{"id":1231,"date":"2020-01-30T04:55:59","date_gmt":"2020-01-30T04:55:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/coreqenglish1\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=1231"},"modified":"2025-02-10T16:47:45","modified_gmt":"2025-02-10T16:47:45","slug":"making-inferences","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/chapter\/making-inferences\/","title":{"raw":"Making Inferences","rendered":"Making Inferences"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Use analytical thinking to make inferences<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\nLet's start by talking about what an inference is.\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>Key Takeaway: Inference<\/h3>\r\n<strong>Inference<\/strong> is the process of drawing a conclusion based on evidence and reasoning rather than direct statements. Sometimes we need to infer the main idea of a passage, or figure out an implied thesis by carefully \"reading between the lines.\"\r\n\r\nInferring the main idea may be necessary when a passage does not state it explicitly, begins with a question without a direct answer, presents comparisons or contrasts, or uses satire. <strong>Satire<\/strong>, a form of humorous writing that relies on exaggeration, requires readers to recognize the specific details being scrutinized by the writer. This means that the reader will need to read analytically and pay close attention to specific parts of the text.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nSome thesis statements are <strong>explicit<\/strong>\u2014stated directly in the text itself. Others are <strong>implicit<\/strong>\u2014implied by the content but not written in one distinct sentence.\r\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\r\n<h3>Watch It<\/h3>\r\nThe following video describes the terms implicit and explicit and introduces the excellent idea of the reading voice and the thinking voice that strong readers use as they work through a text.\r\n\r\n<iframe src=\"\/\/plugin.3playmedia.com\/show?mf=1291627&amp;p3sdk_version=1.10.1&amp;p=20361&amp;pt=375&amp;video_id=eHjRogrFZ28&amp;video_target=tpm-plugin-0axjb0el-eHjRogrFZ28\" width=\"800px\" height=\"450px\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0px\" marginheight=\"0px\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe>\r\n\r\nYou can view the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/course-building\/English+Comp\/Transcripts\/ExplicitVersusImplicit_transcript.rtf\">transcript for \"explicit v implicit\" here (download).<\/a>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nWhen you are left to make inferences, you can check whether your inference is logical or not by asking these questions:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Is it based on words and sentences in the text?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Is it based more on the author\u2019s words than on your point of view?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Does it manage to avoid contradicting other statements made in the text?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Does it align with the author\u2019s attitude or tone about the topic?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Could it function as the thesis or topic sentence?<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\r\n<h3>Watch It<\/h3>\r\nThe video below offers several examples that show how we make inferences in different situations based on the available evidence. Pay close attention to the details that might lead us to a particular interpretation of meanings that are not directly stated. Also be sure to answer the two multiple choice questions that accompany the examples, and to listen carefully to the explanation for how we can arrive at an accurate understanding based on inference.\r\n\r\n<iframe src=\"https:\/\/owl.excelsior.edu\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=h5p_embed&amp;id=220\" width=\"637\" height=\"420\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><script src=\"https:\/\/owl.excelsior.edu\/wp-content\/plugins\/h5p\/h5p-php-library\/js\/h5p-resizer.js\" charset=\"UTF-8\"><\/script>\r\n\r\nYou can view the <a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/English+Comp\/Transcripts\/Inferencing2_transcript.txt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">transcript for \"Inferencing\" here (opens in new window)<\/a>.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>GLOSSARY<\/h3>\r\n<strong>implicit<\/strong>: a perspective that is implied without being stated directly in a single sentence\r\n\r\n<strong>explicit<\/strong>: a perspective that is directly stated in a single locatable sentence\r\n\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Use analytical thinking to make inferences<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Let&#8217;s start by talking about what an inference is.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Key Takeaway: Inference<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Inference<\/strong> is the process of drawing a conclusion based on evidence and reasoning rather than direct statements. Sometimes we need to infer the main idea of a passage, or figure out an implied thesis by carefully &#8220;reading between the lines.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Inferring the main idea may be necessary when a passage does not state it explicitly, begins with a question without a direct answer, presents comparisons or contrasts, or uses satire. <strong>Satire<\/strong>, a form of humorous writing that relies on exaggeration, requires readers to recognize the specific details being scrutinized by the writer. This means that the reader will need to read analytically and pay close attention to specific parts of the text.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Some thesis statements are <strong>explicit<\/strong>\u2014stated directly in the text itself. Others are <strong>implicit<\/strong>\u2014implied by the content but not written in one distinct sentence.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>Watch It<\/h3>\n<p>The following video describes the terms implicit and explicit and introduces the excellent idea of the reading voice and the thinking voice that strong readers use as they work through a text.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/plugin.3playmedia.com\/show?mf=1291627&amp;p3sdk_version=1.10.1&amp;p=20361&amp;pt=375&amp;video_id=eHjRogrFZ28&amp;video_target=tpm-plugin-0axjb0el-eHjRogrFZ28\" width=\"800px\" height=\"450px\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0px\" marginheight=\"0px\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>You can view the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/course-building\/English+Comp\/Transcripts\/ExplicitVersusImplicit_transcript.rtf\">transcript for &#8220;explicit v implicit&#8221; here (download).<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>When you are left to make inferences, you can check whether your inference is logical or not by asking these questions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Is it based on words and sentences in the text?<\/li>\n<li>Is it based more on the author\u2019s words than on your point of view?<\/li>\n<li>Does it manage to avoid contradicting other statements made in the text?<\/li>\n<li>Does it align with the author\u2019s attitude or tone about the topic?<\/li>\n<li>Could it function as the thesis or topic sentence?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>Watch It<\/h3>\n<p>The video below offers several examples that show how we make inferences in different situations based on the available evidence. Pay close attention to the details that might lead us to a particular interpretation of meanings that are not directly stated. Also be sure to answer the two multiple choice questions that accompany the examples, and to listen carefully to the explanation for how we can arrive at an accurate understanding based on inference.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/owl.excelsior.edu\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=h5p_embed&amp;id=220\" width=\"637\" height=\"420\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><script src=\"https:\/\/owl.excelsior.edu\/wp-content\/plugins\/h5p\/h5p-php-library\/js\/h5p-resizer.js\" charset=\"UTF-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>You can view the <a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/English+Comp\/Transcripts\/Inferencing2_transcript.txt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">transcript for &#8220;Inferencing&#8221; here (opens in new window)<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>GLOSSARY<\/h3>\n<p><strong>implicit<\/strong>: a perspective that is implied without being stated directly in a single sentence<\/p>\n<p><strong>explicit<\/strong>: a perspective that is directly stated in a single locatable sentence<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-1231\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Original<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Modification, adaptation, and original content. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Inferencing. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Excelsior Online Reading Lab. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/owl.excelsior.edu\/orc\/what-to-do-while-reading\/inferencing\/\">https:\/\/owl.excelsior.edu\/orc\/what-to-do-while-reading\/inferencing\/<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">All rights reserved content<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>explicit v implicit. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Michele Armentrout. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/eHjRogrFZ28\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/eHjRogrFZ28<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em>All Rights Reserved<\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: Standard YouTube License<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":29,"menu_order":8,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Inferencing\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Excelsior Online Reading Lab\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/owl.excelsior.edu\/orc\/what-to-do-while-reading\/inferencing\/\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"copyrighted_video\",\"description\":\"explicit v implicit\",\"author\":\"Michele Armentrout\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/eHjRogrFZ28\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"arr\",\"license_terms\":\"Standard YouTube License\"},{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"Modification, adaptation, and original content\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Lumen Learning\",\"url\":\"\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"f5fccb64-b23d-4d79-ae96-077249b05f75, 61c7e743-cb5d-462d-a548-f68b46f453d5","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-1231","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":74,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1231","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"version-history":[{"count":30,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1231\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6199,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1231\/revisions\/6199"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/74"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1231\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1231"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=1231"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=1231"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=1231"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}