{"id":968,"date":"2022-01-11T18:42:27","date_gmt":"2022-01-11T18:42:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=968"},"modified":"2022-02-04T19:53:57","modified_gmt":"2022-02-04T19:53:57","slug":"3d","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/chapter\/3d\/","title":{"raw":"3D","rendered":"3D"},"content":{"raw":"<div align=\"center\">\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>score<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>rank<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>cls_profs<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>cls_students<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>age<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>4.7<\/td>\r\n<td>tenure track<\/td>\r\n<td>single<\/td>\r\n<td>43<\/td>\r\n<td>36<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>4.1<\/td>\r\n<td>tenure track<\/td>\r\n<td>single<\/td>\r\n<td>125<\/td>\r\n<td>36<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>3.9<\/td>\r\n<td>tenure track<\/td>\r\n<td>single<\/td>\r\n<td>125<\/td>\r\n<td>36<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>4.8<\/td>\r\n<td>tenure track<\/td>\r\n<td>single<\/td>\r\n<td>123<\/td>\r\n<td>36<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>4.6<\/td>\r\n<td>tenured<\/td>\r\n<td>multiple<\/td>\r\n<td>20<\/td>\r\n<td>59<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>4.3<\/td>\r\n<td>tenured<\/td>\r\n<td>multiple<\/td>\r\n<td>40<\/td>\r\n<td>59<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>2.8<\/td>\r\n<td>tenured<\/td>\r\n<td>multiple<\/td>\r\n<td>44<\/td>\r\n<td>59<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>4.1<\/td>\r\n<td>tenured<\/td>\r\n<td>single<\/td>\r\n<td>55<\/td>\r\n<td>51<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>3.4<\/td>\r\n<td>tenured<\/td>\r\n<td>single<\/td>\r\n<td>195<\/td>\r\n<td>51<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>4.5<\/td>\r\n<td>tenured<\/td>\r\n<td>single<\/td>\r\n<td>46<\/td>\r\n<td>40<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<div align=\"center\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-971\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5738\/2022\/01\/11184039\/Picture111-300x185.jpg\" alt=\"A woman working on a laptop and checking her phone. On the left, there are three check boxes displayed: a frowning face, a neutral face, and a smiling face. The smiling face check box is marked with a check, and the other two are marked with an X. \" width=\"819\" height=\"505\" \/><\/div>\r\n<div align=\"center\">\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>cls_did_eval<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>cls_perc_eval<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>age<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>cls_students<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>score<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>24<\/td>\r\n<td>55.81395<\/td>\r\n<td>36<\/td>\r\n<td>43<\/td>\r\n<td>4.7<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>86<\/td>\r\n<td>68.8<\/td>\r\n<td>36<\/td>\r\n<td>125<\/td>\r\n<td>4.1<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>76<\/td>\r\n<td>60.8<\/td>\r\n<td>36<\/td>\r\n<td>125<\/td>\r\n<td>3.9<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>77<\/td>\r\n<td>62.60163<\/td>\r\n<td>36<\/td>\r\n<td>123<\/td>\r\n<td>4.8<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>17<\/td>\r\n<td>85<\/td>\r\n<td>59<\/td>\r\n<td>20<\/td>\r\n<td>4.6<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>35<\/td>\r\n<td>87.5<\/td>\r\n<td>59<\/td>\r\n<td>40<\/td>\r\n<td>4.3<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>39<\/td>\r\n<td>88.63636<\/td>\r\n<td>59<\/td>\r\n<td>44<\/td>\r\n<td>2.8<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>55<\/td>\r\n<td>100<\/td>\r\n<td>51<\/td>\r\n<td>55<\/td>\r\n<td>4.1<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>111<\/td>\r\n<td>56.92308<\/td>\r\n<td>51<\/td>\r\n<td>195<\/td>\r\n<td>3.4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>40<\/td>\r\n<td>86.95652<\/td>\r\n<td>40<\/td>\r\n<td>46<\/td>\r\n<td>4.5<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>season<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>episode<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>title<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>us_views_millions<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>imdb_rating<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>1<\/td>\r\n<td>1<\/td>\r\n<td>The Pilot<\/td>\r\n<td>21.5<\/td>\r\n<td>8.3<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>1<\/td>\r\n<td>2<\/td>\r\n<td>The One with the Sonogram at the End<\/td>\r\n<td>20.2<\/td>\r\n<td>8.1<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>1<\/td>\r\n<td>3<\/td>\r\n<td>The One with the Thumb<\/td>\r\n<td>19.5<\/td>\r\n<td>8.2<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>1<\/td>\r\n<td>4<\/td>\r\n<td>The One with George Stephanopoulos<\/td>\r\n<td>19.7<\/td>\r\n<td>8.1<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>1<\/td>\r\n<td>5<\/td>\r\n<td>The One with the East German Laundry Detergent<\/td>\r\n<td>18.6<\/td>\r\n<td>8.5<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>1<\/td>\r\n<td>6<\/td>\r\n<td>The One with the Butt<\/td>\r\n<td>18.2<\/td>\r\n<td>8.1<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>1<\/td>\r\n<td>7<\/td>\r\n<td>The One with the Blackout<\/td>\r\n<td>23.5<\/td>\r\n<td>9<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>1<\/td>\r\n<td>8<\/td>\r\n<td>The One Where Nana Dies Twice<\/td>\r\n<td>21.1<\/td>\r\n<td>8.1<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>1<\/td>\r\n<td>9<\/td>\r\n<td>The One Where Underdog Gets Away<\/td>\r\n<td>23.1<\/td>\r\n<td>8.2<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>1<\/td>\r\n<td>10<\/td>\r\n<td>The One with the Monkey<\/td>\r\n<td>19.9<\/td>\r\n<td>8.1<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-972\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5738\/2022\/01\/11184107\/Picture122-300x163.png\" alt=\"Two bar graphs, comparing the IMDB rating for episodes of friends in season 1 and season 10. In the season one graph, the data primarily lies on the left side of the graph, with the data steeply dropping off as you move to the right. In the season ten graph, the data has a peak in the center of the graph, with less data as you move to the left or right. \" width=\"906\" height=\"492\" \/>\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>species<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>island<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>bill_length_mm<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>bill_depth_mm<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>flipper_length_mm<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>body_mass_g<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>sex<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><strong>year<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Adelie<\/td>\r\n<td>Torgersen<\/td>\r\n<td>39.1<\/td>\r\n<td>18.7<\/td>\r\n<td>181<\/td>\r\n<td>3,750<\/td>\r\n<td>male<\/td>\r\n<td>2007<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Adelie<\/td>\r\n<td>Torgersen<\/td>\r\n<td>39.5<\/td>\r\n<td>17.4<\/td>\r\n<td>186<\/td>\r\n<td>3,800<\/td>\r\n<td>female<\/td>\r\n<td>2007<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Adelie<\/td>\r\n<td>Torgersen<\/td>\r\n<td>40.3<\/td>\r\n<td>18<\/td>\r\n<td>195<\/td>\r\n<td>3,250<\/td>\r\n<td>female<\/td>\r\n<td>2007<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Adelie<\/td>\r\n<td>Torgersen<\/td>\r\n<td>N\/A<\/td>\r\n<td>N\/A<\/td>\r\n<td>N\/A<\/td>\r\n<td>N\/A<\/td>\r\n<td>N\/A<\/td>\r\n<td>2007<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Adelie<\/td>\r\n<td>Torgersen<\/td>\r\n<td>36.7<\/td>\r\n<td>19.3<\/td>\r\n<td>193<\/td>\r\n<td>3,450<\/td>\r\n<td>female<\/td>\r\n<td>2007<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Adelie<\/td>\r\n<td>Torgersen<\/td>\r\n<td>39.3<\/td>\r\n<td>20.6<\/td>\r\n<td>190<\/td>\r\n<td>3,650<\/td>\r\n<td>male<\/td>\r\n<td>2007<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Adelie<\/td>\r\n<td>Torgersen<\/td>\r\n<td>38.9<\/td>\r\n<td>17.8<\/td>\r\n<td>181<\/td>\r\n<td>3,625<\/td>\r\n<td>female<\/td>\r\n<td>2007<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Adelie<\/td>\r\n<td>Torgersen<\/td>\r\n<td>39.2<\/td>\r\n<td>19.6<\/td>\r\n<td>195<\/td>\r\n<td>4,675<\/td>\r\n<td>male<\/td>\r\n<td>2007<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Adelie<\/td>\r\n<td>Torgersen<\/td>\r\n<td>34.1<\/td>\r\n<td>18.1<\/td>\r\n<td>193<\/td>\r\n<td>3,475<\/td>\r\n<td>N\/A<\/td>\r\n<td>2007<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Adelie<\/td>\r\n<td>Torgersen<\/td>\r\n<td>42<\/td>\r\n<td>20.2<\/td>\r\n<td>190<\/td>\r\n<td>4,250<\/td>\r\n<td>N\/A<\/td>\r\n<td>2007<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-973\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5738\/2022\/01\/11184151\/Picture131-300x116.png\" alt=\"Three bar graphs are shown, depicting different ways data can be distributed. The graph on the left shows left-skewed data, where there is little to no data on the left, and a steep increase in the amount of data as we move to the right, creating a long \u201ctail\u201d on the left. The middle graph shows symmetric data, where most of the data lies in the center of the graph, with a steep decrease of data as you move to the right or left. The graph on the right shows right-skewed data, where there is little to no data on the right, and a steep increase in the amount of data as we move to the left, creating a long \u201ctail\u201d to the right.\" width=\"892\" height=\"345\" \/> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-974\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5738\/2022\/01\/11184156\/Picture141-300x178.png\" alt=\"Four bar graphs are shown, depicting different modes of data. The first graph is unimodal, where the data has one peak it is centered around. The second graph is bimodal, where there are two peaks of data with a trough in the middle separating the two peaks. The third graph is multimodal, where there are multiple peaks of data with troughs between them (in this example, there are three peaks of data). The last graph is uniform, showing a consistent spread of data with no distinct peaks.\" width=\"900\" height=\"534\" \/>\r\n<div align=\"center\">\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Skill or Concept: I can . . .<\/td>\r\n<td>Questions to check your understanding<\/td>\r\n<td>Rating\r\nfrom 1 to 5<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Use technology to make a histogram of a quantitative variable.<\/td>\r\n<td>1<\/td>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Use a histogram to answer questions about the distribution of a quantitative variable.<\/td>\r\n<td>2<\/td>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Describe the shape of a distribution.<\/td>\r\n<td>3<\/td>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Describe the center and spread of a distribution.<\/td>\r\n<td>4, 5<\/td>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Identify if there are outliers in a distribution.<\/td>\r\n<td>6<\/td>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Match the description of a distribution to the graphical display.<\/td>\r\n<td>7<\/td>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nGlossary\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572229168\" class=\"definition\">\r\n \t<dt>\r\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572229168\" class=\"definition\">\r\n \t<dt>minimum<\/dt>\r\n \t<dd id=\"fs-id1170572229174\">the smallest observation or value.<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572229190\" class=\"definition\">\r\n \t<dt>maximum<\/dt>\r\n \t<dd id=\"fs-id1170572229195\">the largest observation or value.<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482608\" class=\"definition\">\r\n \t<dt>shape<\/dt>\r\n \t<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482614\">the overall pattern (left skewed, right skewed, symmetric) and the number of peaks (unimodal, bimodal, multimodal, uniform).<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482619\" class=\"definition\">\r\n \t<dt>center<\/dt>\r\n \t<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482624\">a measure that describes where the middle of the distribution is. The center is a number that describes a typical value. For example, one way to think about center is that it could be the point in the distribution where about half of the observations are below it and half are above it.<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482683\" class=\"definition\">\r\n \t<dt>spread<\/dt>\r\n \t<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482689\">a measure of how far apart the data are. In this lesson, the range is used to measure spread. The\u00a0<strong>range<\/strong>\u00a0is the difference between the maximum value and minimum value.<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482683\" class=\"definition\">\r\n \t<dt>outlier<\/dt>\r\n \t<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482689\">unusual observations that are outside the general pattern of the distribution.<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482683\" class=\"definition\">\r\n \t<dt>skew\/skewness<\/dt>\r\n \t<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482689\">a visual difference from symmetry in a dataset.<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482683\" class=\"definition\">\r\n \t<dt>modality<\/dt>\r\n \t<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482689\">the number of peaks in the description of the shape in a dataset.<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482683\" class=\"definition\">\r\n \t<dt>unimodal<\/dt>\r\n \t<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482689\">one prominent peak in the distribution.<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482683\" class=\"definition\">\r\n \t<dt>bimodal<\/dt>\r\n \t<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482689\">two prominent peaks in the distribution.<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482683\" class=\"definition\">\r\n \t<dt>multimodal<\/dt>\r\n \t<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482689\">three or more prominent peaks in the distribution.<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482683\" class=\"definition\">\r\n \t<dt>uniform<\/dt>\r\n \t<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482689\">no prominent peaks in the distribution.<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482683\" class=\"definition\">\r\n \t<dt>range<\/dt>\r\n \t<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482689\">the difference between the minimum and maximum values in the dataset.<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482683\" class=\"definition\">\r\n \t<dt>symmetric<\/dt>\r\n \t<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482689\">the left and right sides of the distribution (closely) mirror each other. If you drew a vertical line down the center of the distribution and folded the distribution in half, the left and right sides would closely match one another.<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482683\" class=\"definition\">\r\n \t<dt>left-skewed<\/dt>\r\n \t<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482689\">the visual distribution where the left side has a longer tail.<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482683\" class=\"definition\">\r\n \t<dt>right-skewed<\/dt>\r\n \t<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482689\">the visual distribution where the right side has a longer tail.<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n<\/dt>\r\n<\/dl>","rendered":"<div style=\"margin: auto;\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>score<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>rank<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>cls_profs<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>cls_students<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>age<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4.7<\/td>\n<td>tenure track<\/td>\n<td>single<\/td>\n<td>43<\/td>\n<td>36<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4.1<\/td>\n<td>tenure track<\/td>\n<td>single<\/td>\n<td>125<\/td>\n<td>36<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3.9<\/td>\n<td>tenure track<\/td>\n<td>single<\/td>\n<td>125<\/td>\n<td>36<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4.8<\/td>\n<td>tenure track<\/td>\n<td>single<\/td>\n<td>123<\/td>\n<td>36<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4.6<\/td>\n<td>tenured<\/td>\n<td>multiple<\/td>\n<td>20<\/td>\n<td>59<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4.3<\/td>\n<td>tenured<\/td>\n<td>multiple<\/td>\n<td>40<\/td>\n<td>59<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2.8<\/td>\n<td>tenured<\/td>\n<td>multiple<\/td>\n<td>44<\/td>\n<td>59<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4.1<\/td>\n<td>tenured<\/td>\n<td>single<\/td>\n<td>55<\/td>\n<td>51<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3.4<\/td>\n<td>tenured<\/td>\n<td>single<\/td>\n<td>195<\/td>\n<td>51<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4.5<\/td>\n<td>tenured<\/td>\n<td>single<\/td>\n<td>46<\/td>\n<td>40<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div style=\"margin: auto;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-971\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5738\/2022\/01\/11184039\/Picture111-300x185.jpg\" alt=\"A woman working on a laptop and checking her phone. On the left, there are three check boxes displayed: a frowning face, a neutral face, and a smiling face. The smiling face check box is marked with a check, and the other two are marked with an X.\" width=\"819\" height=\"505\" \/><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: auto;\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>cls_did_eval<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>cls_perc_eval<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>age<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>cls_students<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>score<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>24<\/td>\n<td>55.81395<\/td>\n<td>36<\/td>\n<td>43<\/td>\n<td>4.7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>86<\/td>\n<td>68.8<\/td>\n<td>36<\/td>\n<td>125<\/td>\n<td>4.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>76<\/td>\n<td>60.8<\/td>\n<td>36<\/td>\n<td>125<\/td>\n<td>3.9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>77<\/td>\n<td>62.60163<\/td>\n<td>36<\/td>\n<td>123<\/td>\n<td>4.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>17<\/td>\n<td>85<\/td>\n<td>59<\/td>\n<td>20<\/td>\n<td>4.6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>35<\/td>\n<td>87.5<\/td>\n<td>59<\/td>\n<td>40<\/td>\n<td>4.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>39<\/td>\n<td>88.63636<\/td>\n<td>59<\/td>\n<td>44<\/td>\n<td>2.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>55<\/td>\n<td>100<\/td>\n<td>51<\/td>\n<td>55<\/td>\n<td>4.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>111<\/td>\n<td>56.92308<\/td>\n<td>51<\/td>\n<td>195<\/td>\n<td>3.4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>40<\/td>\n<td>86.95652<\/td>\n<td>40<\/td>\n<td>46<\/td>\n<td>4.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>season<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>episode<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>title<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>us_views_millions<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>imdb_rating<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>The Pilot<\/td>\n<td>21.5<\/td>\n<td>8.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>The One with the Sonogram at the End<\/td>\n<td>20.2<\/td>\n<td>8.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>The One with the Thumb<\/td>\n<td>19.5<\/td>\n<td>8.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>The One with George Stephanopoulos<\/td>\n<td>19.7<\/td>\n<td>8.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>The One with the East German Laundry Detergent<\/td>\n<td>18.6<\/td>\n<td>8.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>The One with the Butt<\/td>\n<td>18.2<\/td>\n<td>8.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>The One with the Blackout<\/td>\n<td>23.5<\/td>\n<td>9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>The One Where Nana Dies Twice<\/td>\n<td>21.1<\/td>\n<td>8.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>9<\/td>\n<td>The One Where Underdog Gets Away<\/td>\n<td>23.1<\/td>\n<td>8.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>The One with the Monkey<\/td>\n<td>19.9<\/td>\n<td>8.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-972\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5738\/2022\/01\/11184107\/Picture122-300x163.png\" alt=\"Two bar graphs, comparing the IMDB rating for episodes of friends in season 1 and season 10. In the season one graph, the data primarily lies on the left side of the graph, with the data steeply dropping off as you move to the right. In the season ten graph, the data has a peak in the center of the graph, with less data as you move to the left or right.\" width=\"906\" height=\"492\" \/><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>species<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>island<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>bill_length_mm<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>bill_depth_mm<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>flipper_length_mm<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>body_mass_g<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>sex<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>year<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Adelie<\/td>\n<td>Torgersen<\/td>\n<td>39.1<\/td>\n<td>18.7<\/td>\n<td>181<\/td>\n<td>3,750<\/td>\n<td>male<\/td>\n<td>2007<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Adelie<\/td>\n<td>Torgersen<\/td>\n<td>39.5<\/td>\n<td>17.4<\/td>\n<td>186<\/td>\n<td>3,800<\/td>\n<td>female<\/td>\n<td>2007<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Adelie<\/td>\n<td>Torgersen<\/td>\n<td>40.3<\/td>\n<td>18<\/td>\n<td>195<\/td>\n<td>3,250<\/td>\n<td>female<\/td>\n<td>2007<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Adelie<\/td>\n<td>Torgersen<\/td>\n<td>N\/A<\/td>\n<td>N\/A<\/td>\n<td>N\/A<\/td>\n<td>N\/A<\/td>\n<td>N\/A<\/td>\n<td>2007<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Adelie<\/td>\n<td>Torgersen<\/td>\n<td>36.7<\/td>\n<td>19.3<\/td>\n<td>193<\/td>\n<td>3,450<\/td>\n<td>female<\/td>\n<td>2007<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Adelie<\/td>\n<td>Torgersen<\/td>\n<td>39.3<\/td>\n<td>20.6<\/td>\n<td>190<\/td>\n<td>3,650<\/td>\n<td>male<\/td>\n<td>2007<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Adelie<\/td>\n<td>Torgersen<\/td>\n<td>38.9<\/td>\n<td>17.8<\/td>\n<td>181<\/td>\n<td>3,625<\/td>\n<td>female<\/td>\n<td>2007<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Adelie<\/td>\n<td>Torgersen<\/td>\n<td>39.2<\/td>\n<td>19.6<\/td>\n<td>195<\/td>\n<td>4,675<\/td>\n<td>male<\/td>\n<td>2007<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Adelie<\/td>\n<td>Torgersen<\/td>\n<td>34.1<\/td>\n<td>18.1<\/td>\n<td>193<\/td>\n<td>3,475<\/td>\n<td>N\/A<\/td>\n<td>2007<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Adelie<\/td>\n<td>Torgersen<\/td>\n<td>42<\/td>\n<td>20.2<\/td>\n<td>190<\/td>\n<td>4,250<\/td>\n<td>N\/A<\/td>\n<td>2007<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-973\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5738\/2022\/01\/11184151\/Picture131-300x116.png\" alt=\"Three bar graphs are shown, depicting different ways data can be distributed. The graph on the left shows left-skewed data, where there is little to no data on the left, and a steep increase in the amount of data as we move to the right, creating a long \u201ctail\u201d on the left. The middle graph shows symmetric data, where most of the data lies in the center of the graph, with a steep decrease of data as you move to the right or left. The graph on the right shows right-skewed data, where there is little to no data on the right, and a steep increase in the amount of data as we move to the left, creating a long \u201ctail\u201d to the right.\" width=\"892\" height=\"345\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-974\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5738\/2022\/01\/11184156\/Picture141-300x178.png\" alt=\"Four bar graphs are shown, depicting different modes of data. The first graph is unimodal, where the data has one peak it is centered around. The second graph is bimodal, where there are two peaks of data with a trough in the middle separating the two peaks. The third graph is multimodal, where there are multiple peaks of data with troughs between them (in this example, there are three peaks of data). The last graph is uniform, showing a consistent spread of data with no distinct peaks.\" width=\"900\" height=\"534\" \/><\/p>\n<div style=\"margin: auto;\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Skill or Concept: I can . . .<\/td>\n<td>Questions to check your understanding<\/td>\n<td>Rating<br \/>\nfrom 1 to 5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Use technology to make a histogram of a quantitative variable.<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Use a histogram to answer questions about the distribution of a quantitative variable.<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Describe the shape of a distribution.<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Describe the center and spread of a distribution.<\/td>\n<td>4, 5<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Identify if there are outliers in a distribution.<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Match the description of a distribution to the graphical display.<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Glossary<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572229168\" class=\"definition\">\n<dt>\n<\/dt>\n<dt>minimum<\/dt>\n<dd id=\"fs-id1170572229174\">the smallest observation or value.<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572229190\" class=\"definition\">\n<dt>maximum<\/dt>\n<dd id=\"fs-id1170572229195\">the largest observation or value.<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482608\" class=\"definition\">\n<dt>shape<\/dt>\n<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482614\">the overall pattern (left skewed, right skewed, symmetric) and the number of peaks (unimodal, bimodal, multimodal, uniform).<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482619\" class=\"definition\">\n<dt>center<\/dt>\n<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482624\">a measure that describes where the middle of the distribution is. The center is a number that describes a typical value. For example, one way to think about center is that it could be the point in the distribution where about half of the observations are below it and half are above it.<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482683\" class=\"definition\">\n<dt>spread<\/dt>\n<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482689\">a measure of how far apart the data are. In this lesson, the range is used to measure spread. The\u00a0<strong>range<\/strong>\u00a0is the difference between the maximum value and minimum value.<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482683\" class=\"definition\">\n<dt>outlier<\/dt>\n<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482689\">unusual observations that are outside the general pattern of the distribution.<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482683\" class=\"definition\">\n<dt>skew\/skewness<\/dt>\n<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482689\">a visual difference from symmetry in a dataset.<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482683\" class=\"definition\">\n<dt>modality<\/dt>\n<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482689\">the number of peaks in the description of the shape in a dataset.<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482683\" class=\"definition\">\n<dt>unimodal<\/dt>\n<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482689\">one prominent peak in the distribution.<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482683\" class=\"definition\">\n<dt>bimodal<\/dt>\n<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482689\">two prominent peaks in the distribution.<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482683\" class=\"definition\">\n<dt>multimodal<\/dt>\n<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482689\">three or more prominent peaks in the distribution.<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482683\" class=\"definition\">\n<dt>uniform<\/dt>\n<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482689\">no prominent peaks in the distribution.<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482683\" class=\"definition\">\n<dt>range<\/dt>\n<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482689\">the difference between the minimum and maximum values in the dataset.<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482683\" class=\"definition\">\n<dt>symmetric<\/dt>\n<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482689\">the left and right sides of the distribution (closely) mirror each other. If you drew a vertical line down the center of the distribution and folded the distribution in half, the left and right sides would closely match one another.<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482683\" class=\"definition\">\n<dt>left-skewed<\/dt>\n<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482689\">the visual distribution where the left side has a longer tail.<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl id=\"fs-id1170572482683\" class=\"definition\">\n<dt>right-skewed<\/dt>\n<dd id=\"fs-id1170572482689\">the visual distribution where the right side has a longer tail.<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n","protected":false},"author":23592,"menu_order":4,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-968","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":704,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/968","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23592"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/968\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2803,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/968\/revisions\/2803"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/704"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/968\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=968"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=968"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=968"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/lumen-danacenter-statsmockup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=968"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}