{"id":3123,"date":"2020-04-03T15:56:03","date_gmt":"2020-04-03T15:56:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/coreqenglish1\/chapter\/text-creating-mla-citations\/"},"modified":"2025-02-27T18:50:15","modified_gmt":"2025-02-27T18:50:15","slug":"text-creating-mla-citations","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/chapter\/text-creating-mla-citations\/","title":{"raw":"MLA In-Text Citations","rendered":"MLA In-Text Citations"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"font-size: 0.9em;\">Successfully identify<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 0.9em;\">\u00a0the components of MLA in-text citations<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>MLA Citations in the Body of Your Paper<\/h2>\r\nMLA citations follow specific conventions that distinguish them from other styles. In-text citations are also sometimes known as \u201cparenthetical citations\u201d because they are enclosed in parentheses. The author\u2019s last name and the page number(s) from which the quotation or paraphrase is taken must appear in parentheses at the end of the sentence. For example:\r\n<div class=\"purple-example \">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li class=\"example\">At the end of the day, Wilbur made \u201cin excess of half a million dollars\u201d (Marx 43).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_1082\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"345\"]<img class=\"wp-image-1082\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/107\/2016\/07\/25144054\/aid2522491-900px-Cite-an-Essay-Step-3-Version-2.jpg\" alt=\"Sample of text showing an in-text citation with the author's last name and page numbers inside parenthesis at the end of the sentence.\" width=\"345\" height=\"259\" \/> <strong>Figure 1<\/strong>. Include the right information in the in-text citation. Every time you reference material in your paper, you must tell the reader the name of the author whose information you are citing. You must include a page number that tells the reader where, in the source, they can find this information. The most basic structure for an in-text citation looks like this: (Smith 123).[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nThe following table provides more detailed information about in-text citations in MLA.\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>Key Takeaway: In-text Citations in MLA<\/h3>\r\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"5\">\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th><strong>Citation Type<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th><strong>Guidance<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th><strong>Example<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Single Author<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>List the last name of the author, followed by the page number.<\/td>\r\n<td>According to some experts, Marx used \u201cclass\u201d in \u201ctwo different ways\u201d (Calvert 11).<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Two Authors<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>If two authors write one source, separate their last names with 'and.' List names in the order they appear in the published work.<\/td>\r\n<td>Marx used \u201cclass\u201d in \u201ctwo different ways\u201d (Calvert and Sennett 11).<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Three or More Authors<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>Include the first author\u2019s name followed by 'et al.'<\/td>\r\n<td>Marx used \u201cclass\u201d in \u201ctwo different ways\u201d (Calvert et al. 11).<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Multiple Works by the Same Author<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>Include shortened titles for the works to distinguish them.<\/td>\r\n<td>Obama has argued that the invasion was a bad idea (\u201cToo Soon\u201d 42), though he has acknowledged elsewhere that it led to much good (\u201cA Stronger Country\u201d 13).<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Multiple Sources<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>Separate citations with a semicolon; order does not need to be alphabetical.<\/td>\r\n<td>The importance of family bonds and connections is immeasurable (Pickens 21; Bulmore 68).<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>No Page Numbers<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>Omit page numbers if the work does not include them.<\/td>\r\n<td>Marx used \u201cclass\u201d in \u201ctwo different ways\u201d (Calvert).<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Anonymous or Unknown Author<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td>Use an abbreviated version of the work\u2019s title if the author is unknown.<\/td>\r\n<td>An anonymous source claimed that the Iraq invasion was a bad idea from the beginning (\u201cBush Cannot Win\u201d 104).<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<strong>Note:<\/strong> If you use the name of the author to set up your quote or paraphrase, you mention the author\u2019s name in the sentence and then only put the page number in the parentheses at the end of the sentence.\r\n<div class=\"purple-example \">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li class=\"example\">According to Marx, Wilbur made \u201cin excess of half a million dollars\u201d (43).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\r\n<h3>Examples: Common MLA Citation errors<\/h3>\r\n<p data-start=\"124\" data-end=\"156\"><strong data-start=\"128\" data-end=\"156\">Example 1:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"157\" data-end=\"256\"><strong data-start=\"159\" data-end=\"173\">Incorrect: <\/strong>Shakespeare's work is considered timeless (William Shakespeare, <em data-start=\"240\" data-end=\"248\">Hamlet<\/em>, 57).\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"157\" data-end=\"256\">In MLA format, do not include the author's full name in the in-text citation if it is already clear from the context. Also, only the title of the work (if needed) and the page number should be inside the parentheses.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"258\" data-end=\"333\"><strong data-start=\"260\" data-end=\"272\">Correct: <\/strong>Shakespeare's work is considered timeless (<em data-start=\"318\" data-end=\"326\">Hamlet<\/em> 57).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"578\" data-end=\"634\"><strong>Example 2:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"635\" data-end=\"734\"><strong data-start=\"637\" data-end=\"651\">Incorrect: <\/strong>Social media has significantly altered communication dynamics (Johnson, 2021).\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>MLA in-text citations do not use years. Since websites often lack page numbers, you only include the author's last name in the citation.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"736\" data-end=\"827\"><strong data-start=\"738\" data-end=\"750\">Correct: <\/strong>Social media has significantly altered communication dynamics (Johnson).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong style=\"font-size: 1rem; orphans: 1; text-align: initial;\">Example 3:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1023\" data-end=\"1132\"><strong data-start=\"1025\" data-end=\"1039\">Incorrect: <\/strong>The study found that students perform better with structured schedules (Smith &amp; Lee 98).\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1245\" data-end=\"1330\">In MLA, use <strong data-start=\"1277\" data-end=\"1286\">\"and\"<\/strong> instead of <strong data-start=\"1298\" data-end=\"1305\">\"&amp;\"<\/strong> when citing a source with two authors.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1134\" data-end=\"1243\"><strong data-start=\"1136\" data-end=\"1148\">Correct: <\/strong>The study found that students perform better with structured schedules (Smith and Lee 98).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p data-start=\"1337\" data-end=\"1377\"><strong>Example 4:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1378\" data-end=\"1476\"><strong data-start=\"1380\" data-end=\"1394\">Incorrect: <\/strong>Team-based learning improves retention rates (Garcia, Patel, and Nguyen 213).\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1378\" data-end=\"1476\">When citing a source with three or more authors, include only the first author\u2019s last name followed by <strong data-start=\"1687\" data-end=\"1699\">\"et al.\"<\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-start=\"1478\" data-end=\"1562\"><strong data-start=\"1480\" data-end=\"1492\">Correct: <\/strong>Team-based learning improves retention rates (Garcia et al. 213).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\nIt\u2019s important to remember, in MLA style, each citation in your text must have a complete bibliographic entry in your Works Cited page, so, if readers want to go to the original source, they can!\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_1645\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"888\"]<img class=\"wp-image-1645 \" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/107\/2016\/08\/11171352\/MLA-graphic-v9.jpg\" alt=\"Graphic showing when and how to create MLA In-text citations. If it is your own work, you do not need a citation. Otherwise, you need to look for the author's name (or title if there is no author name), and then the page number(s). Put the author's name and page number in parentheses at the end of the sentence, before the period, like: (Wilson 38).\" width=\"888\" height=\"1049\" \/> <strong>Figure 2<\/strong>. Follow the trail on the infographic to determine what needs to be included in your in-text citation.[\/caption]\r\n<h2>When to Use a Block Quotation<\/h2>\r\nA typical quotation is enclosed in double quotation marks and is part of a sentence within a paragraph of your paper. However, if you want to quote more than four lines of prose (or three lines of poetry) from a source, you should format the excerpt as a block quotation, rather than as a regular quotation within the text of a paragraph. Most of the standard rules for quotations still apply, with the following exceptions: a block quotation will begin on its own line, it will not be enclosed in quotation marks, and its in-text citation will come after the ending punctuation, not before it.\r\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\r\n<h3>Example: Block quotes<\/h3>\r\nFor example, if you wanted to quote the entire first paragraph of Lewis Carroll's <em>Alice in Wonderland<\/em>, you would begin that quotation on its own line and format it as follows:\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">Alice was beginning to get very tired of sitting by her sister on the bank, and of having nothing to do: once or twice\u00a0she\u00a0had peeped into the book her sister was reading, but it had no pictures or conversations in it, \"and what is the\u00a0use of a\u00a0book,\" thought Alice, \"without pictures or conversations?\" (Carroll 98)<\/p>\r\nThe full reference for this source would then be included in your Works Cited section at the end of your paper.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nThe entire block quotation should be indented one inch from the left margin (double the normal paragraph indentation). The first line of the excerpt should not be further indented unless you are quoting multiple paragraphs\u2014in which case the first line of each quoted paragraph should be further indented 0.25 inches. As should the rest of your paper, a block quotation in MLA style should be double-spaced.\r\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\r\n<h3>Link to learning<\/h3>\r\nWatch <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=OvDzIkha1JI\">this video<\/a> from Imagine Easy Solutions for more information on formatting block quotations.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\r\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\r\nCheck your understanding of appropriate in-text citations in the activity below.\r\n\r\n[embed]https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1290982264091770218\/embed[\/embed]\r\n\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 0.9em;\">Successfully identify<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 0.9em;\">\u00a0the components of MLA in-text citations<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2>MLA Citations in the Body of Your Paper<\/h2>\n<p>MLA citations follow specific conventions that distinguish them from other styles. In-text citations are also sometimes known as \u201cparenthetical citations\u201d because they are enclosed in parentheses. The author\u2019s last name and the page number(s) from which the quotation or paraphrase is taken must appear in parentheses at the end of the sentence. For example:<\/p>\n<div class=\"purple-example\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"example\">At the end of the day, Wilbur made \u201cin excess of half a million dollars\u201d (Marx 43).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_1082\" style=\"width: 355px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1082\" class=\"wp-image-1082\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/107\/2016\/07\/25144054\/aid2522491-900px-Cite-an-Essay-Step-3-Version-2.jpg\" alt=\"Sample of text showing an in-text citation with the author's last name and page numbers inside parenthesis at the end of the sentence.\" width=\"345\" height=\"259\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-1082\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 1<\/strong>. Include the right information in the in-text citation. Every time you reference material in your paper, you must tell the reader the name of the author whose information you are citing. You must include a page number that tells the reader where, in the source, they can find this information. The most basic structure for an in-text citation looks like this: (Smith 123).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>The following table provides more detailed information about in-text citations in MLA.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Key Takeaway: In-text Citations in MLA<\/h3>\n<table cellpadding=\"5\" style=\"border-spacing: 0px;\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>Citation Type<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>Guidance<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>Example<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Single Author<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>List the last name of the author, followed by the page number.<\/td>\n<td>According to some experts, Marx used \u201cclass\u201d in \u201ctwo different ways\u201d (Calvert 11).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Two Authors<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>If two authors write one source, separate their last names with &#8216;and.&#8217; List names in the order they appear in the published work.<\/td>\n<td>Marx used \u201cclass\u201d in \u201ctwo different ways\u201d (Calvert and Sennett 11).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Three or More Authors<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Include the first author\u2019s name followed by &#8216;et al.&#8217;<\/td>\n<td>Marx used \u201cclass\u201d in \u201ctwo different ways\u201d (Calvert et al. 11).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Multiple Works by the Same Author<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Include shortened titles for the works to distinguish them.<\/td>\n<td>Obama has argued that the invasion was a bad idea (\u201cToo Soon\u201d 42), though he has acknowledged elsewhere that it led to much good (\u201cA Stronger Country\u201d 13).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Multiple Sources<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Separate citations with a semicolon; order does not need to be alphabetical.<\/td>\n<td>The importance of family bonds and connections is immeasurable (Pickens 21; Bulmore 68).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>No Page Numbers<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Omit page numbers if the work does not include them.<\/td>\n<td>Marx used \u201cclass\u201d in \u201ctwo different ways\u201d (Calvert).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Anonymous or Unknown Author<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Use an abbreviated version of the work\u2019s title if the author is unknown.<\/td>\n<td>An anonymous source claimed that the Iraq invasion was a bad idea from the beginning (\u201cBush Cannot Win\u201d 104).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Note:<\/strong> If you use the name of the author to set up your quote or paraphrase, you mention the author\u2019s name in the sentence and then only put the page number in the parentheses at the end of the sentence.<\/p>\n<div class=\"purple-example\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"example\">According to Marx, Wilbur made \u201cin excess of half a million dollars\u201d (43).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\n<h3>Examples: Common MLA Citation errors<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"124\" data-end=\"156\"><strong data-start=\"128\" data-end=\"156\">Example 1:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"157\" data-end=\"256\"><strong data-start=\"159\" data-end=\"173\">Incorrect: <\/strong>Shakespeare&#8217;s work is considered timeless (William Shakespeare, <em data-start=\"240\" data-end=\"248\">Hamlet<\/em>, 57).\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"157\" data-end=\"256\">In MLA format, do not include the author&#8217;s full name in the in-text citation if it is already clear from the context. Also, only the title of the work (if needed) and the page number should be inside the parentheses.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"258\" data-end=\"333\"><strong data-start=\"260\" data-end=\"272\">Correct: <\/strong>Shakespeare&#8217;s work is considered timeless (<em data-start=\"318\" data-end=\"326\">Hamlet<\/em> 57).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"578\" data-end=\"634\"><strong>Example 2:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"635\" data-end=\"734\"><strong data-start=\"637\" data-end=\"651\">Incorrect: <\/strong>Social media has significantly altered communication dynamics (Johnson, 2021).\n<ul>\n<li>MLA in-text citations do not use years. Since websites often lack page numbers, you only include the author&#8217;s last name in the citation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"736\" data-end=\"827\"><strong data-start=\"738\" data-end=\"750\">Correct: <\/strong>Social media has significantly altered communication dynamics (Johnson).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong style=\"font-size: 1rem; orphans: 1; text-align: initial;\">Example 3:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"1023\" data-end=\"1132\"><strong data-start=\"1025\" data-end=\"1039\">Incorrect: <\/strong>The study found that students perform better with structured schedules (Smith &amp; Lee 98).\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"1245\" data-end=\"1330\">In MLA, use <strong data-start=\"1277\" data-end=\"1286\">&#8220;and&#8221;<\/strong> instead of <strong data-start=\"1298\" data-end=\"1305\">&#8220;&amp;&#8221;<\/strong> when citing a source with two authors.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1134\" data-end=\"1243\"><strong data-start=\"1136\" data-end=\"1148\">Correct: <\/strong>The study found that students perform better with structured schedules (Smith and Lee 98).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1337\" data-end=\"1377\"><strong>Example 4:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"1378\" data-end=\"1476\"><strong data-start=\"1380\" data-end=\"1394\">Incorrect: <\/strong>Team-based learning improves retention rates (Garcia, Patel, and Nguyen 213).\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"1378\" data-end=\"1476\">When citing a source with three or more authors, include only the first author\u2019s last name followed by <strong data-start=\"1687\" data-end=\"1699\">&#8220;et al.&#8221;<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1478\" data-end=\"1562\"><strong data-start=\"1480\" data-end=\"1492\">Correct: <\/strong>Team-based learning improves retention rates (Garcia et al. 213).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>It\u2019s important to remember, in MLA style, each citation in your text must have a complete bibliographic entry in your Works Cited page, so, if readers want to go to the original source, they can!<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1645\" style=\"width: 898px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1645\" class=\"wp-image-1645\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/107\/2016\/08\/11171352\/MLA-graphic-v9.jpg\" alt=\"Graphic showing when and how to create MLA In-text citations. If it is your own work, you do not need a citation. Otherwise, you need to look for the author's name (or title if there is no author name), and then the page number(s). Put the author's name and page number in parentheses at the end of the sentence, before the period, like: (Wilson 38).\" width=\"888\" height=\"1049\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-1645\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 2<\/strong>. Follow the trail on the infographic to determine what needs to be included in your in-text citation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>When to Use a Block Quotation<\/h2>\n<p>A typical quotation is enclosed in double quotation marks and is part of a sentence within a paragraph of your paper. However, if you want to quote more than four lines of prose (or three lines of poetry) from a source, you should format the excerpt as a block quotation, rather than as a regular quotation within the text of a paragraph. Most of the standard rules for quotations still apply, with the following exceptions: a block quotation will begin on its own line, it will not be enclosed in quotation marks, and its in-text citation will come after the ending punctuation, not before it.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\n<h3>Example: Block quotes<\/h3>\n<p>For example, if you wanted to quote the entire first paragraph of Lewis Carroll&#8217;s <em>Alice in Wonderland<\/em>, you would begin that quotation on its own line and format it as follows:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">Alice was beginning to get very tired of sitting by her sister on the bank, and of having nothing to do: once or twice\u00a0she\u00a0had peeped into the book her sister was reading, but it had no pictures or conversations in it, &#8220;and what is the\u00a0use of a\u00a0book,&#8221; thought Alice, &#8220;without pictures or conversations?&#8221; (Carroll 98)<\/p>\n<p>The full reference for this source would then be included in your Works Cited section at the end of your paper.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>The entire block quotation should be indented one inch from the left margin (double the normal paragraph indentation). The first line of the excerpt should not be further indented unless you are quoting multiple paragraphs\u2014in which case the first line of each quoted paragraph should be further indented 0.25 inches. As should the rest of your paper, a block quotation in MLA style should be double-spaced.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>Link to learning<\/h3>\n<p>Watch <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=OvDzIkha1JI\">this video<\/a> from Imagine Easy Solutions for more information on formatting block quotations.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<p>Check your understanding of appropriate in-text citations in the activity below.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"resizable\" src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1290982264091770218\/embed\" frameborder=\"0\" width=\"500\" height=\"750\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-3123\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Original<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Revision and Adaptation. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>MLA In-text citations. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Excelsior College Online Writing Lab. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/owl.excelsior.edu\/citation-and-documentation\/mla-style\/mla-in-text-citations\/\">https:\/\/owl.excelsior.edu\/citation-and-documentation\/mla-style\/mla-in-text-citations\/<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: Standard YouTube License<\/li><li>MLA: Block Quotations. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Catherine McCarthy. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Boundless. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boundless.com\/writing\/textbooks\/boundless-writing-textbook\/writing-a-paper-in-mla-style-humanities-255\/mla-structure-and-formatting-of-specific-elements-302\/mla-block-quotations-310-16896\/\">https:\/\/www.boundless.com\/writing\/textbooks\/boundless-writing-textbook\/writing-a-paper-in-mla-style-humanities-255\/mla-structure-and-formatting-of-specific-elements-302\/mla-block-quotations-310-16896\/<\/a>. <strong>Project<\/strong>: Boundless Writing. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Formatting In-text Citations (MLA). <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Jennifer Yirinec and Lauren Cutlip. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" 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