{"id":71,"date":"2019-12-07T11:35:58","date_gmt":"2019-12-07T11:35:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/coreqenglish1\/chapter\/run-on-sentences\/"},"modified":"2024-04-25T17:06:34","modified_gmt":"2024-04-25T17:06:34","slug":"run-on-sentences","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/chapter\/run-on-sentences\/","title":{"raw":"Run-on Sentences","rendered":"Run-on Sentences"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Recognize run-on sentences<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Revise for run-on sentences<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\nRun-on sentences occur when two or more independent clauses are improperly joined. Often, in a run-on sentence, the independent clauses are simply joined without any punctuation or a coordinating conjunction. Another type of run-on that you\u2019ve probably heard of is the <em>comma splice<\/em>, in which two independent clauses are joined by a comma without a coordinating conjunction (<em>and<\/em>, <em>or<\/em>, <em>but<\/em>, etc.).\r\n\r\nLet\u2019s look at a few examples of run-on sentences:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Often, choosing a topic for a paper is the hardest part it\u2019s a lot easier after that.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Sometimes, books do not have the most complete information, it is a good idea then to look for articles in specialized periodicals.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>She loves skiing but he doesn\u2019t.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nAll three of these have two independent clauses. Each clause should be separated from another with a period, a semicolon, or a comma and a coordinating conjunction (remember, FANBOYS):\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Often, choosing a topic for a paper is the hardest part. It\u2019s a lot easier after that.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Sometimes, books do not have the most complete information; it is a good idea then to look for articles in specialized periodicals.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>She loves skiing, but he doesn\u2019t.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nA run-on sentence should not just be defined as a sentence that goes on and on. Not every long sentence is a run-on sentence. For example, look at this quote from <em>The Great Gatsby<\/em>:\r\n<blockquote>\r\n<div>Its vanished trees, the trees that had made way for Gatsby\u2019s house, had once pandered in whispers to the last and greatest of all human dreams; for a transitory enchanted moment man must have held his breath in the presence of this continent, compelled into an aesthetic contemplation he neither understood nor desired, face to face for the last time in history with something commensurate to his capacity for wonder.<\/div><\/blockquote>\r\nIf you look at the punctuation, you\u2019ll see that this quote is a single sentence. F. Scott Fitzgerald used commas and semicolons in such a way that, despite its great length, it\u2019s grammatically sound, as well. Length is no guarantee of a run-on sentence.\r\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\r\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\r\nCan you spot a run-on sentence? Click through this interactive to test yourself.\r\n\r\n[embed]https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1290910801743442618\/embed[\/embed]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>Common Causes of Run-on Sentences<\/h2>\r\nWe often write run-on sentences because we sense that the sentences involved are closely related, and dividing them with a period just doesn\u2019t seem right. We may also write them because the parts seem too short to need any division, as in \u201cShe loves skiing but he doesn\u2019t.\u201d However, \u201cShe loves skiing\u201d and \u201che doesn\u2019t\u201d are both independent clauses, so they need to be divided by a comma and a coordinating conjunction\u2014not just a coordinating conjunction by itself.\r\n\r\nAnother common cause of run-on sentences is mistaking adverbial conjunctions for coordinating conjunctions. For example, if we were to write, \u201cShe loved skiing, however he didn\u2019t,\u201d we would have produced a comma splice. The correct sentence would be \u201cShe loved skiing; however, he didn\u2019t.\u201d\r\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\r\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\r\nhttps:\/\/assess.lumenlearning.com\/practice\/29e732be-44a0-4f78-a83e-aa9828e91e32\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/assess.lumenlearning.com\/practice\/4736998c-1807-4c90-9c9d-da4c890a83e2\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>Fixing Run-on Sentences<\/h2>\r\nBefore you can fix a run-on sentence, you\u2019ll need to identify the problem. When you write and revise, <strong>carefully look at each part of every sentence.<\/strong> Are the parts independent clauses, or are they dependent clauses or phrases? Remember, only independent clauses can stand on their own. This also means they have to stand on their own; they can\u2019t run together without correct punctuation.\r\n\r\nThere are five ways you can fix a run-on sentence or comma splice:\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Change the comma in the comma splice to a semicolon (or add a semicolon between the independent clauses).<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Change the comma in the comma splice to a colon, but only if the two clauses are very closely related and the second one seems to be explaining or clarifying the first.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Add a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS) after the comma in the comma splice.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Change the comma to a period and separate the two independent clauses into two separate sentences.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Rewrite the sentence entirely so the run-on sentence is no longer a problem.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\r\n<h3>Fixing a Comma Splice<\/h3>\r\nHere is an example of a sentence with a comma splice:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Jill has been waiting for years for this doctor's appointment, it's very frustrating to have it postponed.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nNow let's look at how we can revise the comma splice using the techniques learned above:\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Changing to a semicolon\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Jill has been waiting for years for this doctor's appointment; it's very frustrating to have it postponed.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Changing to a colon\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Jill has been waiting for years for this doctor's appointment: it's very frustrating to have it postponed.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Adding a coordinating conjunction\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Jill has been waiting for years for this doctor's appointment, so it's very frustrating to have it postponed.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Changing to a period and separating into two sentences\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Jill has been waiting for years for this doctor's appointment. It's very frustrating to have it postponed.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Rewriting the sentence\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Jill has been waiting for years for this doctor's appointment, making it very frustrating to have it postponed.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\nLet\u2019s take a look at a few other run-on sentences and their revisions:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Most of the hours I\u2019ve earned toward my associate\u2019s degree do not transfer, however, I do have at least some hours the university will accept.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nThis is a comma splice. The adverbial conjunction \u201chowever\u201d is being treated like a coordinating conjunction (remember, FANBOYS). There are two easy fixes to this problem. The first is to turn the comma before \u201chowever\u201d into a period:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Most of the hours I\u2019ve earned toward my associate\u2019s degree do not transfer. However, I do have at least some hours the university will accept.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nIf this feels like too hard of a stop between ideas, you can change the comma into a semicolon instead:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Most of the hours I\u2019ve earned toward my associate\u2019s degree do not transfer; however, I do have at least some hours the university will accept.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nLet's take a look at another sentence.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>The opposite is true of stronger types of stainless steel they tend to be more susceptible to rust.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nThis second sentence is a run-on as well. \u201cThe opposite is true of stronger types of stainless steel\u201d and \u201cthey tend to be more susceptible to rust\u201d are both independent clauses. Since the two clauses are very closely related, and the second clarifies the information provided in the first, the best solution is to insert a colon between the two clauses (although a semicolon is grammatically correct as well):\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">The opposite is true of stronger types of stainless steel: they tend to be more susceptible to rust.<\/p>\r\nLet's try another one.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Some people were highly educated professionals, others were from small villages in underdeveloped countries.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nIn this last example, once again, we have two independent clauses. The two clauses provide contrasting information. Adding a conjunction could help the reader move from one kind of information to another. However, you may want that sharp contrast. Here are two revision options:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Some people were highly educated professionals, while others were from small villages in underdeveloped countries.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Some people were highly educated professionals. Others were from small villages in underdeveloped countries.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\r\n<h3>Watch it<\/h3>\r\nWatch this video for additional tips on how to identify and fix run-on sentences and comma splices.\r\n\r\n<iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Fh45mhVsZrU\" width=\"800\" height=\"470\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe>\r\n\r\nYou can view the <a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/English+Comp\/Transcripts\/Run-onsandcommasplices_transcript.txt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">transcript for \"Run-ons and comma splices\" here (opens in new window)<\/a>.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\r\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\r\nhttps:\/\/assess.lumenlearning.com\/practice\/9a603b12-b3fe-4040-b50a-def63d47ab71\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-size: 1rem; text-align: initial;\">Review tips on how to spot (and avoid!) run-on sentences in the following interactive.<\/span>\r\n\r\n[embed]https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1290907184330046558\/embed[\/embed]\r\n\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Recognize run-on sentences<\/li>\n<li>Revise for run-on sentences<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Run-on sentences occur when two or more independent clauses are improperly joined. Often, in a run-on sentence, the independent clauses are simply joined without any punctuation or a coordinating conjunction. Another type of run-on that you\u2019ve probably heard of is the <em>comma splice<\/em>, in which two independent clauses are joined by a comma without a coordinating conjunction (<em>and<\/em>, <em>or<\/em>, <em>but<\/em>, etc.).<\/p>\n<p>Let\u2019s look at a few examples of run-on sentences:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Often, choosing a topic for a paper is the hardest part it\u2019s a lot easier after that.<\/li>\n<li>Sometimes, books do not have the most complete information, it is a good idea then to look for articles in specialized periodicals.<\/li>\n<li>She loves skiing but he doesn\u2019t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>All three of these have two independent clauses. Each clause should be separated from another with a period, a semicolon, or a comma and a coordinating conjunction (remember, FANBOYS):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Often, choosing a topic for a paper is the hardest part. It\u2019s a lot easier after that.<\/li>\n<li>Sometimes, books do not have the most complete information; it is a good idea then to look for articles in specialized periodicals.<\/li>\n<li>She loves skiing, but he doesn\u2019t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A run-on sentence should not just be defined as a sentence that goes on and on. Not every long sentence is a run-on sentence. For example, look at this quote from <em>The Great Gatsby<\/em>:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<div>Its vanished trees, the trees that had made way for Gatsby\u2019s house, had once pandered in whispers to the last and greatest of all human dreams; for a transitory enchanted moment man must have held his breath in the presence of this continent, compelled into an aesthetic contemplation he neither understood nor desired, face to face for the last time in history with something commensurate to his capacity for wonder.<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>If you look at the punctuation, you\u2019ll see that this quote is a single sentence. F. Scott Fitzgerald used commas and semicolons in such a way that, despite its great length, it\u2019s grammatically sound, as well. Length is no guarantee of a run-on sentence.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<p>Can you spot a run-on sentence? Click through this interactive to test yourself.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"resizable\" src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1290910801743442618\/embed\" frameborder=\"0\" width=\"500\" height=\"750\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Common Causes of Run-on Sentences<\/h2>\n<p>We often write run-on sentences because we sense that the sentences involved are closely related, and dividing them with a period just doesn\u2019t seem right. We may also write them because the parts seem too short to need any division, as in \u201cShe loves skiing but he doesn\u2019t.\u201d However, \u201cShe loves skiing\u201d and \u201che doesn\u2019t\u201d are both independent clauses, so they need to be divided by a comma and a coordinating conjunction\u2014not just a coordinating conjunction by itself.<\/p>\n<p>Another common cause of run-on sentences is mistaking adverbial conjunctions for coordinating conjunctions. For example, if we were to write, \u201cShe loved skiing, however he didn\u2019t,\u201d we would have produced a comma splice. The correct sentence would be \u201cShe loved skiing; however, he didn\u2019t.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<p>\t<iframe id=\"assessment_practice_29e732be-44a0-4f78-a83e-aa9828e91e32\" class=\"resizable\" src=\"https:\/\/assess.lumenlearning.com\/practice\/29e732be-44a0-4f78-a83e-aa9828e91e32?iframe_resize_id=assessment_practice_id_29e732be-44a0-4f78-a83e-aa9828e91e32\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;width:100%;height:100%;min-height:300px;\"><br \/>\n\t<\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>\t<iframe id=\"assessment_practice_4736998c-1807-4c90-9c9d-da4c890a83e2\" class=\"resizable\" src=\"https:\/\/assess.lumenlearning.com\/practice\/4736998c-1807-4c90-9c9d-da4c890a83e2?iframe_resize_id=assessment_practice_id_4736998c-1807-4c90-9c9d-da4c890a83e2\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;width:100%;height:100%;min-height:300px;\"><br \/>\n\t<\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Fixing Run-on Sentences<\/h2>\n<p>Before you can fix a run-on sentence, you\u2019ll need to identify the problem. When you write and revise, <strong>carefully look at each part of every sentence.<\/strong> Are the parts independent clauses, or are they dependent clauses or phrases? Remember, only independent clauses can stand on their own. This also means they have to stand on their own; they can\u2019t run together without correct punctuation.<\/p>\n<p>There are five ways you can fix a run-on sentence or comma splice:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Change the comma in the comma splice to a semicolon (or add a semicolon between the independent clauses).<\/li>\n<li>Change the comma in the comma splice to a colon, but only if the two clauses are very closely related and the second one seems to be explaining or clarifying the first.<\/li>\n<li>Add a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS) after the comma in the comma splice.<\/li>\n<li>Change the comma to a period and separate the two independent clauses into two separate sentences.<\/li>\n<li>Rewrite the sentence entirely so the run-on sentence is no longer a problem.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>Fixing a Comma Splice<\/h3>\n<p>Here is an example of a sentence with a comma splice:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Jill has been waiting for years for this doctor&#8217;s appointment, it&#8217;s very frustrating to have it postponed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Now let&#8217;s look at how we can revise the comma splice using the techniques learned above:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Changing to a semicolon\n<ol>\n<li>Jill has been waiting for years for this doctor&#8217;s appointment; it&#8217;s very frustrating to have it postponed.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Changing to a colon\n<ol>\n<li>Jill has been waiting for years for this doctor&#8217;s appointment: it&#8217;s very frustrating to have it postponed.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Adding a coordinating conjunction\n<ol>\n<li>Jill has been waiting for years for this doctor&#8217;s appointment, so it&#8217;s very frustrating to have it postponed.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Changing to a period and separating into two sentences\n<ol>\n<li>Jill has been waiting for years for this doctor&#8217;s appointment. It&#8217;s very frustrating to have it postponed.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Rewriting the sentence\n<ol>\n<li>Jill has been waiting for years for this doctor&#8217;s appointment, making it very frustrating to have it postponed.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p>Let\u2019s take a look at a few other run-on sentences and their revisions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Most of the hours I\u2019ve earned toward my associate\u2019s degree do not transfer, however, I do have at least some hours the university will accept.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This is a comma splice. The adverbial conjunction \u201chowever\u201d is being treated like a coordinating conjunction (remember, FANBOYS). There are two easy fixes to this problem. The first is to turn the comma before \u201chowever\u201d into a period:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Most of the hours I\u2019ve earned toward my associate\u2019s degree do not transfer. However, I do have at least some hours the university will accept.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If this feels like too hard of a stop between ideas, you can change the comma into a semicolon instead:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Most of the hours I\u2019ve earned toward my associate\u2019s degree do not transfer; however, I do have at least some hours the university will accept.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Let&#8217;s take a look at another sentence.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The opposite is true of stronger types of stainless steel they tend to be more susceptible to rust.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This second sentence is a run-on as well. \u201cThe opposite is true of stronger types of stainless steel\u201d and \u201cthey tend to be more susceptible to rust\u201d are both independent clauses. Since the two clauses are very closely related, and the second clarifies the information provided in the first, the best solution is to insert a colon between the two clauses (although a semicolon is grammatically correct as well):<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">The opposite is true of stronger types of stainless steel: they tend to be more susceptible to rust.<\/p>\n<p>Let&#8217;s try another one.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Some people were highly educated professionals, others were from small villages in underdeveloped countries.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In this last example, once again, we have two independent clauses. The two clauses provide contrasting information. Adding a conjunction could help the reader move from one kind of information to another. However, you may want that sharp contrast. Here are two revision options:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Some people were highly educated professionals, while others were from small villages in underdeveloped countries.<\/li>\n<li>Some people were highly educated professionals. Others were from small villages in underdeveloped countries.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\n<h3>Watch it<\/h3>\n<p>Watch this video for additional tips on how to identify and fix run-on sentences and comma splices.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Fh45mhVsZrU\" width=\"800\" height=\"470\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>You can view the <a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/English+Comp\/Transcripts\/Run-onsandcommasplices_transcript.txt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">transcript for &#8220;Run-ons and comma splices&#8221; here (opens in new window)<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<p>\t<iframe id=\"assessment_practice_9a603b12-b3fe-4040-b50a-def63d47ab71\" class=\"resizable\" src=\"https:\/\/assess.lumenlearning.com\/practice\/9a603b12-b3fe-4040-b50a-def63d47ab71?iframe_resize_id=assessment_practice_id_9a603b12-b3fe-4040-b50a-def63d47ab71\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;width:100%;height:100%;min-height:300px;\"><br \/>\n\t<\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 1rem; text-align: initial;\">Review tips on how to spot (and avoid!) run-on sentences in the following interactive.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"resizable\" src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1290907184330046558\/embed\" frameborder=\"0\" width=\"500\" height=\"750\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-71\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Original<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Revision, Adaptation, and Original Content. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Punctuation: Commas. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: David McMurrey. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.prismnet.com\/~hcexres\/textbook\/gram1.html\">https:\/\/www.prismnet.com\/~hcexres\/textbook\/gram1.html<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Run-On Sentences Activity. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Excelsior OWL. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/owl.excelsior.edu\/writing-refresher\/grammar-refresher\/run-on-sentences\/\">https:\/\/owl.excelsior.edu\/writing-refresher\/grammar-refresher\/run-on-sentences\/<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Run-on Sentences Interactive. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Excelsior Online Writing Lab. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/owl.excelsior.edu\/esl-wow\/editing-polishing\/check-punctuation\/esl-run-on-sentences\/\">https:\/\/owl.excelsior.edu\/esl-wow\/editing-polishing\/check-punctuation\/esl-run-on-sentences\/<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">All rights reserved content<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Run-ons and comma splices. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Khan Academy. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Khan Academy. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Fh45mhVsZrU&#038;feature=youtu.be\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Fh45mhVsZrU&#038;feature=youtu.be<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: Standard YouTube license<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":29,"menu_order":18,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"Revision, Adaptation, and Original Content\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Lumen Learning\",\"url\":\"\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Punctuation: 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