Learning Outcomes
- Determine whether a decimal is a solution to an equation
- Solve an equation that contains decimals using the addition and subtraction properties
Determine Whether a Decimal is a Solution of an Equation
Solving equations with decimals is important in our everyday lives because money is usually written with decimals. When applications involve money, such as shopping for yourself, making your family’s budget, or planning for the future of your business, you’ll be solving equations with decimals.
Now that we’ve worked with decimals, we are ready to find solutions to equations involving decimals. The steps we take to determine whether a number is a solution to an equation are the same whether the solution is a whole number, an integer, a fraction, or a decimal. We’ll list these steps here again for easy reference.
Determine whether a number is a solution to an equation
- Substitute the number for the variable in the equation.
- Simplify the expressions on both sides of the equation.
- Determine whether the resulting equation is true.
- If so, the number is a solution.
- If not, the number is not a solution.
example
Determine whether each of the following is a solution of [latex]x - 0.7=1.5[/latex]
1. [latex]x=1[/latex]
2. [latex]x=-0.8[/latex]
3. [latex]x=2.2[/latex]
Solution
| 1. | |
| [latex]x-0.7=1.5[/latex] | |
| Substitute [latex]\color{red}{1}[/latex] for x. | [latex]\color{red}{1} - 0.7\stackrel{?}{=}1.5[/latex] |
| Subtract. | [latex]0.3\not=1.5[/latex] |
Since [latex]x=1[/latex] does not result in a true equation, [latex]1[/latex] is not a solution to the equation.
| 2. | |
| [latex]x-0.7=1.5[/latex] | |
| Substitute [latex]\color{red}{0.8}[/latex] for x. | [latex]\color{red}{0.8} - 0.7\stackrel{?}{=}1.5[/latex] |
| Subtract. | [latex]-1.5\not=1.5[/latex] |
Since [latex]x=-0.8[/latex] does not result in a true equation, [latex]-0.8[/latex] is not a solution to the equation.
| 3. | |
| [latex]x-0.7=1.5[/latex] | |
| Substitute [latex]\color{red}{2.2}[/latex] for x. | [latex]\color{red}{2.2} - 0.7\stackrel{?}{=}1.5[/latex] |
| Subtract. | [latex]1.5=1.5[/latex] |
Since [latex]x=2.2[/latex] results in a true equation, [latex]2.2[/latex] is a solution to the equation.
try it
Solve Equations with Decimals
In previous chapters, we solved equations using the Properties of Equality. We will use these same properties to solve equations with decimals.
Properties of Equality
| Subtraction Property of Equality
For any numbers [latex]a,b,\text{and }c[/latex] If [latex]a=b[/latex], then [latex]a-c=b-c[/latex]. |
Addition Property of Equality
For any numbers [latex]a,b,\text{and }c[/latex] If [latex]a=b[/latex], then [latex]a+c=b+c[/latex]. |
| The Division Property of Equality
For any numbers [latex]a,b,\text{and }c,\text{and }c\ne 0[/latex] If [latex]a=b[/latex], then [latex]{\Large\frac{a}{c}}={\Large\frac{b}{c}}[/latex] |
The Multiplication Property of Equality
For any numbers [latex]a,b,\text{and }c[/latex] If [latex]a=b[/latex], then [latex]ac=bc[/latex] |
When you add, subtract, multiply or divide the same quantity from both sides of an equation, you still have equality.
example
Solve: [latex]y+2.3=-4.7[/latex]
try it
example
Solve: [latex]a - 4.75=-1.39[/latex]
try it
In the following video we show more examples of using the addition and subtraction properties of equality to solve linear equations that contain decimals.
example
Solve: [latex]-4.8=0.8n[/latex]
try it
Watch the next video to see how to solve another equation with decimals that requires division.
example
Solve: [latex]{\Large\frac{p}{-1.8}}=-6.5[/latex]
try it
The following video shows an example of how to solve an equation with decimals that requires multiplication.
