Key Concepts

• If the p-value is less than a chosen alpha level, the null hypothesis is rejected and our data is in favor of the alternate hypothesis.
• If the p-value is greater than or equal to a chosen alpha level, the null hypothesis is not rejected.
• The p-value is the probability that, if the null hypothesis is true, the results from another randomly selected sample will be as extreme or more extreme as the results obtained from the given sample.

Glossary

p-value: the probability that an event will happen purely by chance assuming the null hypothesis is true. The smaller the p-value, the stronger the evidence is against the null hypothesis.