{"id":113,"date":"2017-06-19T22:55:06","date_gmt":"2017-06-19T22:55:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/olemiss-writing100\/chapter\/quotation\/"},"modified":"2019-10-25T01:16:38","modified_gmt":"2019-10-25T01:16:38","slug":"quotation","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/irsc-english\/chapter\/quotation\/","title":{"raw":"Quotation","rendered":"Quotation"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Learning Objective<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Differentiate among paraphrase, summary, and quotation<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>What Does Quotation Look Like?<\/h2>\r\nDirect quotations are words and phrases that are taken directly from another source and then used word-for-word in your paper. If you incorporate a direct quotation from another author\u2019s text, you must put that quotation or phrase in quotation marks to indicate that it is not your language.\r\n\r\nWhen writing direct quotations, you can use the source author\u2019s name in the same sentence as the quotation to introduce the quoted text and to indicate the source in which you found the text. You should then include the page number or other relevant information in parentheses at the end of the phrase (the exact format will depend on the formatting style of your essay).\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>When should you use a direct quotation?<\/h3>\r\nWhen writing papers that require the use of outside source material, it is often tempting to cite only direct quotations from your sources. If, however, this is the only method of citation you choose, your paper will become nothing more than a series of quotations linked together by a few connecting words. Your paper will seem to be a collection of others\u2019 thoughts and will contain little thinking on your part. To avoid falling into this trap, follow a few simple pointers:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Avoid using long quotations merely as space-fillers<\/strong>. While this is an attractive option when faced with a ten-page paper, the overuse of long quotations gives the reader the impression you are not thinking for yourself.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Don\u2019t use only direct quotations<\/strong>. Try using paraphrases in addition to direct quotations. To the reader, the effective use of paraphrases indicates that you took the time to think about the meaning behind the quotation\u2019s words.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>When introducing direct quotations, try to <strong>use a variety of verbs in your signal phrases<\/strong>. Don\u2019t always rely on stock verbs such as \u201cstates\u201d or \u201csays.\u201d Think for a little while about the purpose of your quotation and then choose a context-appropriate verb.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\nQuoting is using the EXACT wording \u00a0of the source material. Direct quotations should be used sparingly \u00a0to strengthen your own arguments and ideas.\r\n\r\nUse quotes infrequently and only with good reason! Some valid reasons for quoting include:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>When not using the author\u2019s exact wording would change the original meaning<\/li>\r\n \t<li>To lend authority to the point you are trying to make<\/li>\r\n \t<li>When the language of the quote is significant<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nQuotations should always be introduced and incorporated into your argument rather than dropped into your paper without context. Consider this first BAD example:\r\n<blockquote>\r\n<div>There are many instances of people being taken in by fake news stories. \u201cOne voter from Mississippi said that he read about millions of illegal aliens voting in the 2016 primaries and thought it was true\u201d (Myers).<\/div><\/blockquote>\r\nThis is a potentially good piece of information to support a research writer\u2019s claim, but the researcher hasn\u2019t done any of the necessary work to explain where this quote comes from or to explain why it is important for supporting her point. Rather, she has simply \u201cdropped in\u201d the quote, leaving the interpretation of its significance up to the reader. Now consider this revised GOOD example of how this quote might be better introduced into the essay:\r\n<blockquote>\r\n<div>There are many instances of people being taken in by fake news stories. \u00a0In her <em>Los Angeles Times<\/em> article on how fake stories impact voters in America, Geena Myers identifies how one particular voter in the South \u201cread about millions of illegal aliens voting in the 2016 primaries and thought it was true\u201d (Myers).<\/div><\/blockquote>\r\nIn this revision, the source and the point the writer is trying to make with this evidence are much clearer.\r\n\r\nFinally, try to qualify direct quotations in a novel or interesting manner. Depending on the system of documentation you\u2019re using, the signal phrases don\u2019t always have to introduce the quotation. For example, instead of writing:\r\n<blockquote>\r\n<div>\u201cNone of them knew the color of the sky\u201d is the opening line of Stephen Crane\u2019s short story, \u201cThe Open Boat\u201d (339). This implies the idea that \u201call sense of certainty\u201d in the lives of these men is gone (Wolford 18).<\/div><\/blockquote>\r\nTry writing instead:\r\n<blockquote>\r\n<div>\u201cNone of them knew the color of the sky,\u201d the opening line of Stephen Crane\u2019s \u201cThe Open Boat,\u201d implies that \u201call sense of certainty\u201d in the lives of these men is gone (Crane 339; Wolford 18).<\/div><\/blockquote>\r\nThe combination of these two sentences into one is something different. It shows thought on the writer\u2019s part in how to combine direct quotations in an interesting manner.","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning Objective<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Differentiate among paraphrase, summary, and quotation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2>What Does Quotation Look Like?<\/h2>\n<p>Direct quotations are words and phrases that are taken directly from another source and then used word-for-word in your paper. If you incorporate a direct quotation from another author\u2019s text, you must put that quotation or phrase in quotation marks to indicate that it is not your language.<\/p>\n<p>When writing direct quotations, you can use the source author\u2019s name in the same sentence as the quotation to introduce the quoted text and to indicate the source in which you found the text. You should then include the page number or other relevant information in parentheses at the end of the phrase (the exact format will depend on the formatting style of your essay).<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>When should you use a direct quotation?<\/h3>\n<p>When writing papers that require the use of outside source material, it is often tempting to cite only direct quotations from your sources. If, however, this is the only method of citation you choose, your paper will become nothing more than a series of quotations linked together by a few connecting words. Your paper will seem to be a collection of others\u2019 thoughts and will contain little thinking on your part. To avoid falling into this trap, follow a few simple pointers:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Avoid using long quotations merely as space-fillers<\/strong>. While this is an attractive option when faced with a ten-page paper, the overuse of long quotations gives the reader the impression you are not thinking for yourself.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Don\u2019t use only direct quotations<\/strong>. Try using paraphrases in addition to direct quotations. To the reader, the effective use of paraphrases indicates that you took the time to think about the meaning behind the quotation\u2019s words.<\/li>\n<li>When introducing direct quotations, try to <strong>use a variety of verbs in your signal phrases<\/strong>. Don\u2019t always rely on stock verbs such as \u201cstates\u201d or \u201csays.\u201d Think for a little while about the purpose of your quotation and then choose a context-appropriate verb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Quoting is using the EXACT wording \u00a0of the source material. Direct quotations should be used sparingly \u00a0to strengthen your own arguments and ideas.<\/p>\n<p>Use quotes infrequently and only with good reason! Some valid reasons for quoting include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>When not using the author\u2019s exact wording would change the original meaning<\/li>\n<li>To lend authority to the point you are trying to make<\/li>\n<li>When the language of the quote is significant<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Quotations should always be introduced and incorporated into your argument rather than dropped into your paper without context. Consider this first BAD example:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<div>There are many instances of people being taken in by fake news stories. \u201cOne voter from Mississippi said that he read about millions of illegal aliens voting in the 2016 primaries and thought it was true\u201d (Myers).<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>This is a potentially good piece of information to support a research writer\u2019s claim, but the researcher hasn\u2019t done any of the necessary work to explain where this quote comes from or to explain why it is important for supporting her point. Rather, she has simply \u201cdropped in\u201d the quote, leaving the interpretation of its significance up to the reader. Now consider this revised GOOD example of how this quote might be better introduced into the essay:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<div>There are many instances of people being taken in by fake news stories. \u00a0In her <em>Los Angeles Times<\/em> article on how fake stories impact voters in America, Geena Myers identifies how one particular voter in the South \u201cread about millions of illegal aliens voting in the 2016 primaries and thought it was true\u201d (Myers).<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>In this revision, the source and the point the writer is trying to make with this evidence are much clearer.<\/p>\n<p>Finally, try to qualify direct quotations in a novel or interesting manner. Depending on the system of documentation you\u2019re using, the signal phrases don\u2019t always have to introduce the quotation. For example, instead of writing:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<div>\u201cNone of them knew the color of the sky\u201d is the opening line of Stephen Crane\u2019s short story, \u201cThe Open Boat\u201d (339). This implies the idea that \u201call sense of certainty\u201d in the lives of these men is gone (Wolford 18).<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Try writing instead:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<div>\u201cNone of them knew the color of the sky,\u201d the opening line of Stephen Crane\u2019s \u201cThe Open Boat,\u201d implies that \u201call sense of certainty\u201d in the lives of these men is gone (Crane 339; Wolford 18).<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>The combination of these two sentences into one is something different. It shows thought on the writer\u2019s part in how to combine direct quotations in an interesting manner.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-113\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Original<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Revision and adaptation. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: University of Mississippi. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Using Sources in Your Writing. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/engcomp1-wmopen\/chapter\/text-using-sources-in-your-writing\/\">https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/engcomp1-wmopen\/chapter\/text-using-sources-in-your-writing\/<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Incorporating Your Sources Into Your Paper. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Boundless. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/boundless-writing\/\">https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/boundless-writing\/<\/a>. <strong>Project<\/strong>: Boundless Writing. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":163,"menu_order":6,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Using Sources in Your Writing\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Lumen Learning\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/engcomp1-wmopen\/chapter\/text-using-sources-in-your-writing\/\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"Revision and adaptation\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"University of Mississippi\",\"url\":\"\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Incorporating Your Sources Into Your Paper\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Boundless\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/boundless-writing\/\",\"project\":\"Boundless Writing\",\"license\":\"cc-by-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"c33c7df2-6289-458b-9cbb-5721cac9d4f3, 0b09a4b7-f482-490f-9089-67eced6356ab","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-113","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":99,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/irsc-english\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/113","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/irsc-english\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/irsc-english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/irsc-english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/163"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/irsc-english\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/113\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1056,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/irsc-english\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/113\/revisions\/1056"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/irsc-english\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/99"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/irsc-english\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/113\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/irsc-english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=113"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/irsc-english\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=113"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/irsc-english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=113"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/irsc-english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=113"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}