{"id":3833,"date":"2022-03-15T23:05:16","date_gmt":"2022-03-15T23:05:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=3833"},"modified":"2022-04-28T14:01:08","modified_gmt":"2022-04-28T14:01:08","slug":"forming-connections-in-5-c","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/chapter\/forming-connections-in-5-c\/","title":{"raw":"Forming Connections in 5.C: Interrogating and Critiquing Complex Visual Displays","rendered":"Forming Connections in 5.C: Interrogating and Critiquing Complex Visual Displays"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Objectives for this activity<\/h3>\r\nDuring this activity, you will:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">Demonstrate how to use a rating scale to critique a complex graphical display.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>Complex Graphical Displays in the Media<\/h2>\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-1164 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5738\/2022\/01\/12023639\/Picture106-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"A table with lots of different graphs and charts spread out on top of it. There are people standing nearby examining them.\" width=\"600\" height=\"399\" \/>\r\n\r\nYou've learned quite a lot about reading and interpreting graphical displays in this module. You've seen examples of good displays and learned the type of design errors and inconsistencies that can cause a graph or display to be misleading. In this activity, you'll use your knowledge of complex graphical displays and apply principles of design to critique a set of graphical displays and you'll\u00a0see that complex graphical displays encountered in the media are not all accurately and correctly created and\/or interpreted.\r\n\r\nLet's begin by recalling the criteria for effective visualization and some of the ways you can tell a graph may have a misleading component.\r\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\r\n<h3>Recall<\/h3>\r\nCore skill:\u00a0[reveal-answer q=\"738949\"]List the criteria for effective visualization[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"738949\"]The criteria are design, precision, efficiency, use of time, use of ink, use of space, and multivariate.[\/hidden-answer]\r\n\r\nCore skill:\u00a0[reveal-answer q=\"506519\"]List some indications that a graph may have a misleading component[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"506519\"]For example, if a graph is missing and axis, contains an extra axis, or exhibits incorrect use of a color scale or inconsistent magnitudes along an axis, it may provide misleading representation of data. [\/hidden-answer]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nThink about Question 1 individually, then share your answer with a partner.\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>question 1<\/h3>\r\nHave you experienced situations where the media presented graphical displays that seemed confusing or were misleading?\r\n\r\nIf so, how did you determine the graphical displays were flawed?\r\n\r\n[reveal-answer q=\"62590\"]Hint[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"62590\"]If you can't think of a situation outside of this class, consider some of the misleading graphs you've observed as examples in this course.[\/hidden-answer]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\r\n<h3>Guidance<\/h3>\r\n<span style=\"background-color: #e6daf7;\">[Intro: Were you able to recall a particular misleading graph or one that seemed confusing? A graph's author may not intend to confuse, but if vital information is missing it could render the graph useless at best and misleading at worst. Some disreputable organizations online even attempt to deliberately mislead by omitting information or providing inconsistent scales. Being able to critique a display for effective visualization or misleading components is a useful skill to have and one that increases in power through repeated use.]<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nTo gain experience critiquing graphs, you'll participate in a gallery walk. Apply everything you've learned so far about design and components to complete the activity.\r\n\r\nBefore beginning the gallery walk activity, let's critique a practice graphical display.\r\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\r\n<h3>example<\/h3>\r\nCritique the graphical display by answering the questions below.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4635\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5738\/2022\/03\/27034824\/tumblr_prckqg8EcX1sgh0voo1_1280.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"931\" \/>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"background-color: #ffff99;\">[Note: This is provided by DC in the Instructor Guide page. Please cite this properly and add alt text. I am unsure of the best way to do these according to Lumen style guides]<\/span>\r\n\r\nEvaluate this graphical display by answering these questions.\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Is this graph clear in communicating patterns\/trends?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>What are we supposed to be comparing in this graph?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>What do the different colors represent?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>What is the scale for the bar chart?<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n[reveal-answer q=\"628492\"]Show Answer[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"628492\"]None of the answers to these questions are clear. In particular, note that the bar representing 42.8 deaths per live births is nearly as long as the one representing 76.5. This graph may be misleading, but it is difficult to understand how to interpret death rates \"rising\" with no baseline to use for comparison.[\/hidden-answer]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nNow you try critiquing the displays in the gallery walk activity. Keep an open mind, reflect on the graphs using the criteria and rating scale and consider the types of questions we asked in the practice example able.\r\n<h3>Gallery Walk Activity<\/h3>\r\nTo complete this activity. your instructor will provide four graphical displays for your to critique. You will consider, individually, each display, making individual notes and comments about it. Do not discuss them with other students before making your comments. Once you record your ideas, please respond to comments others have made. You'll need the best practices criteria and a rating scale to evaluate the graphical displays. Your teacher may provide you a hard copy. One is linked below for you to view digitally or print out as needed.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"background-color: #ffff99;\">[link to the DC Instructor Page (page 7), Best Practices Criteria, in pdf form]<\/span>\r\n\r\nYour instructor will provide digital or printed copies of the four graphical displays. Follow the instructions below to critique each of the graphs.\r\n<div class=\"textbox\">\r\n\r\n<strong>At each station:<\/strong>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Rate the graphical display using the ranking criteria and rating scale provided by your instructor.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Consider the graphical display and complete the following sentence:\u00a0 \u201cThe story I am getting from this graphical display is _______________.\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Make comments in the space provided in the classroom for your classmates to see and\/or respond to comments posted by your classmates.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\r\n<h3>Guidance<\/h3>\r\n<span style=\"background-color: #e6daf7;\">[Summary: Now that you've had a chance to observe the graphical displays on your own and respond to others, what did you conclude? That is, based on your rating scales, which graphical displays could be labeled as misleading? Why? What did you notice about the rating scales for Graphical Displays 1 and 4? How did they compare to the Graphical Displays for 2 and 3?\u00a0 ]<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h3>\u00a0Individual Reflection<\/h3>\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>Question 2<\/h3>\r\nDo any of the graphical displays seem misleading? If so, what are some possible reasons the graphical display(s) may be misleading?\r\n\r\n[reveal-answer q=\"936256\"]Hint[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"936256\"]Reflect on your own and your shared experiences with the graphs. [\/hidden-answer]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\r\n<h3>Guidance<\/h3>\r\n<span style=\"background-color: #e6daf7;\">[Wrap-up: Hopefully you've discovered in this experience the importance of having a critical perspective when interpreting complex visual displays. That is, they should be questioned by using a standard criteria. Ask questions about the visualization techniques utilized. Remind yourself of some of the reasons a graphical display can be misleading. Arm yourself with the ability to critique displays presented in the media. ]<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Objectives for this activity<\/h3>\n<p>During this activity, you will:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">Demonstrate how to use a rating scale to critique a complex graphical display.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Complex Graphical Displays in the Media<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1164 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5738\/2022\/01\/12023639\/Picture106-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"A table with lots of different graphs and charts spread out on top of it. There are people standing nearby examining them.\" width=\"600\" height=\"399\" \/><\/p>\n<p>You&#8217;ve learned quite a lot about reading and interpreting graphical displays in this module. You&#8217;ve seen examples of good displays and learned the type of design errors and inconsistencies that can cause a graph or display to be misleading. In this activity, you&#8217;ll use your knowledge of complex graphical displays and apply principles of design to critique a set of graphical displays and you&#8217;ll\u00a0see that complex graphical displays encountered in the media are not all accurately and correctly created and\/or interpreted.<\/p>\n<p>Let&#8217;s begin by recalling the criteria for effective visualization and some of the ways you can tell a graph may have a misleading component.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\n<h3>Recall<\/h3>\n<p>Core skill:\u00a0<\/p>\n<div class=\"qa-wrapper\" style=\"display: block\"><span class=\"show-answer collapsed\" style=\"cursor: pointer\" data-target=\"q738949\">List the criteria for effective visualization<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"q738949\" class=\"hidden-answer\" style=\"display: none\">The criteria are design, precision, efficiency, use of time, use of ink, use of space, and multivariate.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Core skill:\u00a0<\/p>\n<div class=\"qa-wrapper\" style=\"display: block\"><span class=\"show-answer collapsed\" style=\"cursor: pointer\" data-target=\"q506519\">List some indications that a graph may have a misleading component<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"q506519\" class=\"hidden-answer\" style=\"display: none\">For example, if a graph is missing and axis, contains an extra axis, or exhibits incorrect use of a color scale or inconsistent magnitudes along an axis, it may provide misleading representation of data. <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Think about Question 1 individually, then share your answer with a partner.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>question 1<\/h3>\n<p>Have you experienced situations where the media presented graphical displays that seemed confusing or were misleading?<\/p>\n<p>If so, how did you determine the graphical displays were flawed?<\/p>\n<div class=\"qa-wrapper\" style=\"display: block\"><span class=\"show-answer collapsed\" style=\"cursor: pointer\" data-target=\"q62590\">Hint<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"q62590\" class=\"hidden-answer\" style=\"display: none\">If you can&#8217;t think of a situation outside of this class, consider some of the misleading graphs you&#8217;ve observed as examples in this course.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Guidance<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"background-color: #e6daf7;\">[Intro: Were you able to recall a particular misleading graph or one that seemed confusing? A graph&#8217;s author may not intend to confuse, but if vital information is missing it could render the graph useless at best and misleading at worst. Some disreputable organizations online even attempt to deliberately mislead by omitting information or providing inconsistent scales. Being able to critique a display for effective visualization or misleading components is a useful skill to have and one that increases in power through repeated use.]<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>To gain experience critiquing graphs, you&#8217;ll participate in a gallery walk. Apply everything you&#8217;ve learned so far about design and components to complete the activity.<\/p>\n<p>Before beginning the gallery walk activity, let&#8217;s critique a practice graphical display.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>example<\/h3>\n<p>Critique the graphical display by answering the questions below.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4635\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5738\/2022\/03\/27034824\/tumblr_prckqg8EcX1sgh0voo1_1280.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"931\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color: #ffff99;\">[Note: This is provided by DC in the Instructor Guide page. Please cite this properly and add alt text. I am unsure of the best way to do these according to Lumen style guides]<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Evaluate this graphical display by answering these questions.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Is this graph clear in communicating patterns\/trends?<\/li>\n<li>What are we supposed to be comparing in this graph?<\/li>\n<li>What do the different colors represent?<\/li>\n<li>What is the scale for the bar chart?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"qa-wrapper\" style=\"display: block\"><span class=\"show-answer collapsed\" style=\"cursor: pointer\" data-target=\"q628492\">Show Answer<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"q628492\" class=\"hidden-answer\" style=\"display: none\">None of the answers to these questions are clear. In particular, note that the bar representing 42.8 deaths per live births is nearly as long as the one representing 76.5. This graph may be misleading, but it is difficult to understand how to interpret death rates &#8220;rising&#8221; with no baseline to use for comparison.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Now you try critiquing the displays in the gallery walk activity. Keep an open mind, reflect on the graphs using the criteria and rating scale and consider the types of questions we asked in the practice example able.<\/p>\n<h3>Gallery Walk Activity<\/h3>\n<p>To complete this activity. your instructor will provide four graphical displays for your to critique. You will consider, individually, each display, making individual notes and comments about it. Do not discuss them with other students before making your comments. Once you record your ideas, please respond to comments others have made. You&#8217;ll need the best practices criteria and a rating scale to evaluate the graphical displays. Your teacher may provide you a hard copy. One is linked below for you to view digitally or print out as needed.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color: #ffff99;\">[link to the DC Instructor Page (page 7), Best Practices Criteria, in pdf form]<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Your instructor will provide digital or printed copies of the four graphical displays. Follow the instructions below to critique each of the graphs.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox\">\n<p><strong>At each station:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Rate the graphical display using the ranking criteria and rating scale provided by your instructor.<\/li>\n<li>Consider the graphical display and complete the following sentence:\u00a0 \u201cThe story I am getting from this graphical display is _______________.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Make comments in the space provided in the classroom for your classmates to see and\/or respond to comments posted by your classmates.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Guidance<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"background-color: #e6daf7;\">[Summary: Now that you&#8217;ve had a chance to observe the graphical displays on your own and respond to others, what did you conclude? That is, based on your rating scales, which graphical displays could be labeled as misleading? Why? What did you notice about the rating scales for Graphical Displays 1 and 4? How did they compare to the Graphical Displays for 2 and 3?\u00a0 ]<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u00a0Individual Reflection<\/h3>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Question 2<\/h3>\n<p>Do any of the graphical displays seem misleading? If so, what are some possible reasons the graphical display(s) may be misleading?<\/p>\n<div class=\"qa-wrapper\" style=\"display: block\"><span class=\"show-answer collapsed\" style=\"cursor: pointer\" data-target=\"q936256\">Hint<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"q936256\" class=\"hidden-answer\" style=\"display: none\">Reflect on your own and your shared experiences with the graphs. <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Guidance<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"background-color: #e6daf7;\">[Wrap-up: Hopefully you&#8217;ve discovered in this experience the importance of having a critical perspective when interpreting complex visual displays. That is, they should be questioned by using a standard criteria. Ask questions about the visualization techniques utilized. Remind yourself of some of the reasons a graphical display can be misleading. Arm yourself with the ability to critique displays presented in the media. ]<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":428269,"menu_order":14,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-3833","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":3807,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/3833","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/428269"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/3833\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4669,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/3833\/revisions\/4669"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/3807"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/3833\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3833"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=3833"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=3833"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=3833"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}