{"id":103,"date":"2014-08-25T03:19:35","date_gmt":"2014-08-25T03:19:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.candelalearning.com\/collegesuccess1x1\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=103"},"modified":"2015-06-19T01:05:00","modified_gmt":"2015-06-19T01:05:00","slug":"7-3-communicating-with-instructors","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/chapter\/7-3-communicating-with-instructors\/","title":{"raw":"Communicating with Instructors","rendered":"Communicating with Instructors"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"im_section\">\r\n<div id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_n01\" class=\"im_learning_objectives im_editable im_block\">\r\n\r\n<b>\u00a0<\/b>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"bcc-box bcc-highlight\">\r\n<h3>LEARNING OBJECTIVES<\/h3>\r\nBy the end of this section, you will be able to:\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li>Describe additional benefits for interacting with your instructor beyond the value for that particular course.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>List guidelines for successfully communicating individually with an instructor, such as doing so during office hours.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Write e-mail messages to instructors and others that are polite, professional, and effective.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Know how to graciously resolve a problem, such as a grade dispute, with an instructor.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Understand the value of having a mentor and how interactions with instructors, your academic advisor, and others may lead to a mentoring relationship.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Explain what is needed to succeed in an online course and how to interact with an online instructor.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"im_section\">\r\n<h2><\/h2>\r\n<\/div>\r\nSo far we\u2019ve been looking at class participation and general interaction with both instructors and other students in class. In addition to this, students gain very specific benefits from communicating directly with their instructors. Learn best practices for communicating with your instructors during office hours and through e-mail.\r\n<div id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s01\" class=\"im_section\">\r\n<h2 class=\"im_title im_editable im_block\">Additional Benefits of Talking with Your Instructors<\/h2>\r\nCollege students are sometimes surprised to discover that instructors like students and enjoy getting to know them. After all, they want to feel they\u2019re doing something more meaningful than talking to an empty room. The human dimension of college really matters, and as a student you are an important part of your instructor\u2019s world. Most instructors are happy to see you during their office hours or to talk a few minutes after class.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/office-hour.jpg\"><img class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-781\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/office-hour-300x198.jpg\" alt=\"Professor holding office hours\" width=\"300\" height=\"198\" \/><\/a>This chapter has repeatedly emphasized how active participation in learning is a key to student success. In addition, talking with your instructors often leads to benefits beyond simply doing well in that class.\r\n<ul id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s01_l01\" class=\"im_itemizedlist im_editable im_block\">\r\n\t<li>Talking with instructors helps you feel more comfortable in college and more connected to the campus. Students who talk to their instructors are less likely to become disillusioned and drop out.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Talking with instructors is a valuable way to learn about an academic field or a career. Don\u2019t know for sure what you want to major in, or what people with a degree in your chosen major actually <em class=\"im_emphasis\">do<\/em> after college? Most instructors will share information and insights with you.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>You may need a reference or letter of recommendation for a job or internship application. Getting to know some of your instructors puts you in an ideal position to ask for a letter of recommendation or a reference in the future when you need one.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Because instructors are often well connected within their field, they may know of a job, internship, or research possibility you otherwise may not learn about. An instructor who knows you is a valuable part of your network. <span class=\"im_margin_term\"><span class=\"im_glossterm\">Networking<\/span><\/span> is very important for future job searches and other opportunities. In fact, most jobs are found through networking, not through classified ads or online job postings.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Think about what it truly means to be \u201ceducated\u201d: how one thinks, understands society and the world, and responds to problems and new situations. Much of this learning occurs outside the classroom. Talking with your highly educated instructors can be among your most meaningful experiences in college.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s02\" class=\"im_section\">\r\n<h2 class=\"im_title im_editable im_block\">Guidelines for Communicating with Instructors<\/h2>\r\nGetting along with instructors and communicating well begins with attitude. As experts in their field, they deserve your respect. Remember that a college education is a collaborative process that works best when students and instructors communicate freely in an exchange of ideas, information, and perspectives. So while you should respect your instructors, you shouldn\u2019t fear them. As you get to know them better, you\u2019ll learn their personalities and find appropriate ways to communicate. Here are some guidelines for getting along with and communicating with your instructors:\r\n<ul id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s02_l01\" class=\"im_itemizedlist im_editable im_block\">\r\n\t<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Prepare before going to the instructor\u2019s office.<\/strong> Go over your notes on readings and lectures and write down your specific questions. You\u2019ll feel more comfortable, and the instructor will appreciate your being organized.<\/li>\r\n\t<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Don\u2019t forget to introduce yourself.<\/strong> Especially near the beginning of the term, don\u2019t assume your instructor has learned everyone\u2019s names yet and don\u2019t make him or her have to ask you. Unless the instructor has already asked you to address him or her as \u201cDr. ____,\u201d \u201cMs. _____\u201d or Mr. _______,\u201d or something similar, it\u2019s appropriate to say \u201cProfessor _______.\u201d<\/li>\r\n\t<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Respect the instructor\u2019s time.<\/strong> In addition to teaching, college instructors sit on committees, do research and other professional work, and have personal lives. Don\u2019t show up two minutes before the end of an office hour and expect the instructor to stay late to talk with you.<\/li>\r\n\t<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Realize that the instructor will recognize you from class\u2014even in a large lecture hall.<\/strong> If you spent a lecture class joking around with friends in the back row, don\u2019t think you can show up during office hours to find out what you missed while you weren\u2019t paying attention.<\/li>\r\n\t<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Don\u2019t try to fool an instructor.<\/strong> Insincere praise or making excuses for not doing an assignment won\u2019t make it in college. Nor is it a good idea to show you\u2019re \u201ctoo cool\u201d to take all this seriously\u2014another attitude sure to turn off an instructor. To earn your instructor\u2019s respect, come to class prepared, do the work, participate genuinely in class, and show respect\u2014and the instructor will be happy to see you when you come to office hours or need some extra help.<\/li>\r\n\t<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Try to see things from the instructor\u2019s point of view.<\/strong> Imagine that you spent a couple hours making PowerPoint slides and preparing a class lecture on something you find very stimulating and exciting. Standing in front of a full room, you are gratified to see faces smiling and heads nodding as people understand what you\u2019re saying\u2014they really get it! And then a student after class asks, \u201cIs this going to be on the test?\u201d How would <em class=\"im_emphasis\">you<\/em> feel?<\/li>\r\n\t<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Be professional when talking to an instructor.<\/strong> You can be cordial and friendly, but keep it professional and on an adult level. Come to office hours prepared with your questions\u2014not just to chat or joke around. (Don\u2019t wear sunglasses or earphones in the office or check your cell phone for messages.) Be prepared to accept criticism in a professional way, without taking it personally or complaining.<\/li>\r\n\t<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Use your best communication skills.<\/strong> In Chapter 9 \"The Social World of College\", you\u2019ll learn the difference between assertive communication and passive or aggressive communication.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s02_n01\" class=\"im_callout im_editable im_block\">\r\n<h3 class=\"im_title\">Part-Time and Returning Students<\/h3>\r\nStudents who are working and who have their own families and other responsibilities may have special issues interacting with instructors. Sometimes an older student feels a little out of place and may even feel \u201cthe system\u201d is designed for younger students; this attitude can lead to a hesitation to participate in class or see an instructor during office hours.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/older-student.jpg\"><img class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-782\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/older-student-300x199.jpg\" alt=\"Older student\" width=\"300\" height=\"199\" \/><\/a>But participation and communication with instructors is very important for all students\u2014and may be even more important for \u201cnontraditional\u201d students. Getting to know your instructors is particularly crucial for feeling at home in college. Instructors enjoy talking with older and other nontraditional students\u2014even when, as sometimes happens, a student is older than the instructor. Nontraditional students are often highly motivated and eager to learn. If you can\u2019t make the instructor\u2019s office hours because of your work schedule, ask for an appointment at a different time\u2014your needs will be respected.\r\n\r\nPart-time students, especially in community colleges where they may be taking evening courses, often have greater difficulty meeting with instructors. In addition, many part-time students taking evening and weekend classes are taught by part-time faculty who, like them, may be on campus only small amounts of time. Yet it is just as critical for part-time students to engage in the learning process and have a sense of belonging on campus. With effort, you can usually find a way to talk with your instructors. Don\u2019t hesitate to ask for an appointment at another time or to meet with your instructor over a cup of coffee after class before driving home. Assert yourself: You are in college for reasons just as good as those of other students, and you have the same rights. Avoid the temptation to give up or feel defeated; talk with your instructor to arrange a time to meet, and make the most of your time interacting together. Use e-mail to communicate when you need to and contact your instructor when you have any question you can\u2019t raise in person.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s03\" class=\"im_section\">\r\n<h2 class=\"im_title im_editable im_block\">E-mail Best Practices<\/h2>\r\nJust as e-mail has become a primary form of communication in business and society, e-mail has a growing role in education and has become an important and valuable means of communicating with instructors. Virtually all younger college students have grown up using e-mail and have a computer or computer access in college, although some have developed poor habits from using e-mail principally with friends in the past. Some older college students may not yet understand the importance of e-mail and other computer skills in college; if you are not now using e-mail, it\u2019s time to learn how (see \u201cGetting Started with E-mail\u201d). Especially when it is difficult to see an instructor in person during office hours, e-mail can be an effective form of communication and interaction with instructors. E-mail is also an increasingly effective way to collaborate with other students on group projects or while studying with other students.\r\n<div id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s03_n01\" class=\"im_callout im_editable im_block\">\r\n<h3 class=\"im_title\">Getting Started with E-mail<\/h3>\r\n<ul id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s03_l01\" class=\"im_itemizedlist\">\r\n\t<li>If you don\u2019t have your own computer, find out where on-campus computers are available for student use, such as at the library or student center.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>You can set up a free Web-based e-mail account at Google, Yahoo! or other sites. These allow you to send and receive e-mail from any computer that is connected to the Internet.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>If you don\u2019t have enough computer experience to know how to do this, ask a friend for help getting started or check at your library or student services office for a publication explaining how e-mail works.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Once you have your account set up, give your e-mail address to instructors who request it and to other students with whom you study or maintain contact. E-mail is a good way to contact another student if you miss a class.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Once you begin using e-mail, remember to check it regularly for messages. Most people view e-mail like a telephone message and expect you to respond fairly soon.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Be sure to use good e-mail etiquette when writing to instructors.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/email.jpg\"><img class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-783\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/email-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"Email clipart\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a>If your instructor gives you his or her e-mail addresses, use e-mail rather than the telephone for nonurgent matters. Using e-mail respects other people\u2019s time, allowing them to answer at a time of their choosing, rather than being interrupted by a telephone call.\r\n\r\nBut e-mail is a written form of communication that is different from telephone voice messages and text messages. Students who text with friends have often adopted shortcuts, such as not spelling out full words, ignoring capitalization and punctuation, and not bothering with grammar or full sentence constructions. This is inappropriate in an e-mail message to an instructor, who expects a more professional quality of writing. Most instructors expect your communications to be in full sentences with correctly spelled words and reasonable grammar. Follow these guidelines:\r\n<ul id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s03_l02\" class=\"im_itemizedlist im_editable im_block\">\r\n\t<li>Use a professional e-mail name. If you have a funny name you use with friends, create a different account with a professional name you use with instructors, work supervisors, and others.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Use the subject line to label your message effectively at a glance. \u201cMay I make an appointment?\u201d says something; \u201cIn your office?\u201d doesn\u2019t.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Address e-mail messages as you do a letter, beginning \u201cDear Professor ____.\u201d Include your full name if it\u2019s not easily recognizable in your e-mail account.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Get to your point quickly and concisely. Don\u2019t make the reader scroll down a long e-mail to see what it is you want to say.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Because e-mail is a written communication, it does not express emotion the way a voice message does. Don\u2019t attempt to be funny, ironic, or sarcastic, Write as you would in a paper for class. In a large lecture class or an online course, your e-mail voice may be the primary way your instructor knows you, and emotionally charged messages can be confusing or give a poor impression.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Don\u2019t use capital letters to emphasize. All caps look like SHOUTING.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Avoid abbreviations, nonstandard spelling, slang, and emoticons like smiley faces. These do not convey a professional tone.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Don\u2019t make demands or state expectations such as \u201cI\u2019ll expect to hear from you soon\u201d or \u201cIf I haven\u2019t heard by 4 p.m., I\u2019ll assume you\u2019ll accept my paper late.\u201d<\/li>\r\n\t<li>When you reply to a message, leave the original message within yours. Your reader may need to recall what he or she said in the original message.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Be polite. End the message with a \u201cThank you\u201d or something similar.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Proofread your message before sending it.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>With any important message to a work supervisor or instructor, it\u2019s a good idea to wait and review the message later before sending it. You may have expressed an emotion or thought that you will think better about later. Many problems have resulted when people sent messages too quickly without thinking.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s04\" class=\"im_section\">\r\n<h2 class=\"im_title im_editable im_block\">Resolving a Problem with an Instructor<\/h2>\r\nThe most common issue students feel with an instructor involves receiving a grade lower than they think they deserve\u2014especially new students not yet used to the higher standards of college. It\u2019s depressing to get a low grade, but it\u2019s not the end of the world. Don\u2019t be too hard on yourself\u2014or on the instructor. Take a good look at what happened on the test or paper and make sure you know what to do better next time. Review the earlier chapters on studying habits, time management, and taking tests.\r\n\r\nIf you genuinely believe you deserved a higher grade, you can talk with your instructor. <em class=\"im_emphasis\">How<\/em> you communicate in that conversation, however, is very important. Instructors are used to hearing students complain about grades and patiently explaining their standards for grading. Most instructors seldom change grades. Yet it can still be worthwhile to talk with the instructor because of what you will learn from the experience.\r\n\r\nFollow these guidelines to talk about a grade or resolve any other problem or disagreement with an instructor:\r\n<ul id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s04_l01\" class=\"im_itemizedlist im_editable im_block\">\r\n\t<li>First go over the requirements for the paper or test and the instructor\u2019s comments. Be sure you actually have a reason for discussing the grade\u2014not just that you didn\u2019t do well. Be prepared with specific points you want to go over.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Make an appointment with your instructor during office hours or another time. Don\u2019t try to talk about this before or after class or with e-mail or the telephone.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Begin by politely explaining that you thought you did better on the assignment or test (not simply that you think you deserve a better grade) and that you\u2019d like to go over it to better understand the result.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Allow the instructor to explain his or her comments on the assignment or grading of the test. Don\u2019t complain or whine; instead, show your appreciation for the explanation. Raise any specific questions or make comments at this time. For example, you might say, \u201cI really thought I was being clear here when I wrote.\u2026\u201d<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Use good listening skills. Whatever you do, don\u2019t argue!<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Ask what you can do to improve grade, if possible. Can you rewrite the paper or do any extra-credit work to help make up for a test score? While you are showing that you would like to earn a higher grade in the course, also make it clear that you\u2019re willing to put in the effort and that you want to <em class=\"im_emphasis\">learn more<\/em>, not just get the higher grade.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>If there is no opportunity to improve on this specific project, ask the instructor for advice on what you might do on the next assignment or when preparing for the next test. You may be offered some individual help or receive good study advice, and your instructor will respect your willingness to make the effort as long as it\u2019s clear that you\u2019re more interested in learning than simply getting the grade.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s04_n01\" class=\"im_callout im_editable im_block\">\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\r\n<h3 class=\"im_title\">Tips for Success: Talking with Instructors<\/h3>\r\n<ul id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s04_l02\" class=\"im_itemizedlist\">\r\n\t<li>When you have a question, ask it sooner rather than later.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Be prepared and plan your questions and comments in advance.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Be respectful but personable and communicate professionally.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Be open minded and ready to learn. Avoid whining and complaining.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>There is no such thing as a \u201cstupid question.\u201d<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s04_n02\" class=\"im_callout im_editable im_block\">\r\n<h3 class=\"im_title\">Controlling Anger over Grades<\/h3>\r\nIf you\u2019re going to talk with an instructor about your grade or any other problem, control any anger you may be feeling. The GPS LifePlan project of the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities System offers some insights into this process:\r\n<ul id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s04_l03\" class=\"im_itemizedlist\">\r\n\t<li>Being upset about a grade is good because it shows you care and that you have passion about your education. But anger prevents clear thinking, so rein it in first.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Since anger involves bodily reactions, physical actions can help you control anger: try some deep breathing first.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Try putting yourself in your instructor\u2019s shoes and seeing the situation from their point of view. Try to understand how grading is not a personal issue of \u201cliking\u201d you\u2014that they are really doing something for your educational benefit.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>It\u2019s not your life that\u2019s being graded. Things outside your control can result in not doing well on a test or assignment, but the instructor can grade only on what you actually did on that test or assignment\u2014not what you <em class=\"im_emphasis\">could have done<\/em> or <em class=\"im_emphasis\">are capable of doing<\/em>. Understanding this can help you accept what happened and not take a grade personally.<span id=\"fwk-lochhaas-fn07_001\" class=\"im_footnote\">Adapted from \u201cHow to Communicate and Problem Solve with Your Instructor,\u201d <a class=\"im_link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.gpslifeplan.org\/generic\/pdf\/how-to-communicate-with-professor.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.gpslifeplan.org\/generic\/pdf\/how-to-communicate-with-professor.pdf<\/a> (accessed December 27, 2009).<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s05\" class=\"im_section\">\r\n<h2 class=\"im_title im_editable im_block\">Finding a Mentor<\/h2>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/mentor.jpg\"><img class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-784\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/mentor-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Mentor and mentee in office\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" \/><\/a>A <span class=\"im_margin_term\"><span class=\"im_glossterm\">mentor<\/span><\/span> is someone who is usually older and more experienced than you who becomes your trusted guide, advisor, and role model. A mentor is someone you may want to be like in your future career or profession\u2014someone you look up to and whose advice and guidance you respect.\r\n\r\nFinding a mentor can be one of the most fulfilling aspects of college. As a student, you think about many things and make many decisions, large and small, almost daily: What do you want to do in the future? How can you best balance your studies with your job? What should you major in? Should you take this course or that one? What should you do if you feel like you\u2019re failing a course? Where should you put your priorities as you prepare for a future career? How can you be a better student? The questions go on and on. We talk about things like this with our friends and often family members, but often they don\u2019t have the same experience or background to help us as a mentor can.\r\n\r\nMost important, a mentor is someone who is willing to help you, to talk with you about decisions you face, to support you when things become difficult, and to guide you when you\u2019re feeling lost. A mentor can become a valuable part of your future network but also can help you in the here and now.\r\n\r\nMany different people can become mentors: other students, family members, people you know through work, your boss. As a college student, however, your best mentor likely is someone involved in education: your advisor, a more experienced student, or an instructor. Finding a mentor is another reason to develop good relationships with your instructors, starting with class participation and communication outside of class.\r\n\r\nA mentor is not like a good friend, exactly\u2014you\u2019re not going to invite your instructor to a movie\u2014but it does involve a form of friendship. Nor is a mentor a formal relationship: you don\u2019t ask an instructor to become your mentor. The mentor relationship is more informal and develops slowly, often without actively looking for a mentor. Here\u2019s an example of how one student \u201cfound\u201d a mentor:\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nAs a freshman taking several classes, Miguel particularly liked and admired one of his instructors, Professor Canton. Miguel spoke up more in Canton\u2019s class and talked with him sometimes during office hours. When it was time to register for the next term, Miguel saw that Canton was teaching another course he was interested in, so he asked him about that course one day during office hours. Miguel was pleased when Professor Canton said he\u2019d like to have him in his class next term.\r\n\r\nBy the end of his first year of college, Miguel seemed to know Canton better than any of his other instructors and felt very comfortable talking with him outside of class. One day after talking about a reading assignment, Miguel said he was enjoying this class so much that he was thinking about majoring in this subject and asked Professor Canton what he thought about it. Canton suggested that he take a few more classes before making a decision, and he invited Miguel to sit in on a seminar of upper-level students he was holding.\r\n\r\nIn his second year, Miguel\u2019s interests turned in another direction as he began to think about his future job possibilities, but by then he felt comfortable enough talking with Canton that he occasionally he stopped by the professor\u2019s office even though he was not taking a class with him. Sometimes he was surprised how much Professor Canton knew about other departments and other faculty, and Canton often shared insights about other courses he might be interested in that his advisor had not directed him to. When Miguel learned about a summer internship in his field and was considering applying, Canton not only volunteered to write him a letter of recommendation but even offered to help Miguel with the essay part of the application if he wanted.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nSome colleges have more formal mentoring programs, and you should become involved in one if you have this opportunity, but often a mentoring relationship occurs informally as you get to know an instructor or another person over time. In your first year, you don\u2019t go searching frantically for a mentor, but you should begin interacting with your instructors and other students in ways that may lead, over time, to developing that kind of relationship.\r\n\r\nSimilarly, your academic advisor or a college counselor might become a mentor for you if you share interests and you look up to that person as a role model and trusted guide. Your advisor is so important for your college success that if you feel you are not getting along well, you should ask the advising department to switch you to a different advisor. Take the time to build a good relationship with your advisor, the same as with instructors\u2014following the same guidelines in this chapter for communication and interaction.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s06\" class=\"im_section\">\r\n<h2 class=\"im_title im_editable im_block\">Relating to an Instructor of an Online Course<\/h2>\r\nOnline courses have grown tremendously in recent years, and most colleges now have at least some online courses. While online learning once focused on students at a distance from campus, now many students enrolled in regular classes also take some courses online. Online courses have a number of practical benefits but also pose special issues, primarily related to how students interact with other students and the instructor.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/online-class.jpg\"><img class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-785\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/online-class-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Two students working on online class\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" \/><\/a>Some online courses do involve \u201cface time\u201d or live audio connections with the instructor and other students, via Webcasts or Webinars, but many are self-paced and asynchronous, meaning that you experience the course on your own time and communicate with others via messages back and forth rather than communicating in real time. All online courses include opportunities for interacting with the instructor, typically through e-mail or a bulletin board where you may see comments and questions from other students as well.\r\n\r\nMany educators argue that online courses can involve <em class=\"im_emphasis\">more<\/em> interaction between students and the instructor than in a large lecture class, not less. But two important differences affect how that interaction occurs and how successful it is for engaging students in learning. Most communication is written, with no or limited opportunity to ask questions face to face or during office hours, and students must take the initiative to interact beyond the requirements of online assignments.\r\n\r\nMany students enjoy online courses, in part for the practical benefit of scheduling your own time. Some students who are reluctant to speak in class communicate more easily in writing. But other students may have less confidence in their writing skills or may never initiate interaction at all and end up feeling lost. Depending on your learning style, an online course may feel natural to you (if you learn well independently and through language skills) or more difficult (if you are a more visual or kinesthetic learner). Online courses have higher drop-out and failure rates due to some students feeling isolated and unmotivated.\r\n\r\nSuccess in an online course requires commitment and motivation. Follow these guidelines:\r\n<ul id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s06_l01\" class=\"im_itemizedlist im_editable im_block\">\r\n\t<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Make sure you have the technology.<\/strong> If you\u2019re not comfortable reading and writing on a computer, don\u2019t rush into an online course. If you have limited access to a computer or high-speed Internet connection, or have to arrange your schedule to use a computer elsewhere, you may have difficulty with the course.<\/li>\r\n\t<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Accept that you\u2019ll have to motivate yourself and take responsibility for your learning.<\/strong> It\u2019s actually harder for some people to sit down at the computer on their own than to show up at a set time. Be sure you have enough time in your week for all course activities and try to schedule regular times online and for assignments. Evaluate the course requirements carefully before signing up.<\/li>\r\n\t<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Work on your writing skills.<\/strong> If you are not comfortable writing, you may want to defer taking online courses until you have had more experience with college-level writing. When communicating with the instructor of an online course, follow the guidelines for effective e-mail outlined earlier.<\/li>\r\n\t<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Use critical thinking skills.<\/strong> Most online courses involve assignments requiring problem solving and critical thinking. It\u2019s not as simple as watching video lectures and taking multiple-choice tests. You need to actively engage with the course material.<\/li>\r\n\t<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Take the initiative to ask questions and seek help.<\/strong> Remember, your instructor can\u2019t see you to know if you\u2019re confused or feeling frustrated understanding a lecture or reading. You must take the first step to communicate your questions.<\/li>\r\n\t<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Be patient.<\/strong> When you ask a question or seek help with an assignment, you have to wait for a reply from your instructor. You may need to continue with a reading or writing assignment before you receive a reply. If the instructor is online at scheduled times for direct contact, take advantage of those times for immediate feedback and answers.<\/li>\r\n\t<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Use any opportunity to interact with other students in the course.<\/strong> If you can interact with other students online, do it. Ask questions of other students and monitor their communications. If you know another person taking the same course, try to synchronize your schedules so that you can study together and talk over assignments. Students who feel they are part of a learning community always do better than those who feel isolated and on their own.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s06_n01\" class=\"im_key_takeaways im_editable im_block\">\r\n<div id=\"post-355\" class=\"post-355 chapter type-chapter status-publish hentry type-1\">\r\n<div class=\"entry-content\">\r\n<div class=\"im_section\">\r\n<div class=\"im_section\">\r\n<div id=\"mclean-ch03_s01_s02_n01\" class=\"im_key_takeaways im_editable im_block\">\r\n<div class=\"bcc-box bcc-success\">\r\n<h3>KEY TAKEAWAYs<\/h3>\r\n<section>\r\n<div data-type=\"note\">\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li>Additional benefits of getting to know and networking with instructors include receiving references and academic advice.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Interacting with college instructors contributes to the growth and intellectual maturity that are part of what it means to be \u201ceducated.\u201d<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Prepare in advance before meeting with an instructor and communicate respectfully, honestly, and sincerely. Your efforts will be repaid.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>It is especially important for part-time and nontraditional students to make the effort to interact with instructors.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Follow accepted guidelines for professional use of e-mail with instructors.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>It is worthwhile speaking with an instructor when you disagree about a grade because of what you will learn in this interaction.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Finding a mentor can be one of the most fulfilling experiences in college. Getting to know your instructors may be the first step toward find a mentor.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Online courses involve special issues for effective learning, but you must make the effort to interact with the instructor and other students in a way that encourages your success.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"bcc-box bcc-info\">\r\n<h3>Checkpoint EXERCISES<\/h3>\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li>Name three benefits you might gain from talking with an instructor weeks or months after the course has ended.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>What should you do before going to see your instructor during office hours?<\/li>\r\n\t<li>For each of the following statements, circle T for true or F for false:\r\n<div class=\"im_informaltable\">\r\n<table cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>T<\/td>\r\n<td>F<\/td>\r\n<td>The instructor of a large lecture course will recognize you even if you sit in the back and try not to be noticed.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>T<\/td>\r\n<td>F<\/td>\r\n<td>Instructors appreciate it when you talk to them in the kind of language you use with your best friends.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>T<\/td>\r\n<td>F<\/td>\r\n<td>Whining and complaining is the best way to convince an instructor to change your grade.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>T<\/td>\r\n<td>F<\/td>\r\n<td>It is acceptable to ask an instructor if you can rewrite a paper or do extra-credit work to help make up for a poor grade.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n\t<li>Write an appropriate opening for an e-mail to an instructor.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Think for a few minutes about all the past instructors you have had. Would you like to get to know any one of them better, perhaps as a mentor? What personality traits does this person have that would make him or her your ideal mentor? (If no instructor you have met so far is your idea of a perfect mentor, write down the traits you hope to find in an instructor in the future.)<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"post-citations sidebar\"><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div class=\"im_section\">\n<div id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_n01\" class=\"im_learning_objectives im_editable im_block\">\n<p><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bcc-box bcc-highlight\">\n<h3>LEARNING OBJECTIVES<\/h3>\n<p>By the end of this section, you will be able to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Describe additional benefits for interacting with your instructor beyond the value for that particular course.<\/li>\n<li>List guidelines for successfully communicating individually with an instructor, such as doing so during office hours.<\/li>\n<li>Write e-mail messages to instructors and others that are polite, professional, and effective.<\/li>\n<li>Know how to graciously resolve a problem, such as a grade dispute, with an instructor.<\/li>\n<li>Understand the value of having a mentor and how interactions with instructors, your academic advisor, and others may lead to a mentoring relationship.<\/li>\n<li>Explain what is needed to succeed in an online course and how to interact with an online instructor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"im_section\">\n<h2><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p>So far we\u2019ve been looking at class participation and general interaction with both instructors and other students in class. In addition to this, students gain very specific benefits from communicating directly with their instructors. Learn best practices for communicating with your instructors during office hours and through e-mail.<\/p>\n<div id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s01\" class=\"im_section\">\n<h2 class=\"im_title im_editable im_block\">Additional Benefits of Talking with Your Instructors<\/h2>\n<p>College students are sometimes surprised to discover that instructors like students and enjoy getting to know them. After all, they want to feel they\u2019re doing something more meaningful than talking to an empty room. The human dimension of college really matters, and as a student you are an important part of your instructor\u2019s world. Most instructors are happy to see you during their office hours or to talk a few minutes after class.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/office-hour.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-781\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/office-hour-300x198.jpg\" alt=\"Professor holding office hours\" width=\"300\" height=\"198\" srcset=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/office-hour-300x198.jpg 300w, https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/office-hour-65x43.jpg 65w, https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/office-hour-225x149.jpg 225w, https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/office-hour-350x231.jpg 350w, https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/office-hour.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>This chapter has repeatedly emphasized how active participation in learning is a key to student success. In addition, talking with your instructors often leads to benefits beyond simply doing well in that class.<\/p>\n<ul id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s01_l01\" class=\"im_itemizedlist im_editable im_block\">\n<li>Talking with instructors helps you feel more comfortable in college and more connected to the campus. Students who talk to their instructors are less likely to become disillusioned and drop out.<\/li>\n<li>Talking with instructors is a valuable way to learn about an academic field or a career. Don\u2019t know for sure what you want to major in, or what people with a degree in your chosen major actually <em class=\"im_emphasis\">do<\/em> after college? Most instructors will share information and insights with you.<\/li>\n<li>You may need a reference or letter of recommendation for a job or internship application. Getting to know some of your instructors puts you in an ideal position to ask for a letter of recommendation or a reference in the future when you need one.<\/li>\n<li>Because instructors are often well connected within their field, they may know of a job, internship, or research possibility you otherwise may not learn about. An instructor who knows you is a valuable part of your network. <span class=\"im_margin_term\"><span class=\"im_glossterm\">Networking<\/span><\/span> is very important for future job searches and other opportunities. In fact, most jobs are found through networking, not through classified ads or online job postings.<\/li>\n<li>Think about what it truly means to be \u201ceducated\u201d: how one thinks, understands society and the world, and responds to problems and new situations. Much of this learning occurs outside the classroom. Talking with your highly educated instructors can be among your most meaningful experiences in college.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s02\" class=\"im_section\">\n<h2 class=\"im_title im_editable im_block\">Guidelines for Communicating with Instructors<\/h2>\n<p>Getting along with instructors and communicating well begins with attitude. As experts in their field, they deserve your respect. Remember that a college education is a collaborative process that works best when students and instructors communicate freely in an exchange of ideas, information, and perspectives. So while you should respect your instructors, you shouldn\u2019t fear them. As you get to know them better, you\u2019ll learn their personalities and find appropriate ways to communicate. Here are some guidelines for getting along with and communicating with your instructors:<\/p>\n<ul id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s02_l01\" class=\"im_itemizedlist im_editable im_block\">\n<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Prepare before going to the instructor\u2019s office.<\/strong> Go over your notes on readings and lectures and write down your specific questions. You\u2019ll feel more comfortable, and the instructor will appreciate your being organized.<\/li>\n<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Don\u2019t forget to introduce yourself.<\/strong> Especially near the beginning of the term, don\u2019t assume your instructor has learned everyone\u2019s names yet and don\u2019t make him or her have to ask you. Unless the instructor has already asked you to address him or her as \u201cDr. ____,\u201d \u201cMs. _____\u201d or Mr. _______,\u201d or something similar, it\u2019s appropriate to say \u201cProfessor _______.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Respect the instructor\u2019s time.<\/strong> In addition to teaching, college instructors sit on committees, do research and other professional work, and have personal lives. Don\u2019t show up two minutes before the end of an office hour and expect the instructor to stay late to talk with you.<\/li>\n<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Realize that the instructor will recognize you from class\u2014even in a large lecture hall.<\/strong> If you spent a lecture class joking around with friends in the back row, don\u2019t think you can show up during office hours to find out what you missed while you weren\u2019t paying attention.<\/li>\n<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Don\u2019t try to fool an instructor.<\/strong> Insincere praise or making excuses for not doing an assignment won\u2019t make it in college. Nor is it a good idea to show you\u2019re \u201ctoo cool\u201d to take all this seriously\u2014another attitude sure to turn off an instructor. To earn your instructor\u2019s respect, come to class prepared, do the work, participate genuinely in class, and show respect\u2014and the instructor will be happy to see you when you come to office hours or need some extra help.<\/li>\n<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Try to see things from the instructor\u2019s point of view.<\/strong> Imagine that you spent a couple hours making PowerPoint slides and preparing a class lecture on something you find very stimulating and exciting. Standing in front of a full room, you are gratified to see faces smiling and heads nodding as people understand what you\u2019re saying\u2014they really get it! And then a student after class asks, \u201cIs this going to be on the test?\u201d How would <em class=\"im_emphasis\">you<\/em> feel?<\/li>\n<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Be professional when talking to an instructor.<\/strong> You can be cordial and friendly, but keep it professional and on an adult level. Come to office hours prepared with your questions\u2014not just to chat or joke around. (Don\u2019t wear sunglasses or earphones in the office or check your cell phone for messages.) Be prepared to accept criticism in a professional way, without taking it personally or complaining.<\/li>\n<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Use your best communication skills.<\/strong> In Chapter 9 &#8220;The Social World of College&#8221;, you\u2019ll learn the difference between assertive communication and passive or aggressive communication.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s02_n01\" class=\"im_callout im_editable im_block\">\n<h3 class=\"im_title\">Part-Time and Returning Students<\/h3>\n<p>Students who are working and who have their own families and other responsibilities may have special issues interacting with instructors. Sometimes an older student feels a little out of place and may even feel \u201cthe system\u201d is designed for younger students; this attitude can lead to a hesitation to participate in class or see an instructor during office hours.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/older-student.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-782\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/older-student-300x199.jpg\" alt=\"Older student\" width=\"300\" height=\"199\" srcset=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/older-student-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/older-student-65x43.jpg 65w, https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/older-student-225x149.jpg 225w, https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/older-student-350x232.jpg 350w, https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/older-student.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>But participation and communication with instructors is very important for all students\u2014and may be even more important for \u201cnontraditional\u201d students. Getting to know your instructors is particularly crucial for feeling at home in college. Instructors enjoy talking with older and other nontraditional students\u2014even when, as sometimes happens, a student is older than the instructor. Nontraditional students are often highly motivated and eager to learn. If you can\u2019t make the instructor\u2019s office hours because of your work schedule, ask for an appointment at a different time\u2014your needs will be respected.<\/p>\n<p>Part-time students, especially in community colleges where they may be taking evening courses, often have greater difficulty meeting with instructors. In addition, many part-time students taking evening and weekend classes are taught by part-time faculty who, like them, may be on campus only small amounts of time. Yet it is just as critical for part-time students to engage in the learning process and have a sense of belonging on campus. With effort, you can usually find a way to talk with your instructors. Don\u2019t hesitate to ask for an appointment at another time or to meet with your instructor over a cup of coffee after class before driving home. Assert yourself: You are in college for reasons just as good as those of other students, and you have the same rights. Avoid the temptation to give up or feel defeated; talk with your instructor to arrange a time to meet, and make the most of your time interacting together. Use e-mail to communicate when you need to and contact your instructor when you have any question you can\u2019t raise in person.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s03\" class=\"im_section\">\n<h2 class=\"im_title im_editable im_block\">E-mail Best Practices<\/h2>\n<p>Just as e-mail has become a primary form of communication in business and society, e-mail has a growing role in education and has become an important and valuable means of communicating with instructors. Virtually all younger college students have grown up using e-mail and have a computer or computer access in college, although some have developed poor habits from using e-mail principally with friends in the past. Some older college students may not yet understand the importance of e-mail and other computer skills in college; if you are not now using e-mail, it\u2019s time to learn how (see \u201cGetting Started with E-mail\u201d). Especially when it is difficult to see an instructor in person during office hours, e-mail can be an effective form of communication and interaction with instructors. E-mail is also an increasingly effective way to collaborate with other students on group projects or while studying with other students.<\/p>\n<div id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s03_n01\" class=\"im_callout im_editable im_block\">\n<h3 class=\"im_title\">Getting Started with E-mail<\/h3>\n<ul id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s03_l01\" class=\"im_itemizedlist\">\n<li>If you don\u2019t have your own computer, find out where on-campus computers are available for student use, such as at the library or student center.<\/li>\n<li>You can set up a free Web-based e-mail account at Google, Yahoo! or other sites. These allow you to send and receive e-mail from any computer that is connected to the Internet.<\/li>\n<li>If you don\u2019t have enough computer experience to know how to do this, ask a friend for help getting started or check at your library or student services office for a publication explaining how e-mail works.<\/li>\n<li>Once you have your account set up, give your e-mail address to instructors who request it and to other students with whom you study or maintain contact. E-mail is a good way to contact another student if you miss a class.<\/li>\n<li>Once you begin using e-mail, remember to check it regularly for messages. Most people view e-mail like a telephone message and expect you to respond fairly soon.<\/li>\n<li>Be sure to use good e-mail etiquette when writing to instructors.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/email.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-783\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/email-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"Email clipart\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/email-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/email-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/email-65x65.jpg 65w, https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/email-225x225.jpg 225w, https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/email-350x350.jpg 350w, https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/email.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>If your instructor gives you his or her e-mail addresses, use e-mail rather than the telephone for nonurgent matters. Using e-mail respects other people\u2019s time, allowing them to answer at a time of their choosing, rather than being interrupted by a telephone call.<\/p>\n<p>But e-mail is a written form of communication that is different from telephone voice messages and text messages. Students who text with friends have often adopted shortcuts, such as not spelling out full words, ignoring capitalization and punctuation, and not bothering with grammar or full sentence constructions. This is inappropriate in an e-mail message to an instructor, who expects a more professional quality of writing. Most instructors expect your communications to be in full sentences with correctly spelled words and reasonable grammar. Follow these guidelines:<\/p>\n<ul id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s03_l02\" class=\"im_itemizedlist im_editable im_block\">\n<li>Use a professional e-mail name. If you have a funny name you use with friends, create a different account with a professional name you use with instructors, work supervisors, and others.<\/li>\n<li>Use the subject line to label your message effectively at a glance. \u201cMay I make an appointment?\u201d says something; \u201cIn your office?\u201d doesn\u2019t.<\/li>\n<li>Address e-mail messages as you do a letter, beginning \u201cDear Professor ____.\u201d Include your full name if it\u2019s not easily recognizable in your e-mail account.<\/li>\n<li>Get to your point quickly and concisely. Don\u2019t make the reader scroll down a long e-mail to see what it is you want to say.<\/li>\n<li>Because e-mail is a written communication, it does not express emotion the way a voice message does. Don\u2019t attempt to be funny, ironic, or sarcastic, Write as you would in a paper for class. In a large lecture class or an online course, your e-mail voice may be the primary way your instructor knows you, and emotionally charged messages can be confusing or give a poor impression.<\/li>\n<li>Don\u2019t use capital letters to emphasize. All caps look like SHOUTING.<\/li>\n<li>Avoid abbreviations, nonstandard spelling, slang, and emoticons like smiley faces. These do not convey a professional tone.<\/li>\n<li>Don\u2019t make demands or state expectations such as \u201cI\u2019ll expect to hear from you soon\u201d or \u201cIf I haven\u2019t heard by 4 p.m., I\u2019ll assume you\u2019ll accept my paper late.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>When you reply to a message, leave the original message within yours. Your reader may need to recall what he or she said in the original message.<\/li>\n<li>Be polite. End the message with a \u201cThank you\u201d or something similar.<\/li>\n<li>Proofread your message before sending it.<\/li>\n<li>With any important message to a work supervisor or instructor, it\u2019s a good idea to wait and review the message later before sending it. You may have expressed an emotion or thought that you will think better about later. Many problems have resulted when people sent messages too quickly without thinking.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s04\" class=\"im_section\">\n<h2 class=\"im_title im_editable im_block\">Resolving a Problem with an Instructor<\/h2>\n<p>The most common issue students feel with an instructor involves receiving a grade lower than they think they deserve\u2014especially new students not yet used to the higher standards of college. It\u2019s depressing to get a low grade, but it\u2019s not the end of the world. Don\u2019t be too hard on yourself\u2014or on the instructor. Take a good look at what happened on the test or paper and make sure you know what to do better next time. Review the earlier chapters on studying habits, time management, and taking tests.<\/p>\n<p>If you genuinely believe you deserved a higher grade, you can talk with your instructor. <em class=\"im_emphasis\">How<\/em> you communicate in that conversation, however, is very important. Instructors are used to hearing students complain about grades and patiently explaining their standards for grading. Most instructors seldom change grades. Yet it can still be worthwhile to talk with the instructor because of what you will learn from the experience.<\/p>\n<p>Follow these guidelines to talk about a grade or resolve any other problem or disagreement with an instructor:<\/p>\n<ul id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s04_l01\" class=\"im_itemizedlist im_editable im_block\">\n<li>First go over the requirements for the paper or test and the instructor\u2019s comments. Be sure you actually have a reason for discussing the grade\u2014not just that you didn\u2019t do well. Be prepared with specific points you want to go over.<\/li>\n<li>Make an appointment with your instructor during office hours or another time. Don\u2019t try to talk about this before or after class or with e-mail or the telephone.<\/li>\n<li>Begin by politely explaining that you thought you did better on the assignment or test (not simply that you think you deserve a better grade) and that you\u2019d like to go over it to better understand the result.<\/li>\n<li>Allow the instructor to explain his or her comments on the assignment or grading of the test. Don\u2019t complain or whine; instead, show your appreciation for the explanation. Raise any specific questions or make comments at this time. For example, you might say, \u201cI really thought I was being clear here when I wrote.\u2026\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Use good listening skills. Whatever you do, don\u2019t argue!<\/li>\n<li>Ask what you can do to improve grade, if possible. Can you rewrite the paper or do any extra-credit work to help make up for a test score? While you are showing that you would like to earn a higher grade in the course, also make it clear that you\u2019re willing to put in the effort and that you want to <em class=\"im_emphasis\">learn more<\/em>, not just get the higher grade.<\/li>\n<li>If there is no opportunity to improve on this specific project, ask the instructor for advice on what you might do on the next assignment or when preparing for the next test. You may be offered some individual help or receive good study advice, and your instructor will respect your willingness to make the effort as long as it\u2019s clear that you\u2019re more interested in learning than simply getting the grade.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s04_n01\" class=\"im_callout im_editable im_block\">\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<h3 class=\"im_title\">Tips for Success: Talking with Instructors<\/h3>\n<ul id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s04_l02\" class=\"im_itemizedlist\">\n<li>When you have a question, ask it sooner rather than later.<\/li>\n<li>Be prepared and plan your questions and comments in advance.<\/li>\n<li>Be respectful but personable and communicate professionally.<\/li>\n<li>Be open minded and ready to learn. Avoid whining and complaining.<\/li>\n<li>There is no such thing as a \u201cstupid question.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s04_n02\" class=\"im_callout im_editable im_block\">\n<h3 class=\"im_title\">Controlling Anger over Grades<\/h3>\n<p>If you\u2019re going to talk with an instructor about your grade or any other problem, control any anger you may be feeling. The GPS LifePlan project of the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities System offers some insights into this process:<\/p>\n<ul id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s04_l03\" class=\"im_itemizedlist\">\n<li>Being upset about a grade is good because it shows you care and that you have passion about your education. But anger prevents clear thinking, so rein it in first.<\/li>\n<li>Since anger involves bodily reactions, physical actions can help you control anger: try some deep breathing first.<\/li>\n<li>Try putting yourself in your instructor\u2019s shoes and seeing the situation from their point of view. Try to understand how grading is not a personal issue of \u201cliking\u201d you\u2014that they are really doing something for your educational benefit.<\/li>\n<li>It\u2019s not your life that\u2019s being graded. Things outside your control can result in not doing well on a test or assignment, but the instructor can grade only on what you actually did on that test or assignment\u2014not what you <em class=\"im_emphasis\">could have done<\/em> or <em class=\"im_emphasis\">are capable of doing<\/em>. Understanding this can help you accept what happened and not take a grade personally.<span id=\"fwk-lochhaas-fn07_001\" class=\"im_footnote\">Adapted from \u201cHow to Communicate and Problem Solve with Your Instructor,\u201d <a class=\"im_link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.gpslifeplan.org\/generic\/pdf\/how-to-communicate-with-professor.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.gpslifeplan.org\/generic\/pdf\/how-to-communicate-with-professor.pdf<\/a> (accessed December 27, 2009).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s05\" class=\"im_section\">\n<h2 class=\"im_title im_editable im_block\">Finding a Mentor<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/mentor.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-784\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/mentor-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Mentor and mentee in office\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/mentor-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/mentor-65x43.jpg 65w, https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/mentor-225x150.jpg 225w, https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/mentor-350x233.jpg 350w, https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/mentor.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>A <span class=\"im_margin_term\"><span class=\"im_glossterm\">mentor<\/span><\/span> is someone who is usually older and more experienced than you who becomes your trusted guide, advisor, and role model. A mentor is someone you may want to be like in your future career or profession\u2014someone you look up to and whose advice and guidance you respect.<\/p>\n<p>Finding a mentor can be one of the most fulfilling aspects of college. As a student, you think about many things and make many decisions, large and small, almost daily: What do you want to do in the future? How can you best balance your studies with your job? What should you major in? Should you take this course or that one? What should you do if you feel like you\u2019re failing a course? Where should you put your priorities as you prepare for a future career? How can you be a better student? The questions go on and on. We talk about things like this with our friends and often family members, but often they don\u2019t have the same experience or background to help us as a mentor can.<\/p>\n<p>Most important, a mentor is someone who is willing to help you, to talk with you about decisions you face, to support you when things become difficult, and to guide you when you\u2019re feeling lost. A mentor can become a valuable part of your future network but also can help you in the here and now.<\/p>\n<p>Many different people can become mentors: other students, family members, people you know through work, your boss. As a college student, however, your best mentor likely is someone involved in education: your advisor, a more experienced student, or an instructor. Finding a mentor is another reason to develop good relationships with your instructors, starting with class participation and communication outside of class.<\/p>\n<p>A mentor is not like a good friend, exactly\u2014you\u2019re not going to invite your instructor to a movie\u2014but it does involve a form of friendship. Nor is a mentor a formal relationship: you don\u2019t ask an instructor to become your mentor. The mentor relationship is more informal and develops slowly, often without actively looking for a mentor. Here\u2019s an example of how one student \u201cfound\u201d a mentor:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>As a freshman taking several classes, Miguel particularly liked and admired one of his instructors, Professor Canton. Miguel spoke up more in Canton\u2019s class and talked with him sometimes during office hours. When it was time to register for the next term, Miguel saw that Canton was teaching another course he was interested in, so he asked him about that course one day during office hours. Miguel was pleased when Professor Canton said he\u2019d like to have him in his class next term.<\/p>\n<p>By the end of his first year of college, Miguel seemed to know Canton better than any of his other instructors and felt very comfortable talking with him outside of class. One day after talking about a reading assignment, Miguel said he was enjoying this class so much that he was thinking about majoring in this subject and asked Professor Canton what he thought about it. Canton suggested that he take a few more classes before making a decision, and he invited Miguel to sit in on a seminar of upper-level students he was holding.<\/p>\n<p>In his second year, Miguel\u2019s interests turned in another direction as he began to think about his future job possibilities, but by then he felt comfortable enough talking with Canton that he occasionally he stopped by the professor\u2019s office even though he was not taking a class with him. Sometimes he was surprised how much Professor Canton knew about other departments and other faculty, and Canton often shared insights about other courses he might be interested in that his advisor had not directed him to. When Miguel learned about a summer internship in his field and was considering applying, Canton not only volunteered to write him a letter of recommendation but even offered to help Miguel with the essay part of the application if he wanted.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Some colleges have more formal mentoring programs, and you should become involved in one if you have this opportunity, but often a mentoring relationship occurs informally as you get to know an instructor or another person over time. In your first year, you don\u2019t go searching frantically for a mentor, but you should begin interacting with your instructors and other students in ways that may lead, over time, to developing that kind of relationship.<\/p>\n<p>Similarly, your academic advisor or a college counselor might become a mentor for you if you share interests and you look up to that person as a role model and trusted guide. Your advisor is so important for your college success that if you feel you are not getting along well, you should ask the advising department to switch you to a different advisor. Take the time to build a good relationship with your advisor, the same as with instructors\u2014following the same guidelines in this chapter for communication and interaction.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s06\" class=\"im_section\">\n<h2 class=\"im_title im_editable im_block\">Relating to an Instructor of an Online Course<\/h2>\n<p>Online courses have grown tremendously in recent years, and most colleges now have at least some online courses. While online learning once focused on students at a distance from campus, now many students enrolled in regular classes also take some courses online. Online courses have a number of practical benefits but also pose special issues, primarily related to how students interact with other students and the instructor.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/online-class.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-785\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/online-class-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Two students working on online class\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/online-class-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/online-class-65x43.jpg 65w, https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/online-class-225x150.jpg 225w, https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/online-class-350x233.jpg 350w, https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-collegesuccess2x48x111\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2216\/2015\/04\/online-class.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>Some online courses do involve \u201cface time\u201d or live audio connections with the instructor and other students, via Webcasts or Webinars, but many are self-paced and asynchronous, meaning that you experience the course on your own time and communicate with others via messages back and forth rather than communicating in real time. All online courses include opportunities for interacting with the instructor, typically through e-mail or a bulletin board where you may see comments and questions from other students as well.<\/p>\n<p>Many educators argue that online courses can involve <em class=\"im_emphasis\">more<\/em> interaction between students and the instructor than in a large lecture class, not less. But two important differences affect how that interaction occurs and how successful it is for engaging students in learning. Most communication is written, with no or limited opportunity to ask questions face to face or during office hours, and students must take the initiative to interact beyond the requirements of online assignments.<\/p>\n<p>Many students enjoy online courses, in part for the practical benefit of scheduling your own time. Some students who are reluctant to speak in class communicate more easily in writing. But other students may have less confidence in their writing skills or may never initiate interaction at all and end up feeling lost. Depending on your learning style, an online course may feel natural to you (if you learn well independently and through language skills) or more difficult (if you are a more visual or kinesthetic learner). Online courses have higher drop-out and failure rates due to some students feeling isolated and unmotivated.<\/p>\n<p>Success in an online course requires commitment and motivation. Follow these guidelines:<\/p>\n<ul id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s06_l01\" class=\"im_itemizedlist im_editable im_block\">\n<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Make sure you have the technology.<\/strong> If you\u2019re not comfortable reading and writing on a computer, don\u2019t rush into an online course. If you have limited access to a computer or high-speed Internet connection, or have to arrange your schedule to use a computer elsewhere, you may have difficulty with the course.<\/li>\n<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Accept that you\u2019ll have to motivate yourself and take responsibility for your learning.<\/strong> It\u2019s actually harder for some people to sit down at the computer on their own than to show up at a set time. Be sure you have enough time in your week for all course activities and try to schedule regular times online and for assignments. Evaluate the course requirements carefully before signing up.<\/li>\n<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Work on your writing skills.<\/strong> If you are not comfortable writing, you may want to defer taking online courses until you have had more experience with college-level writing. When communicating with the instructor of an online course, follow the guidelines for effective e-mail outlined earlier.<\/li>\n<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Use critical thinking skills.<\/strong> Most online courses involve assignments requiring problem solving and critical thinking. It\u2019s not as simple as watching video lectures and taking multiple-choice tests. You need to actively engage with the course material.<\/li>\n<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Take the initiative to ask questions and seek help.<\/strong> Remember, your instructor can\u2019t see you to know if you\u2019re confused or feeling frustrated understanding a lecture or reading. You must take the first step to communicate your questions.<\/li>\n<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Be patient.<\/strong> When you ask a question or seek help with an assignment, you have to wait for a reply from your instructor. You may need to continue with a reading or writing assignment before you receive a reply. If the instructor is online at scheduled times for direct contact, take advantage of those times for immediate feedback and answers.<\/li>\n<li><strong class=\"im_emphasis im_bold\">Use any opportunity to interact with other students in the course.<\/strong> If you can interact with other students online, do it. Ask questions of other students and monitor their communications. If you know another person taking the same course, try to synchronize your schedules so that you can study together and talk over assignments. Students who feel they are part of a learning community always do better than those who feel isolated and on their own.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"lochhaas-ch07_s03_s06_n01\" class=\"im_key_takeaways im_editable im_block\">\n<div id=\"post-355\" class=\"post-355 chapter type-chapter status-publish hentry type-1\">\n<div class=\"entry-content\">\n<div class=\"im_section\">\n<div class=\"im_section\">\n<div id=\"mclean-ch03_s01_s02_n01\" class=\"im_key_takeaways im_editable im_block\">\n<div class=\"bcc-box bcc-success\">\n<h3>KEY TAKEAWAYs<\/h3>\n<section>\n<div data-type=\"note\">\n<ul>\n<li>Additional benefits of getting to know and networking with instructors include receiving references and academic advice.<\/li>\n<li>Interacting with college instructors contributes to the growth and intellectual maturity that are part of what it means to be \u201ceducated.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Prepare in advance before meeting with an instructor and communicate respectfully, honestly, and sincerely. Your efforts will be repaid.<\/li>\n<li>It is especially important for part-time and nontraditional students to make the effort to interact with instructors.<\/li>\n<li>Follow accepted guidelines for professional use of e-mail with instructors.<\/li>\n<li>It is worthwhile speaking with an instructor when you disagree about a grade because of what you will learn in this interaction.<\/li>\n<li>Finding a mentor can be one of the most fulfilling experiences in college. Getting to know your instructors may be the first step toward find a mentor.<\/li>\n<li>Online courses involve special issues for effective learning, but you must make the effort to interact with the instructor and other students in a way that encourages your success.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bcc-box bcc-info\">\n<h3>Checkpoint EXERCISES<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>Name three benefits you might gain from talking with an instructor weeks or months after the course has ended.<\/li>\n<li>What should you do before going to see your instructor during office hours?<\/li>\n<li>For each of the following statements, circle T for true or F for false:\n<div class=\"im_informaltable\">\n<table cellpadding=\"0\" style=\"border-spacing: 0px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>T<\/td>\n<td>F<\/td>\n<td>The instructor of a large lecture course will recognize you even if you sit in the back and try not to be noticed.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T<\/td>\n<td>F<\/td>\n<td>Instructors appreciate it when you talk to them in the kind of language you use with your best friends.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T<\/td>\n<td>F<\/td>\n<td>Whining and complaining is the best way to convince an instructor to change your grade.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T<\/td>\n<td>F<\/td>\n<td>It is acceptable to ask an instructor if you can rewrite a paper or do extra-credit work to help make up for a poor grade.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>Write an appropriate opening for an e-mail to an instructor.<\/li>\n<li>Think for a few minutes about all the past instructors you have had. Would you like to get to know any one of them better, perhaps as a mentor? What personality traits does this person have that would make him or her your ideal mentor? (If no instructor you have met so far is your idea of a perfect mentor, write down the traits you hope to find in an instructor in the future.)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"post-citations sidebar\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-103\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Success in College. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: anonymous. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/2012books.lardbucket.org\/\">http:\/\/2012books.lardbucket.org\/<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Image of smiling professor. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Nearsoft Inc. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/ebAtiV\">https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/ebAtiV<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Image of nontraditional student. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Ray Cross. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/d74jJd\">https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/d74jJd<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC: Attribution-NonCommercial<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Image of email envelopes. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: RaHuL Rodriguez. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/eXF7Kk\">https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/eXF7Kk<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Image of mentor and mentee. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: JAXPORT. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/nCwpGs\">https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/nCwpGs<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC: Attribution-NonCommercial<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Image of online class work. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Prime Education. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/c42dXN\">https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/c42dXN<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC: 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