{"id":846,"date":"2015-06-30T22:30:39","date_gmt":"2015-06-30T22:30:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.candelalearning.com\/biology11xmaster\/?post_type=chapter&p=846"},"modified":"2018-06-18T23:32:42","modified_gmt":"2018-06-18T23:32:42","slug":"glossary","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/nemcc-biology1v2\/chapter\/glossary\/","title":{"raw":"Glossary","rendered":"Glossary"},"content":{"raw":"

Glossary<\/h2>\r\natom: \u00a0<\/strong>a basic unit of matter that cannot be broken down by ordinary chemical reactions\r\n\r\nbiology: \u00a0<\/strong>the study of living organisms and their interactions with one another and their environments\r\n\r\nbiosphere: \u00a0<\/strong>a collection of all ecosystems on Earth\r\n\r\ncell: \u00a0<\/strong>the smallest fundamental unit of structure and function in living things\r\n\r\ncommunity: \u00a0<\/strong>a set of populations inhabiting a particular area\r\n\r\necosystem:\u00a0<\/strong>all living things in a particular area together with the abiotic, nonliving parts of that environment\r\n\r\neukaryote:\u00a0<\/strong>an organism with cells that have a membrane-bound nucleus and many organelles\r\n\r\nevolution:<\/strong> the process of gradual change in a population that can also lead to new species arising from older species\r\n\r\nhomeostasis:<\/strong> the ability of an organism to maintain constant internal conditions despite the external environment\r\n\r\nmacromolecule:<\/strong> a large molecule typically formed by the joining of smaller molecules\r\n\r\nmolecule:<\/strong> a chemical structure consisting of at least two atoms held together by a chemical bond\r\n\r\norgan:<\/strong> a group of tissues operating together to perform a common function\r\n\r\norgan system:<\/strong> two or more organs that perform a common function\r\n\r\norganelle:<\/strong> a membrane-bound compartment or sac within a cell\r\n\r\norganism:<\/strong> an individual living entity\r\n\r\nphylogenetic tree:<\/strong> a diagram showing the evolutionary relationships among biological species based on similarities and differences in genetic or physical traits or both\r\n\r\npopulation:<\/strong> all individuals within a species living within a specific area\r\n\r\nprokaryote:<\/strong> a unicellular organism that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus and few organelles\r\n\r\ntissue:<\/strong> a group of similar cells carrying out the same function\r\n\r\n \r\n
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Section Summary<\/h2>\r\n<\/div>\r\n
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Themes and Concepts of Biology<\/h3>\r\n

Biology is the science of life. All living organisms share several key characteristics such as order, response to stimuli, reproduction, adaptation, growth and development, maintaining homeostasis, and obtaining materials and energy. Living things are highly organized following a hierarchy that includes atoms, molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems. Organisms, in turn, are grouped as populations, communities, ecosystems, and the biosphere. Evolution is the source of the tremendous biological diversity on Earth today. A diagram called a phylogenetic tree can be used to show evolutionary relationships among organisms.<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Glossary<\/h2>\n

atom: \u00a0<\/strong>a basic unit of matter that cannot be broken down by ordinary chemical reactions<\/p>\n

biology: \u00a0<\/strong>the study of living organisms and their interactions with one another and their environments<\/p>\n

biosphere: \u00a0<\/strong>a collection of all ecosystems on Earth<\/p>\n

cell: \u00a0<\/strong>the smallest fundamental unit of structure and function in living things<\/p>\n

community: \u00a0<\/strong>a set of populations inhabiting a particular area<\/p>\n

ecosystem:\u00a0<\/strong>all living things in a particular area together with the abiotic, nonliving parts of that environment<\/p>\n

eukaryote:\u00a0<\/strong>an organism with cells that have a membrane-bound nucleus and many organelles<\/p>\n

evolution:<\/strong> the process of gradual change in a population that can also lead to new species arising from older species<\/p>\n

homeostasis:<\/strong> the ability of an organism to maintain constant internal conditions despite the external environment<\/p>\n

macromolecule:<\/strong> a large molecule typically formed by the joining of smaller molecules<\/p>\n

molecule:<\/strong> a chemical structure consisting of at least two atoms held together by a chemical bond<\/p>\n

organ:<\/strong> a group of tissues operating together to perform a common function<\/p>\n

organ system:<\/strong> two or more organs that perform a common function<\/p>\n

organelle:<\/strong> a membrane-bound compartment or sac within a cell<\/p>\n

organism:<\/strong> an individual living entity<\/p>\n

phylogenetic tree:<\/strong> a diagram showing the evolutionary relationships among biological species based on similarities and differences in genetic or physical traits or both<\/p>\n

population:<\/strong> all individuals within a species living within a specific area<\/p>\n

prokaryote:<\/strong> a unicellular organism that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus and few organelles<\/p>\n

tissue:<\/strong> a group of similar cells carrying out the same function<\/p>\n

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Section Summary<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
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Themes and Concepts of Biology<\/h3>\n

Biology is the science of life. All living organisms share several key characteristics such as order, response to stimuli, reproduction, adaptation, growth and development, maintaining homeostasis, and obtaining materials and energy. Living things are highly organized following a hierarchy that includes atoms, molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems. Organisms, in turn, are grouped as populations, communities, ecosystems, and the biosphere. Evolution is the source of the tremendous biological diversity on Earth today. A diagram called a phylogenetic tree can be used to show evolutionary relationships among organisms.<\/p>\n

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