{"id":5450,"date":"2022-08-30T02:27:35","date_gmt":"2022-08-30T02:27:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=5450"},"modified":"2022-08-30T02:27:35","modified_gmt":"2022-08-30T02:27:35","slug":"14a-coreq","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/chapter\/14a-coreq\/","title":{"raw":"14A Coreq","rendered":"14A Coreq"},"content":{"raw":"In the next in-class activity, you will need to visually assess and make comparisons\u00a0 between groups using graphical displays. This corequisite support activity will provide a\u00a0 review of interpreting graphical displays and making connections between graphs,\u00a0 measures of variation, and measures of center.\r\n\r\nInterpreting Graphical Displays\r\n\r\nThis support activity revisits data from a sleep study[footnote]Onyper, S. V., Thacher, P. V., Gilbert, J. W., &amp; Gradess, S. G. (2012). Class start times, sleep, and\u00a0 academic performance in college: A path analysis. Chronobiology International, 29(3), 318\u2013335.[\/footnote] that we\u2019ve explored throughout the\u00a0 course. Recall that the researchers in this study were interested in a number of\u00a0 variables related to college students\u2019 sleeping habits, health, academic success, and\u00a0 alcohol consumption.\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>Question 1<\/h3>\r\n1) The following boxplots summarize the number of morning classes missed by\u00a0 students based on whether they consumed a large number of alcoholic drinks per\u00a0 week (Heavy), a moderate number of alcoholic drinks per week (Moderate), a few\u00a0 alcoholic drinks per week (Light), or no alcoholic drinks per week (Abstain).<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5738\/2022\/01\/26202653\/Picture432-300x139.png\" alt=\"Side-by-side box plots labeled \u201cClasses Missed\u201d on the horizontal axis, with \u201cHeavy,\u201d \u201cModerate,\u201d \u201cLight,\u201d and \u201cAbstain\u201d on the vertical axis. For heavy, the low point is at approximately 0 and the high point is approximately 6, with the low end of the box at approximately 0.5, the high end at approximately 3, and the middle line at approximately 2. For moderate, the low point is at approximately 0 and the high point is at approximately 10. The low end of the box is at approximately 0, the high end is at approximately 4, and the middle line is at approximately 2. There are also points at approximately 13, 14, 15, and 20. For light, the low point is at approximately 0 and the high point is at approximately 5. The low end of the box is at approximately 0, the high end is at approximately 2, and the middle line is at approximately 1. There are also points at approximately 6, 7, 10, and 12. For Abstain, the low point is at approximately 0 and the high point is at approximately 2. The low end of the box is at approximately 0, the high end of the box is at approximately 1, and no middle line can be identified. There are also points at approximately 4, 14, 15, and 20.\" width=\"449\" height=\"208\" \/>\r\n\r\nPart A: Compare and contrast the classes missed between the groups. Is there\u00a0 anything in particular that you notice from the boxplot?\r\n\r\nPart B: Compare the medians from each group. Which group(s) appear(s) to have the greatest median number of classes missed?\r\n\r\nPart C: Based on the boxplots, which group appears to have less variation in the\u00a0 number of classes missed\u2014the Heavy group or the Moderate group? How\u00a0 do you know?\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>Question 2<\/h3>\r\n2) The following boxplots and histograms (continued on the next page) illustrate the\u00a0 number of morning classes missed by students based on whether they identified as\u00a0 Morning Larks, Night Owls, or Neither.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5738\/2022\/01\/26202658\/Picture442-300x119.png\" alt=\"Side-by-side box plots labeled \u201cMissed Classes\u201d on the x-axis, with \u201cLark,\u201d \u201cOwl,\u201d and \u201cNeither\u201d on the y-axis. For Lark, the low point is at 0 and the high point is at approximately 5. The low end of the box is at 0, the high end is at approximately 2, and the middle line is at approximately 1. There are also points at approximately 6 and 8. For Owl, the low point is at 0 and the high point is at approximately 12. The low end of the box plot is at approximately 1, the high end is at approximately 5, and the middle line is at approximately 2. There are also points at approximately 13, 14, 15, and 20. For neither, the low point is at 0 and the high point is at 5. The low end of the box is at 0, the high end is at 2, and the middle line is at 1. There are also points at approximately 6, 7, 10, and 14.\" width=\"640\" height=\"254\" \/><img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5738\/2022\/01\/26202703\/Picture452-300x206.png\" alt=\"Side-by-side histograms labeled \u201cMissed Classes\u201d on the x-axis. There is a legend showing that green indicates lark, yellow indicates owl, and brown indicates neither. The first histogram is green. For 0, the value is approximately 17. For 1-2, the value is approximately 8. For 3, the value is approximately 2. For 4, the value is approximately 1. For 5-6, the value is approximately 2. For 8, the value is approximately 1. The next histogram is yellow. For 0-4, the value is approximately 35. For 5-9, the value is approximately 7. For 10-14, the value is approximately 5. For 15-20, the value is approximately 3. The next histogram is brown. For 0, the value is approximately 65. For 1, the value is approximately 35. For 2, the value is approximately 24. For 3, the value is approximately 11. For 4, the value is approximately 8. For 5-6, the value is approximately 7. For 10, the value is approximately 2. For 14, the value is approximately 1.\" width=\"647\" height=\"444\" \/>\r\n\r\nPart A: Compare and contrast the classes missed between the various groups. Is\u00a0 there anything in particular that you notice from the boxplot and histogram?\r\n\r\nPart B: Based on the previous graphical displays, if we were to calculate the\u00a0 standard deviation for each of these groups, which group do you think would\u00a0 have the greatest value? Explain.\r\n\r\nPart C: Based on the previous graphical displays, if we were to calculate the median for each of these groups, which group would have the greatest value?\u00a0 Explain.\r\n\r\nPart D: Based on the previous graphical displays, if we were to calculate the mean for each of these groups, which group do you think would have the greatest value? Explain.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>Question 3<\/h3>\r\n3) Using the DCMP Describing and Exploring Quantitative Variables tool at\u00a0 https:\/\/dcmathpathways.shinyapps.io\/EDA_quantitative\/, select the appropriate dataset and calculate descriptive statistics for the classes missed based on whether\u00a0 individuals identified as Morning Larks, Night Owls, or Neither. Complete the following table.\r\n<div align=\"left\">\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Sleep Type<\/td>\r\n<td>n<\/td>\r\n<td>Mean<\/td>\r\n<td>Median<\/td>\r\n<td>Std. Dev.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Morning Lark<\/td>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Night Owl<\/td>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Neither<\/td>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>Question 4<\/h3>\r\n4) Do your calculations align with your answers in Question 2? Explain.<\/div>","rendered":"<p>In the next in-class activity, you will need to visually assess and make comparisons\u00a0 between groups using graphical displays. This corequisite support activity will provide a\u00a0 review of interpreting graphical displays and making connections between graphs,\u00a0 measures of variation, and measures of center.<\/p>\n<p>Interpreting Graphical Displays<\/p>\n<p>This support activity revisits data from a sleep study<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Onyper, S. V., Thacher, P. V., Gilbert, J. W., &amp; Gradess, S. G. (2012). Class start times, sleep, and\u00a0 academic performance in college: A path analysis. Chronobiology International, 29(3), 318\u2013335.\" id=\"return-footnote-5450-1\" href=\"#footnote-5450-1\" aria-label=\"Footnote 1\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[1]<\/sup><\/a> that we\u2019ve explored throughout the\u00a0 course. Recall that the researchers in this study were interested in a number of\u00a0 variables related to college students\u2019 sleeping habits, health, academic success, and\u00a0 alcohol consumption.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Question 1<\/h3>\n<p>1) The following boxplots summarize the number of morning classes missed by\u00a0 students based on whether they consumed a large number of alcoholic drinks per\u00a0 week (Heavy), a moderate number of alcoholic drinks per week (Moderate), a few\u00a0 alcoholic drinks per week (Light), or no alcoholic drinks per week (Abstain).<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5738\/2022\/01\/26202653\/Picture432-300x139.png\" alt=\"Side-by-side box plots labeled \u201cClasses Missed\u201d on the horizontal axis, with \u201cHeavy,\u201d \u201cModerate,\u201d \u201cLight,\u201d and \u201cAbstain\u201d on the vertical axis. For heavy, the low point is at approximately 0 and the high point is approximately 6, with the low end of the box at approximately 0.5, the high end at approximately 3, and the middle line at approximately 2. For moderate, the low point is at approximately 0 and the high point is at approximately 10. The low end of the box is at approximately 0, the high end is at approximately 4, and the middle line is at approximately 2. There are also points at approximately 13, 14, 15, and 20. For light, the low point is at approximately 0 and the high point is at approximately 5. The low end of the box is at approximately 0, the high end is at approximately 2, and the middle line is at approximately 1. There are also points at approximately 6, 7, 10, and 12. For Abstain, the low point is at approximately 0 and the high point is at approximately 2. The low end of the box is at approximately 0, the high end of the box is at approximately 1, and no middle line can be identified. There are also points at approximately 4, 14, 15, and 20.\" width=\"449\" height=\"208\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Part A: Compare and contrast the classes missed between the groups. Is there\u00a0 anything in particular that you notice from the boxplot?<\/p>\n<p>Part B: Compare the medians from each group. Which group(s) appear(s) to have the greatest median number of classes missed?<\/p>\n<p>Part C: Based on the boxplots, which group appears to have less variation in the\u00a0 number of classes missed\u2014the Heavy group or the Moderate group? How\u00a0 do you know?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Question 2<\/h3>\n<p>2) The following boxplots and histograms (continued on the next page) illustrate the\u00a0 number of morning classes missed by students based on whether they identified as\u00a0 Morning Larks, Night Owls, or Neither.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5738\/2022\/01\/26202658\/Picture442-300x119.png\" alt=\"Side-by-side box plots labeled \u201cMissed Classes\u201d on the x-axis, with \u201cLark,\u201d \u201cOwl,\u201d and \u201cNeither\u201d on the y-axis. For Lark, the low point is at 0 and the high point is at approximately 5. The low end of the box is at 0, the high end is at approximately 2, and the middle line is at approximately 1. There are also points at approximately 6 and 8. For Owl, the low point is at 0 and the high point is at approximately 12. The low end of the box plot is at approximately 1, the high end is at approximately 5, and the middle line is at approximately 2. There are also points at approximately 13, 14, 15, and 20. For neither, the low point is at 0 and the high point is at 5. The low end of the box is at 0, the high end is at 2, and the middle line is at 1. There are also points at approximately 6, 7, 10, and 14.\" width=\"640\" height=\"254\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5738\/2022\/01\/26202703\/Picture452-300x206.png\" alt=\"Side-by-side histograms labeled \u201cMissed Classes\u201d on the x-axis. There is a legend showing that green indicates lark, yellow indicates owl, and brown indicates neither. The first histogram is green. For 0, the value is approximately 17. For 1-2, the value is approximately 8. For 3, the value is approximately 2. For 4, the value is approximately 1. For 5-6, the value is approximately 2. For 8, the value is approximately 1. The next histogram is yellow. For 0-4, the value is approximately 35. For 5-9, the value is approximately 7. For 10-14, the value is approximately 5. For 15-20, the value is approximately 3. The next histogram is brown. For 0, the value is approximately 65. For 1, the value is approximately 35. For 2, the value is approximately 24. For 3, the value is approximately 11. For 4, the value is approximately 8. For 5-6, the value is approximately 7. For 10, the value is approximately 2. For 14, the value is approximately 1.\" width=\"647\" height=\"444\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Part A: Compare and contrast the classes missed between the various groups. Is\u00a0 there anything in particular that you notice from the boxplot and histogram?<\/p>\n<p>Part B: Based on the previous graphical displays, if we were to calculate the\u00a0 standard deviation for each of these groups, which group do you think would\u00a0 have the greatest value? Explain.<\/p>\n<p>Part C: Based on the previous graphical displays, if we were to calculate the median for each of these groups, which group would have the greatest value?\u00a0 Explain.<\/p>\n<p>Part D: Based on the previous graphical displays, if we were to calculate the mean for each of these groups, which group do you think would have the greatest value? Explain.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Question 3<\/h3>\n<p>3) Using the DCMP Describing and Exploring Quantitative Variables tool at\u00a0 https:\/\/dcmathpathways.shinyapps.io\/EDA_quantitative\/, select the appropriate dataset and calculate descriptive statistics for the classes missed based on whether\u00a0 individuals identified as Morning Larks, Night Owls, or Neither. Complete the following table.<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Sleep Type<\/td>\n<td>n<\/td>\n<td>Mean<\/td>\n<td>Median<\/td>\n<td>Std. Dev.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Morning Lark<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Night Owl<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Neither<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Question 4<\/h3>\n<p>4) Do your calculations align with your answers in Question 2? Explain.<\/p><\/div>\n<hr class=\"before-footnotes clear\" \/><div class=\"footnotes\"><ol><li id=\"footnote-5450-1\">Onyper, S. V., Thacher, P. V., Gilbert, J. W., &amp; Gradess, S. G. (2012). Class start times, sleep, and\u00a0 academic performance in college: A path analysis. Chronobiology International, 29(3), 318\u2013335. <a href=\"#return-footnote-5450-1\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 1\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>","protected":false},"author":23592,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-5450","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":5448,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/5450","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23592"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/5450\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5683,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/5450\/revisions\/5683"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/5448"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/5450\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5450"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=5450"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=5450"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=5450"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}