n <\/dt>\n
\n The direction of the Earth’s magnetic field. A compass today will point north, which is normal polarity; south is reversed.\n <\/dd>\n
\n magnetite\n <\/dt>\n
\n A magnetic mineral that takes on Earth’s magnetic polarity as it crystallizes.\n <\/dd>\n
\n magnetometer\n <\/dt>\n
\n An instrument that measures the magnetic field intensity.\n <\/dd>\n
\n magnetosphere\n <\/dt>\n
\n Charged particles beyond the atmosphere that are held in place by Earth’s magnetic field.\n <\/dd>\n
\n main sequence star\n <\/dt>\n
\n A star that is fusing hydrogen atoms to helium; a star in the main portion of its \u201clife.\u201d\n <\/dd>\n
\n manganese nodule\n <\/dt>\n
\n Rocks on the seafloor that contain valuable minerals, especially manganese.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mantle\n <\/dt>\n
\n The middle layer of the Earth; made of hot rock that circulates by convection.\n <\/dd>\n
\n map\n <\/dt>\n
\n A 2-dimensional representation of Earth’s surface.\n <\/dd>\n
\n maria\n <\/dt>\n
\n The dark parts of the Moon\u2019s surface, made up of ancient basaltic eruptions.\n <\/dd>\n
\n marine regression\n <\/dt>\n
\n The falling of sea level so that seas no longer cover the continents.\n <\/dd>\n
\n marine transgression\n <\/dt>\n
\n The rising of sea level over the continents.\n <\/dd>\n
\n maritime climate\n <\/dt>\n
\n A moderate climate dominated by a nearby ocean.\n <\/dd>\n
\n marsh\n <\/dt>\n
\n A shallow wetland with grasses and reeds, but there no trees. Water may be fresh, saline, or brackish.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mass movement\n <\/dt>\n
\n Erosion in which soil or rock move downslope due to gravity.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mass wasting\n <\/dt>\n
\n Erosion in which soil or rock move downslope due to gravity.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mathematical model\n <\/dt>\n
\n A set of mathematical equations that simulates a natural system.\n <\/dd>\n
\n meander\n <\/dt>\n
\n A bend or curve in a stream channel.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mechanical weathering\n <\/dt>\n
\n Weathering that breaks rocks into smaller pieces without altering their chemical composition.\n <\/dd>\n
\n medial moraine\n <\/dt>\n
\n Lateral moraines that join together within a main glacier as tributary glaciers merge.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mesosphere\n <\/dt>\n
\n Layer between the stratosphere and thermosphere; temperature decreases with altitude.\n <\/dd>\n
\n metabolism\n <\/dt>\n
\n The chemical work of cells; the chemical reactions a living organism needs to live, grow and reproduce.\n <\/dd>\n
\n metamorphic rock\n <\/dt>\n
\n A rock that forms from a previous rock that is exposed to heat and\/or pressure.\n <\/dd>\n
\n metamorphism\n <\/dt>\n
\n A solid state change in an existing rock due to high temperature and\/or pressure that creates a metamorphic rock.\n <\/dd>\n
\n meteor\n <\/dt>\n
\n Material from outer space that burns up as it enters Earth’s atmosphere.\n <\/dd>\n
\n meteor shower\n <\/dt>\n
\n An area of frequent meteors appearing to originate in a particular part of the sky.\n <\/dd>\n
\n meteorite\n <\/dt>\n
\n Fragments of planetary bodies such as moons, planets, asteroids, and comets that strike Earth.\n <\/dd>\n
\n meteoroid\n <\/dt>\n
\n A small rock in interplanetary space that has not yet entered Earth’s atmosphere.\n <\/dd>\n
\n microbe\n <\/dt>\n
\n A microorganism.\n <\/dd>\n
\n microclimate\n <\/dt>\n
\n A local climate that is different from the regional climate.\n <\/dd>\n
\n microcontinent\n <\/dt>\n
\n A fragment of crust that is smaller than a continent.\n <\/dd>\n
\n microfossil\n <\/dt>\n
\n A fossil that must be studied with the aid of a microscope.\n <\/dd>\n
\n microwave\n <\/dt>\n
\n The shortest wavelength radio waves.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mid-latitude cyclone\n <\/dt>\n
\n A cyclone that forms in the middle latitudes at the polar front.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mid-ocean ridge\n <\/dt>\n
\n A large, continuous mountain range found within an ocean basin. It is the location on the seafloor where magma upwells and forms new seafloor.\n <\/dd>\n
\n Milankovitch cycles\n <\/dt>\n
\n Cycles adding up to variations of around 100,000 years regarding Earth\u2019s position relative to the Sun that affect global climate.\n <\/dd>\n
\n Milky Way Galaxy\n <\/dt>\n
\n The spiral galaxy in which Earth and our solar system reside.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mineral\n <\/dt>\n
\n A naturally occurring inorganic, crystalline solid with a characteristic chemical composition.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mineralogist\n <\/dt>\n
\n A scientist who studies minerals.\n <\/dd>\n
\n model\n <\/dt>\n
\n A representation of an object or system that is easier to study and manipulate.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mold\n <\/dt>\n
\n An impression made in sediments by the hard parts of an organism.\n <\/dd>\n
\n molecular mass\n <\/dt>\n
\n The mass of all the atoms in a molecule.\n <\/dd>\n
\n molecule\n <\/dt>\n
\n The smallest unit of a compound; it is made of atoms.\n <\/dd>\n
\n monocline\n <\/dt>\n
\n A bend in a set of rocks that causes them to be inclined relative to the horizontal.\n <\/dd>\n
\n monsoon\n <\/dt>\n
\n Hot land draws cool air off a nearby sea creating large winds and often rain.\n <\/dd>\n
\n moon\n <\/dt>\n
\n A celestial object that orbits a planet.\n <\/dd>\n
\n moraine\n <\/dt>\n
\n Linear deposit of unsorted, rocky material on, under, or left behind by glacial ice.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mountain breeze\n <\/dt>\n
\n A wind that blows from a mountain to a valley at night when mountain air is cooler.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mouth\n <\/dt>\n
\n Where a stream enters a larger body of water such as a lake or an ocean.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mudflow\n <\/dt>\n
\n Saturated soil that flows down river channels.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mutation\n <\/dt>\n
\n A change in the genetic makeup of a population of organisms that can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral.\n <\/dd>\n
\n mutualism\n <\/dt>\n
\n A symbiotic relationship between two species in which both species benefit.\n <\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n\n\t\t\t
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