{"id":60,"date":"2019-12-07T11:35:57","date_gmt":"2019-12-07T11:35:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/coreqenglish1\/chapter\/possessives\/"},"modified":"2025-02-04T18:27:18","modified_gmt":"2025-02-04T18:27:18","slug":"when-to-use-apostrophes","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/chapter\/when-to-use-apostrophes\/","title":{"raw":"When to Use Apostrophes","rendered":"When to Use Apostrophes"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Demonstrate the standard uses of apostrophes to show possession<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Demonstrate the standard uses of apostrophes in contractions<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\nWith possessives, the apostrophe is used in combination with an s to indicate that a word literally or conceptually possesses what follows it.\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\"><strong>PRO TIP:<\/strong> The easy way to think about this is to use the \u201cof\u201d test. Try rewording the sentence and substituting the apostrophe with the word of.<\/div>\r\n<h2>Singular Possessives<\/h2>\r\nSingular words, whether or not they end in s, are made possessive by adding an apostrophe + s.\r\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\r\n<h3>Examples: possessives<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>a student\u2019s paper = the paper of a student<\/li>\r\n \t<li>one hour\u2019s passing = the passing of one hour<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Illinois\u2019s law or Illinois\u2019 law = the law of Illinois<\/li>\r\n \t<li>their professor\u2019s office = the office of their professor (just one!)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"mceTemp\"><\/div>\r\nIf you just mean to make a word plural, you should not add an apostrophe.\r\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\r\n<h3>Example: Incorrect use of Apostrophes<\/h3>\r\nHere is an example of incorrect usage:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">The student\u2019s planned to buy their books but played Xbox instead.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nHere, you would not use an apostrophe because there is no ownership being established. You can double-check this example and see that this use of the apostrophe would not pass the \u201cof\u201d test:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">The planned of the students just does not make sense.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nThe sentence above would not pass the test and should read as follows:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">The students planned to buy their books but played Xbox instead.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_1758\" align=\"alignright\" width=\"200\"]<img class=\"wp-image-1758\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/85\/2016\/05\/04170603\/apostrophe-968x1024.png\" alt=\"Appropriate alternative text for this image can be found in the caption.\" width=\"200\" height=\"212\" \/> <strong>Figure 1<\/strong>. An apostrophe.[\/caption]\r\n<h2>Plural Possessives<\/h2>\r\nFor plural words, we typically indicate possession simply by adding the apostrophe without an additional s. However, for a plural that does not end in an s (e.g., bacteria), we would add an apostrophe + s.\r\n\r\nPossessive forms of plural words can sometimes be confusing because we often add <em>s<\/em> to make a noun plural. With all those <em>s\u2019s<\/em>, it may seem overwhelming, but the rules are actually quite simple:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>To make plural nouns that do not end in <strong><em>s<\/em><\/strong> possessive, add <strong>\u2019s<\/strong>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>To make plural nouns that end in <strong><em>s<\/em><\/strong> possessive, add just the apostrophe.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\r\n<h3>Examples: Plural Possessives<\/h3>\r\nPlurals not ending in <strong><em>s<\/em><\/strong>:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>the mice\u2019s footprints<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The children\u2019s playground = the playground used by children<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The alumni\u2019s reunion = the reunion attended by the alumni<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nPlurals ending in <strong><em>s<\/em><\/strong>:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>my cats\u2019 treasures<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">interviewees\u2019 answers = the answers of the interviewees (multiple)<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">their professors\u2019 office = the office of their professors (an office shared by two or more of their professors)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\nWriters sometimes mistakenly add apostrophes to make words plural, but this is not how the apostrophe is used; the apostrophe is used to show possession or ownership.\r\n\r\nNow try applying these apostrophe rules yourself.\r\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\r\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\r\nTake a minute to test your knowledge about apostrophes.\r\n\r\n[embed]https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1290906739311587408\/embed[\/embed]\r\n\r\n<iframe src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1292085783298680608\/embed\" width=\"1089\" height=\"638\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" aria-label=\"Apostrophe 1\"><\/iframe>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>Contractions<\/h2>\r\nA contraction is a shortened phrase. \"He will\" becomes \"he\u2019ll\", \"are not\" becomes \"aren\u2019t\", \"would have\" becomes \"would\u2019ve\", and \"it is\" becomes \"it\u2019s\". In all of these cases, the apostrophe stands in for the missing letters.\r\n\r\nYou may find yourself being steered away from using contractions in your papers. Some feel that contractions are stylistically inappropriate in formal writing.\u00a0Follow your teacher\u2019s preference, but keep in mind that leaving out contractions can often make your words sound too formal and stilted.\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>To Apostrophe or not to apostrophe<\/h3>\r\n<h2>Possessive pronouns\u00a0vs.\u00a0contractions<\/h2>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>your vs. you\u2019re<\/li>\r\n \t<li>its vs. it\u2019s<\/li>\r\n \t<li>their vs. they\u2019re<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nAll three of these pairs are the same kind of pair: a possessive pronoun and a contracted version of a pronoun + to be (you\u2019re = you are; it\u2019s = it is; they\u2019re = they are). These are easy to mix up (especially its\/it\u2019s) because\u2014as we\u2019ve learned\u2014an apostrophe + s indicates possession. The best way to use these correctly is to try replacing the word with the expanded version of the contraction.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>I think it\u2019s going to rain \u2192 I think it is going to rain.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>It\u2019s always means it is.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nIf the word can be replaced by two words (it\u2019s\u00a0\u2192 it is) then it is a contraction, and it needs an apostrophe (remember, the apostrophe is there to replace the missing letters).\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>I don\u2019t want to go to your play \u2192\u00a0I don\u2019t want to go to you are play.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nIf the word cannot be replaced by two words (your\u00a0\u2192 you are) then it does not need an apostrophe.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>You\u2019re always means you are.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nAnd if you are not sure, you can always avoid <em>you\u2019re<\/em> and <em>it\u2019s<\/em> without sounding stilted. You are always able to avoid certain words; it is not that hard to do!\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\r\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\r\n<iframe src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1292085783827580428\/embed\" width=\"1089\" height=\"638\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" aria-label=\"Apostrophe 2\"><\/iframe><script src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/js\/h5p-resizer.js\" charset=\"UTF-8\"><\/script>\r\n\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Demonstrate the standard uses of apostrophes to show possession<\/li>\n<li>Demonstrate the standard uses of apostrophes in contractions<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>With possessives, the apostrophe is used in combination with an s to indicate that a word literally or conceptually possesses what follows it.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\"><strong>PRO TIP:<\/strong> The easy way to think about this is to use the \u201cof\u201d test. Try rewording the sentence and substituting the apostrophe with the word of.<\/div>\n<h2>Singular Possessives<\/h2>\n<p>Singular words, whether or not they end in s, are made possessive by adding an apostrophe + s.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\n<h3>Examples: possessives<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>a student\u2019s paper = the paper of a student<\/li>\n<li>one hour\u2019s passing = the passing of one hour<\/li>\n<li>Illinois\u2019s law or Illinois\u2019 law = the law of Illinois<\/li>\n<li>their professor\u2019s office = the office of their professor (just one!)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mceTemp\"><\/div>\n<p>If you just mean to make a word plural, you should not add an apostrophe.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\n<h3>Example: Incorrect use of Apostrophes<\/h3>\n<p>Here is an example of incorrect usage:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">The student\u2019s planned to buy their books but played Xbox instead.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Here, you would not use an apostrophe because there is no ownership being established. You can double-check this example and see that this use of the apostrophe would not pass the \u201cof\u201d test:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">The planned of the students just does not make sense.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The sentence above would not pass the test and should read as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">The students planned to buy their books but played Xbox instead.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_1758\" style=\"width: 210px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1758\" class=\"wp-image-1758\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/85\/2016\/05\/04170603\/apostrophe-968x1024.png\" alt=\"Appropriate alternative text for this image can be found in the caption.\" width=\"200\" height=\"212\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-1758\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 1<\/strong>. An apostrophe.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Plural Possessives<\/h2>\n<p>For plural words, we typically indicate possession simply by adding the apostrophe without an additional s. However, for a plural that does not end in an s (e.g., bacteria), we would add an apostrophe + s.<\/p>\n<p>Possessive forms of plural words can sometimes be confusing because we often add <em>s<\/em> to make a noun plural. With all those <em>s\u2019s<\/em>, it may seem overwhelming, but the rules are actually quite simple:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>To make plural nouns that do not end in <strong><em>s<\/em><\/strong> possessive, add <strong>\u2019s<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>To make plural nouns that end in <strong><em>s<\/em><\/strong> possessive, add just the apostrophe.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\n<h3>Examples: Plural Possessives<\/h3>\n<p>Plurals not ending in <strong><em>s<\/em><\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>the mice\u2019s footprints<\/li>\n<li>The children\u2019s playground = the playground used by children<\/li>\n<li>The alumni\u2019s reunion = the reunion attended by the alumni<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Plurals ending in <strong><em>s<\/em><\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>my cats\u2019 treasures<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">interviewees\u2019 answers = the answers of the interviewees (multiple)<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">their professors\u2019 office = the office of their professors (an office shared by two or more of their professors)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Writers sometimes mistakenly add apostrophes to make words plural, but this is not how the apostrophe is used; the apostrophe is used to show possession or ownership.<\/p>\n<p>Now try applying these apostrophe rules yourself.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<p>Take a minute to test your knowledge about apostrophes.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"resizable\" src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1290906739311587408\/embed\" frameborder=\"0\" width=\"500\" height=\"750\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1292085783298680608\/embed\" width=\"1089\" height=\"638\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" aria-label=\"Apostrophe 1\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Contractions<\/h2>\n<p>A contraction is a shortened phrase. &#8220;He will&#8221; becomes &#8220;he\u2019ll&#8221;, &#8220;are not&#8221; becomes &#8220;aren\u2019t&#8221;, &#8220;would have&#8221; becomes &#8220;would\u2019ve&#8221;, and &#8220;it is&#8221; becomes &#8220;it\u2019s&#8221;. In all of these cases, the apostrophe stands in for the missing letters.<\/p>\n<p>You may find yourself being steered away from using contractions in your papers. Some feel that contractions are stylistically inappropriate in formal writing.\u00a0Follow your teacher\u2019s preference, but keep in mind that leaving out contractions can often make your words sound too formal and stilted.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>To Apostrophe or not to apostrophe<\/h3>\n<h2>Possessive pronouns\u00a0vs.\u00a0contractions<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>your vs. you\u2019re<\/li>\n<li>its vs. it\u2019s<\/li>\n<li>their vs. they\u2019re<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>All three of these pairs are the same kind of pair: a possessive pronoun and a contracted version of a pronoun + to be (you\u2019re = you are; it\u2019s = it is; they\u2019re = they are). These are easy to mix up (especially its\/it\u2019s) because\u2014as we\u2019ve learned\u2014an apostrophe + s indicates possession. The best way to use these correctly is to try replacing the word with the expanded version of the contraction.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>I think it\u2019s going to rain \u2192 I think it is going to rain.<\/li>\n<li>It\u2019s always means it is.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If the word can be replaced by two words (it\u2019s\u00a0\u2192 it is) then it is a contraction, and it needs an apostrophe (remember, the apostrophe is there to replace the missing letters).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>I don\u2019t want to go to your play \u2192\u00a0I don\u2019t want to go to you are play.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If the word cannot be replaced by two words (your\u00a0\u2192 you are) then it does not need an apostrophe.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>You\u2019re always means you are.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>And if you are not sure, you can always avoid <em>you\u2019re<\/em> and <em>it\u2019s<\/em> without sounding stilted. You are always able to avoid certain words; it is not that hard to do!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1292085783827580428\/embed\" width=\"1089\" height=\"638\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" aria-label=\"Apostrophe 2\"><\/iframe><script src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/js\/h5p-resizer.js\" charset=\"UTF-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-60\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Original<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Revision and Adaptation. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Quotation Practice Activity. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: University of Mississippi. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Apostrophe icon. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Possessive Apostrophe Practice Interactive. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Bob Danielson for Lumen Learning. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Apostrophe Practice Interactive . <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Bob Danielson for Lumen Learning. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Style For Students Online . <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Joe Schall. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: The Pennsylvania State University. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.e-education.psu.edu\/styleforstudents\/\">https:\/\/www.e-education.psu.edu\/styleforstudents\/<\/a>. <strong>Project<\/strong>: Penn State&#039;s College of Earth and Mineral Sciences&#039; OER Initiative. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Excelsior OWL: Apostrophes . <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Excelsior College. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/owl.excelsior.edu\/grammar-essentials\/punctuation\/apostrophes\/\">http:\/\/owl.excelsior.edu\/grammar-essentials\/punctuation\/apostrophes\/<\/a>. <strong>Project<\/strong>: Grammar Essentials. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC: Attribution-NonCommercial<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":29,"menu_order":7,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"Revision and Adaptation\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Lumen Learning\",\"url\":\"\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"Quotation Practice Activity\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"University of Mississippi\",\"url\":\"\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Style For Students Online \",\"author\":\"Joe Schall\",\"organization\":\"The Pennsylvania State University\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.e-education.psu.edu\/styleforstudents\/\",\"project\":\"Penn State\\'s College of Earth and Mineral Sciences\\' OER Initiative\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Excelsior OWL: Apostrophes \",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Excelsior College\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/owl.excelsior.edu\/grammar-essentials\/punctuation\/apostrophes\/\",\"project\":\"Grammar Essentials\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"Apostrophe icon\",\"author\":\"Lumen Learning\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"Possessive Apostrophe Practice Interactive\",\"author\":\"Bob Danielson for Lumen Learning\",\"organization\":\"Lumen Learning\",\"url\":\"\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"Apostrophe Practice Interactive \",\"author\":\"Bob Danielson for Lumen Learning\",\"organization\":\"Lumen Learning\",\"url\":\"\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"689a7bba-54a5-426b-96d6-d2854ac1d967, 2fe2b20f-33fc-4860-8b16-7615de377450, 7834cdac-c6ee-4a6b-8f3a-8c0f0afc3c49","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-60","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":57,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/60","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/60\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6142,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/60\/revisions\/6142"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/57"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/60\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=60"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=60"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=60"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}