3D

score rank cls_profs cls_students age
4.7 tenure track single 43 36
4.1 tenure track single 125 36
3.9 tenure track single 125 36
4.8 tenure track single 123 36
4.6 tenured multiple 20 59
4.3 tenured multiple 40 59
2.8 tenured multiple 44 59
4.1 tenured single 55 51
3.4 tenured single 195 51
4.5 tenured single 46 40
A woman working on a laptop and checking her phone. On the left, there are three check boxes displayed: a frowning face, a neutral face, and a smiling face. The smiling face check box is marked with a check, and the other two are marked with an X.
cls_did_eval cls_perc_eval age cls_students score
24 55.81395 36 43 4.7
86 68.8 36 125 4.1
76 60.8 36 125 3.9
77 62.60163 36 123 4.8
17 85 59 20 4.6
35 87.5 59 40 4.3
39 88.63636 59 44 2.8
55 100 51 55 4.1
111 56.92308 51 195 3.4
40 86.95652 40 46 4.5
season episode title us_views_millions imdb_rating
1 1 The Pilot 21.5 8.3
1 2 The One with the Sonogram at the End 20.2 8.1
1 3 The One with the Thumb 19.5 8.2
1 4 The One with George Stephanopoulos 19.7 8.1
1 5 The One with the East German Laundry Detergent 18.6 8.5
1 6 The One with the Butt 18.2 8.1
1 7 The One with the Blackout 23.5 9
1 8 The One Where Nana Dies Twice 21.1 8.1
1 9 The One Where Underdog Gets Away 23.1 8.2
1 10 The One with the Monkey 19.9 8.1

Two bar graphs, comparing the IMDB rating for episodes of friends in season 1 and season 10. In the season one graph, the data primarily lies on the left side of the graph, with the data steeply dropping off as you move to the right. In the season ten graph, the data has a peak in the center of the graph, with less data as you move to the left or right.

species island bill_length_mm bill_depth_mm flipper_length_mm body_mass_g sex year
Adelie Torgersen 39.1 18.7 181 3,750 male 2007
Adelie Torgersen 39.5 17.4 186 3,800 female 2007
Adelie Torgersen 40.3 18 195 3,250 female 2007
Adelie Torgersen N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 2007
Adelie Torgersen 36.7 19.3 193 3,450 female 2007
Adelie Torgersen 39.3 20.6 190 3,650 male 2007
Adelie Torgersen 38.9 17.8 181 3,625 female 2007
Adelie Torgersen 39.2 19.6 195 4,675 male 2007
Adelie Torgersen 34.1 18.1 193 3,475 N/A 2007
Adelie Torgersen 42 20.2 190 4,250 N/A 2007

Three bar graphs are shown, depicting different ways data can be distributed. The graph on the left shows left-skewed data, where there is little to no data on the left, and a steep increase in the amount of data as we move to the right, creating a long “tail” on the left. The middle graph shows symmetric data, where most of the data lies in the center of the graph, with a steep decrease of data as you move to the right or left. The graph on the right shows right-skewed data, where there is little to no data on the right, and a steep increase in the amount of data as we move to the left, creating a long “tail” to the right. Four bar graphs are shown, depicting different modes of data. The first graph is unimodal, where the data has one peak it is centered around. The second graph is bimodal, where there are two peaks of data with a trough in the middle separating the two peaks. The third graph is multimodal, where there are multiple peaks of data with troughs between them (in this example, there are three peaks of data). The last graph is uniform, showing a consistent spread of data with no distinct peaks.

Skill or Concept: I can . . . Questions to check your understanding Rating
from 1 to 5
Use technology to make a histogram of a quantitative variable. 1
Use a histogram to answer questions about the distribution of a quantitative variable. 2
Describe the shape of a distribution. 3
Describe the center and spread of a distribution. 4, 5
Identify if there are outliers in a distribution. 6
Match the description of a distribution to the graphical display. 7

Glossary

minimum
the smallest observation or value.
maximum
the largest observation or value.
shape
the overall pattern (left skewed, right skewed, symmetric) and the number of peaks (unimodal, bimodal, multimodal, uniform).
center
a measure that describes where the middle of the distribution is. The center is a number that describes a typical value. For example, one way to think about center is that it could be the point in the distribution where about half of the observations are below it and half are above it.
spread
a measure of how far apart the data are. In this lesson, the range is used to measure spread. The range is the difference between the maximum value and minimum value.
outlier
unusual observations that are outside the general pattern of the distribution.
skew/skewness
a visual difference from symmetry in a dataset.
modality
the number of peaks in the description of the shape in a dataset.
unimodal
one prominent peak in the distribution.
bimodal
two prominent peaks in the distribution.
multimodal
three or more prominent peaks in the distribution.
uniform
no prominent peaks in the distribution.
range
the difference between the minimum and maximum values in the dataset.
symmetric
the left and right sides of the distribution (closely) mirror each other. If you drew a vertical line down the center of the distribution and folded the distribution in half, the left and right sides would closely match one another.
left-skewed
the visual distribution where the left side has a longer tail.
right-skewed
the visual distribution where the right side has a longer tail.