{"id":502,"date":"2016-02-22T15:00:20","date_gmt":"2016-02-22T15:00:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.candelalearning.com\/lumencollegesuccess\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=502"},"modified":"2016-08-01T20:13:28","modified_gmt":"2016-08-01T20:13:28","slug":"creative-thinking-skills","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/nvrcte-sandbox-collegesuccess\/chapter\/creative-thinking-skills\/","title":{"raw":"Creative Thinking Skills","rendered":"Creative Thinking Skills"},"content":{"raw":"<a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1110\/2016\/02\/20003657\/16201561700_22014f9068_z.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-503\"><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-503\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1110\/2016\/02\/20003657\/16201561700_22014f9068_z.jpg\" alt=\"Photo of a young\" width=\"700\" height=\"467\" \/><\/a>\r\n<blockquote>Everybody has a creative potential and from the moment you can express this creative potential, you can start changing the world. \u2014Paulo Coelho, author and lyricist<\/blockquote>\r\n<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\r\nBy the end of this section, you will be able to:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Define creative thinking<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Identify the value of\u00a0creative thinking in education<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Describe\u00a0the impact\u00a0of limitations (such as rules) on creative thinking<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Describe the role of\u00a0creative thinking skills in problem-solving<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>Creative Thinking<\/h2>\r\nThink about a time when you visited a museum or a sculpture garden, or you attended an orchestral performance or a concert by a favorite performer. Did you marvel at the skill, the artistry, and the innovation? Did you imagine how wonderful it must feel to have\u00a0those abilities?\r\n\r\nIf you've ever had thoughts like this, you must know you're\u00a0not alone. It\u2019s hard for anyone to behold a great\u00a0work of art\u00a0or performance and\u00a0not imagine standing, even briefly, in the artist's shoes.\r\n\r\nBut when you've admired creative works or creative people, have you\u00a0acknowledged the seeds of creativity within yourself?\r\n\r\nYou might be surprised to know that everyone has creative abilities: it's true of everyone who fully expresses creative abilities as well as those who express them very\u00a0little or not at all. All humans are innately creative, especially if creativity is understood as a problem-solving skill.\r\n\r\nPut another\u00a0way, creativity is inspired when there is a problem to solve. For example, when a sculptor creates an amazing sculpture, it's an act of problem-solving: perhaps she must determine which artistic style to use in order to create the likeness of an object, or perhaps she is\u00a0deciding which tools will most suit her purpose or style, perhaps she is assessing how best to satisfy a customer\u2019s request or earn income from her art\u2014you get the idea.\u00a0In every case, the problem sparks the sculptor's creativity and she brings her creativity to bear in finding an\u00a0artistic solution.\r\n\r\nConsidered as an act of problem-solving, creativity can be understood as a <em>skill<\/em>\u2014as opposed to an inborn talent or natural \"gift\"\u2014that can be taught as well as learned. Problem-solving is something we are called upon to do every day, from performing mundane chores to executing sophisticated projects. The good news is that we can always improve upon our problem-solving and creative-thinking\u00a0skills\u2014even if we don't consider ourselves to be artists or \"creative.\" The following information may surprise and encourage you!\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Creative thinking<\/strong> (a companion to critical thinking) <strong>is an invaluable skill for college students<\/strong>. It's \u00a0important because it helps you look at problems and situations from a fresh perspective. Creating thinking is a way to develop novel or unorthodox solutions that do not depend wholly on past or current solutions. It's a way of employing strategies to clear your mind so that your thoughts and ideas can transcend what appear to be the limitations of a problem. Creative thinking is a way of moving beyond barriers.[footnote]Mumaw, Stefan. \"Born This Way: Is Creativity Innate or Learned?\" <em>Peachpit<\/em>. Pearson, 27 Dec 2012. Web. 16 Feb 2016.[\/footnote]<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As a creative thinker, you are curious, optimistic, and imaginative. You see problems as interesting opportunities, and you challenge assumptions and suspend judgment. You don't give up easily. You work hard.[footnote]Harris, Robert. \"Introduction to Creative Thinking.\" <em>Virtual Salt<\/em>. 2 Apr 2012. Web. 16 Feb 2016.[\/footnote]<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nIs this you? Even if you don't yet see yourself as a competent creative thinker or problem-solver, you can learn solid skills and techniques to help you become one.\r\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\r\n<h3>Activity: Assess Your Creative Problem-Solving Skills<\/h3>\r\n<h4>Objective<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Evaluate your attitude toward problem-solving in the context of cultivating creative thinking.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4>Directions:<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Access <em>Psychology Today<\/em>\u2019s <a href=\"http:\/\/psychologytoday.tests.psychtests.com\/take_test.php?idRegTest=3201\" target=\"_blank\">Creative Problem-Solving Test<\/a> at the <em>Psychology Today<\/em>\u00a0Web site.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Read the introductory text, which explains how creativity is linked to fundamental qualities of thinking, such as flexibility and tolerance of ambiguity.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Then advance to the questions by clicking on the \u201cTake The Test\u201d button. The test has 20 questions and will take roughly 10 minutes.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After finishing the test, you will receive a Snapshot Report with an introduction, a graph, and a personalized interpretation for one of your test scores.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nComplete any further steps by following your instructor\u2019s directions.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>Creative Thinking in Education<\/h2>\r\nNow that you have taken the creative problem-solving self-assessment test, do you have a better sense of which creative thinking skills and attitudes you have, and which ones you might want to improve upon?\r\n\r\nCollege is great ground for enhancing creative thinking skills. The following\u00a0are some college \u00a0activities that can\u00a0stimulate creative thinking. Are any familiar to you?\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Design sample exam questions to test your knowledge as you study for a final.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Devise a social media strategy for a club on campus.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Propose an education plan for a major you are designing for yourself.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prepare a speech that you will give in a debate in your course.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Develop a pattern for a costume in a theatrical production.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Arrange audience seats in your classroom to maximize attention during your presentation.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Arrange an eye-catching holiday display in your dormitory or apartment building.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Participate in a brainstorming session with your fellow musicians on how you will collaborate to write a musical composition.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Draft a script for a video production that will be shown to several college administrators.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Compose a set of requests and recommendations for a campus office to improve its customer service.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Develop a marketing pitch for a mock business you are developing.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Develop a comprehensive energy-reduction plan for your cohousing arrangement.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>How to Stimulate Creative Thinking<\/h3>\r\nThe following video, <em>How to Stimulate the Creative Process<\/em>, identifies six strategies\u00a0to stimulate your creative thinking.\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sleep on it. Over the years, researchers have found that the REM sleep cycle boosts our creativity and problem-solving abilities, providing us with innovative ideas or answers to vexing dilemmas when we awaken. Keep a pen and paper by the bed so you can write down your nocturnal insights if they wake you up.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Go for a run or hit the gym. Studies indicate that exercise stimulates creative thinking, and the brainpower boost lasts for a few hours.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Allow your mind to wander a few times every day. Far from being a waste of time, daydreaming has been found to be an essential part of generating\u00a0new ideas. If you're stuck on a problem or creatively blocked, think about something else for a while.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Keep learning. Studying something far removed from your area of expertise is especially effective in helping you think in new ways.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Put yourself in nerve-racking situations once in a while to fire up your brain. Fear and frustration can trigger innovative thinking.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Keep a notebook with you so you always have a way to record fleeting thoughts. They're sometimes the best ideas of all.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\nhttps:\/\/youtu.be\/kPC8e-Jk5uw\r\n<h3>A Brainstorm of Tips for Creative Thinking<\/h3>\r\n<blockquote>The best way to have a good idea is to have lots of ideas. \u2014Linus Pauling, double Nobel Laureate, chemist, biochemist, and peace campaigner<\/blockquote>\r\nBelow\u00a0are some additional tips to help you tap into original and creative thinking\u00a0in your college assignments and endeavors:\r\n<h4>Sensing<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Use all your senses\u2014see, taste, smell, touch, hear, think, speak.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Be a good observer\u00a0of people, nature, and events around you.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4>Thinking<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Engage thinking on the right side of your brain (intuition, open-mindedness, visual perception, rhythm . . .).<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Change \u00a0your interpretation of an event, situation, behavior, person, or object.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Allow ideas to incubate.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Be open to insight as ideas pop into your mind.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4>Imagining<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brainstorm by generating ideas with a group of people.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ask, \"What would happen if . . .\"<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ask, \"In how many different ways . . .\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Develop ideas and expand their possibilities.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Envision the future.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4>Speaking and Writing<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Use your words and your \u201cvoice\u201d when conveying your original ideas.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Avoid using clich\u00e9s or overly familiar responses to questions or problems.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Explain how your ideas move beyond the status quo and contribute to a discussion.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Take notes.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4>Drawing<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Use mind-mapping to capture\u00a0ideas; start with a key concept and write it in the center of your page; use connecting lines, radiating from the central concept, and write down any connected or\u00a0related ideas that come to you.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Create pictures or drawings of situations (\u201crich pictures\u201d) to show them\u00a0in a different way.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4>Learning<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Find ways to demonstrate your personal investment in projects.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gather knowledge and conduct research.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Have more fun learning!<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4>Moving<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do physical activities to engage the creative areas of your brain and think differently.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4>Resting<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Take breaks.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Creative Thinking Fiction and Facts<\/h2>\r\nAs you continue to develop your creative thinking skills, be alert to perceptions about creative thinking that could slow down progress. Remember that creative thinking and problem-solving are ways to transcend the limitations of a problem and see past\u00a0barriers. It's a way to think \u201coutside of the box.\u201d\r\n<div>\r\n<table>\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<th>FICTION<\/th>\r\n<th>FACTS[footnote]Harris, Robert. \"Introduction to Creative Thinking.\" <em>Virtual Salt<\/em>. 2 Apr 2012. Web. 16 Feb 2016.[\/footnote]<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>1<\/td>\r\n<td>Every problem has only one solution (or one right answer)<\/td>\r\n<td>The goal of problem-solving is to solve the problem, and most problems can be solved in any number of ways. If you discover a solution that works, it's a good solution. Other people may think up solutions that differ from yours, but that doesn't make your solution wrong or unimportant. What is the solution to \"putting words on paper\"? Fountain pen, ballpoint, pencil, marker, typewriter, printer, printing press, word-processing . . .?<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>2<\/td>\r\n<td>The best answer or solution or method has already been\u00a0discovered<\/td>\r\n<td>Look at the history of any solution and you'll see that improvements, new solutions, and new right answers are always being found. What is the solution to human transportation? The ox or horse, the cart, the wagon, the train, the car, the airplane, the jet, the space shuttle? What is the best and last?<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>3<\/td>\r\n<td>Creative answers are technologically\u00a0complex<\/td>\r\n<td>Only a few problems require complex technological solutions. Most problems you'll encounter\u00a0need\u00a0only a thoughtful solution involving\u00a0personal action and perhaps a few simple tools. Even many problems that seem to require technology can be addressed in other ways.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>4<\/td>\r\n<td>Ideas either come or they don't. Nothing will help\u2014 certainly not structure.<\/td>\r\n<td>There are many successful techniques for generating ideas. One important technique is to include structure. Create guidelines, limiting parameters, and concrete goals for yourself that stimulate and shape your creativity. This strategy can help you get past the intimidation of \"the blank page.\" For example, if you want to write a story about a person who gained insight through experience, you can stoke your creativity by limiting or narrowing your theme to \u201ca young girl in Cambodia escaped the Khmer Rouge to find a new life as a nurse in France.\" Apply this specificity and structure to any creative endeavor.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<h2>Problem-Solving with Creative Thinking<\/h2>\r\nCreative problem-solving is a type of problem-solving. It involves searching for new and novel solutions to problems. Unlike critical thinking, which scrutinizes assumptions and uses reasoning, creative thinking is about generating alternative ideas\u2014 practices and solutions that are unique and effective. It\u2019s about facing sometimes muddy and unclear problems and seeing how \u201cthings\u201d can be done differently\u2014how new solutions can be imagined.[footnote]\"Critical and Creative Thinking, MA.\" <em>University of\u00a0Massachusetts\u00a0Boston<\/em>. 2016. Web. 16 Feb 2016.[\/footnote]\r\n\r\nThe following words, by Dr. Andrew Robert Baker, are excerpted from his \"Thinking Critically and Creatively\" essay introduced earlier. Below, Dr. Baker continues to illuminate some of the many ways that college students will be exposed to creative thinking and how it can enrich their learning experiences.\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\r\n<h3>Thinking Critically and Creatively<\/h3>\r\nWhile critical thinking analyzes information and roots out the true nature and facets of problems, it is creative thinking that drives progress forward when it comes to solving these problems. Exceptional creative thinkers are people that invent new solutions to existing problems that do not rely on past or current solutions. They are the ones who invent solution C when everyone else is still arguing between A and B. Creative thinking skills involve using strategies to clear the mind so that our thoughts and ideas can transcend the current limitations of a problem and allow us to see beyond barriers that prevent new solutions from being found.\r\n\r\nBrainstorming is the simplest example of intentional creative thinking that most people have tried at least once. With the quick generation of many ideas at once, we can block-out our brain\u2019s natural tendency to limit our solution-generating abilities so we can access and combine many possible solutions\/thoughts and invent new ones. It is sort of like sprinting through a race\u2019s finish line only to find there is new track on the other side and we can keep going, if we choose. As with critical thinking, higher education both demands creative thinking from us and is the perfect place to practice and develop the skill. Everything from word problems in a math class, to opinion or persuasive speeches and papers, call upon our creative thinking skills to generate new solutions and perspectives in response to our professor\u2019s demands. Creative thinking skills ask questions such as\u2014What if? Why not? What else is out there? Can I combine perspectives\/solutions? What is something no one else has brought-up? What is being forgotten\/ignored? What about ______? It is the opening of doors and options that follows problem-identification.\r\n\r\nConsider an assignment that required you to compare two different authors on the topic of education and select and defend one as better. Now add to this scenario that your professor clearly prefers one author over the other. While critical thinking can get you as far as identifying the similarities and differences between these authors and evaluating their merits, it is creative thinking that you must use if you wish to challenge your professor\u2019s opinion and invent new perspectives on the authors that have not previously been considered.\r\n\r\nSo, what can we do to develop our critical and creative thinking skills? Although many students may dislike it, group work is an excellent way to develop our thinking skills. Many times I have heard from students their disdain for working in groups based on scheduling, varied levels of commitment to the group or project, and personality conflicts too, of course. True\u2014it\u2019s not always easy, but that is why it is so effective. When we work collaboratively on a project or problem we bring many brains to bear on a subject. These different brains will naturally develop varied ways of solving or explaining problems and examining information. To the observant individual we see that this places us in a constant state of back and forth critical\/creative thinking modes.\r\n\r\nFor example, in group work we are simultaneously analyzing information and generating solutions on our own, while challenging other\u2019s analyses\/ideas and responding to challenges to our own analyses\/ideas. This is part of why students tend to avoid group work\u2014it challenges us as thinkers and forces us to analyze others while defending ourselves, which is not something we are used to or comfortable with as most of our educational experiences involve solo work. Your professors know this\u2014that\u2019s why we assign it\u2014to help you grow as students, learners, and thinkers!\r\n\r\n\u2014Dr. Andrew Robert Baker,<em>\u00a0Foundations of Academic Success: Words of Wisdom<\/em>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>Resources for Creative Thinking<\/h2>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.glencoe.com\/sec\/busadmin\/entre\/teacher\/creative\/stimulate\/\" target=\"_blank\">Games That Stimulate Creativity<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.skillsyouneed.com\/ps\/creative-thinking.html\" target=\"_blank\">Creative Thinking Skills<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ozpk.tripod.com\/000create\" target=\"_blank\">45 Websites on Creative Thinking and Creative Skills<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mycoted.com\/Category:Creativity_Techniques\" target=\"_blank\">Creativity Techniques A To Z<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nhttps:\/\/assessments.lumenlearning.com\/assessments\/867\r\n\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1110\/2016\/02\/20003657\/16201561700_22014f9068_z.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-503\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-503\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1110\/2016\/02\/20003657\/16201561700_22014f9068_z.jpg\" alt=\"Photo of a young\" width=\"700\" height=\"467\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Everybody has a creative potential and from the moment you can express this creative potential, you can start changing the world. \u2014Paulo Coelho, author and lyricist<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n<p>By the end of this section, you will be able to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Define creative thinking<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Identify the value of\u00a0creative thinking in education<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Describe\u00a0the impact\u00a0of limitations (such as rules) on creative thinking<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Describe the role of\u00a0creative thinking skills in problem-solving<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Creative Thinking<\/h2>\n<p>Think about a time when you visited a museum or a sculpture garden, or you attended an orchestral performance or a concert by a favorite performer. Did you marvel at the skill, the artistry, and the innovation? Did you imagine how wonderful it must feel to have\u00a0those abilities?<\/p>\n<p>If you&#8217;ve ever had thoughts like this, you must know you&#8217;re\u00a0not alone. It\u2019s hard for anyone to behold a great\u00a0work of art\u00a0or performance and\u00a0not imagine standing, even briefly, in the artist&#8217;s shoes.<\/p>\n<p>But when you&#8217;ve admired creative works or creative people, have you\u00a0acknowledged the seeds of creativity within yourself?<\/p>\n<p>You might be surprised to know that everyone has creative abilities: it&#8217;s true of everyone who fully expresses creative abilities as well as those who express them very\u00a0little or not at all. All humans are innately creative, especially if creativity is understood as a problem-solving skill.<\/p>\n<p>Put another\u00a0way, creativity is inspired when there is a problem to solve. For example, when a sculptor creates an amazing sculpture, it&#8217;s an act of problem-solving: perhaps she must determine which artistic style to use in order to create the likeness of an object, or perhaps she is\u00a0deciding which tools will most suit her purpose or style, perhaps she is assessing how best to satisfy a customer\u2019s request or earn income from her art\u2014you get the idea.\u00a0In every case, the problem sparks the sculptor&#8217;s creativity and she brings her creativity to bear in finding an\u00a0artistic solution.<\/p>\n<p>Considered as an act of problem-solving, creativity can be understood as a <em>skill<\/em>\u2014as opposed to an inborn talent or natural &#8220;gift&#8221;\u2014that can be taught as well as learned. Problem-solving is something we are called upon to do every day, from performing mundane chores to executing sophisticated projects. The good news is that we can always improve upon our problem-solving and creative-thinking\u00a0skills\u2014even if we don&#8217;t consider ourselves to be artists or &#8220;creative.&#8221; The following information may surprise and encourage you!<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Creative thinking<\/strong> (a companion to critical thinking) <strong>is an invaluable skill for college students<\/strong>. It&#8217;s \u00a0important because it helps you look at problems and situations from a fresh perspective. Creating thinking is a way to develop novel or unorthodox solutions that do not depend wholly on past or current solutions. It&#8217;s a way of employing strategies to clear your mind so that your thoughts and ideas can transcend what appear to be the limitations of a problem. Creative thinking is a way of moving beyond barriers.<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Mumaw, Stefan. &quot;Born This Way: Is Creativity Innate or Learned?&quot; Peachpit. Pearson, 27 Dec 2012. Web. 16 Feb 2016.\" id=\"return-footnote-502-1\" href=\"#footnote-502-1\" aria-label=\"Footnote 1\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[1]<\/sup><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As a creative thinker, you are curious, optimistic, and imaginative. You see problems as interesting opportunities, and you challenge assumptions and suspend judgment. You don&#8217;t give up easily. You work hard.<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Harris, Robert. &quot;Introduction to Creative Thinking.&quot; Virtual Salt. 2 Apr 2012. Web. 16 Feb 2016.\" id=\"return-footnote-502-2\" href=\"#footnote-502-2\" aria-label=\"Footnote 2\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[2]<\/sup><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Is this you? Even if you don&#8217;t yet see yourself as a competent creative thinker or problem-solver, you can learn solid skills and techniques to help you become one.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>Activity: Assess Your Creative Problem-Solving Skills<\/h3>\n<h4>Objective<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Evaluate your attitude toward problem-solving in the context of cultivating creative thinking.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Directions:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Access <em>Psychology Today<\/em>\u2019s <a href=\"http:\/\/psychologytoday.tests.psychtests.com\/take_test.php?idRegTest=3201\" target=\"_blank\">Creative Problem-Solving Test<\/a> at the <em>Psychology Today<\/em>\u00a0Web site.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Read the introductory text, which explains how creativity is linked to fundamental qualities of thinking, such as flexibility and tolerance of ambiguity.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Then advance to the questions by clicking on the \u201cTake The Test\u201d button. The test has 20 questions and will take roughly 10 minutes.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After finishing the test, you will receive a Snapshot Report with an introduction, a graph, and a personalized interpretation for one of your test scores.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Complete any further steps by following your instructor\u2019s directions.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Creative Thinking in Education<\/h2>\n<p>Now that you have taken the creative problem-solving self-assessment test, do you have a better sense of which creative thinking skills and attitudes you have, and which ones you might want to improve upon?<\/p>\n<p>College is great ground for enhancing creative thinking skills. The following\u00a0are some college \u00a0activities that can\u00a0stimulate creative thinking. Are any familiar to you?<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Design sample exam questions to test your knowledge as you study for a final.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Devise a social media strategy for a club on campus.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Propose an education plan for a major you are designing for yourself.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prepare a speech that you will give in a debate in your course.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Develop a pattern for a costume in a theatrical production.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Arrange audience seats in your classroom to maximize attention during your presentation.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Arrange an eye-catching holiday display in your dormitory or apartment building.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Participate in a brainstorming session with your fellow musicians on how you will collaborate to write a musical composition.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Draft a script for a video production that will be shown to several college administrators.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Compose a set of requests and recommendations for a campus office to improve its customer service.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Develop a marketing pitch for a mock business you are developing.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Develop a comprehensive energy-reduction plan for your cohousing arrangement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>How to Stimulate Creative Thinking<\/h3>\n<p>The following video, <em>How to Stimulate the Creative Process<\/em>, identifies six strategies\u00a0to stimulate your creative thinking.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sleep on it. Over the years, researchers have found that the REM sleep cycle boosts our creativity and problem-solving abilities, providing us with innovative ideas or answers to vexing dilemmas when we awaken. Keep a pen and paper by the bed so you can write down your nocturnal insights if they wake you up.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Go for a run or hit the gym. Studies indicate that exercise stimulates creative thinking, and the brainpower boost lasts for a few hours.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Allow your mind to wander a few times every day. Far from being a waste of time, daydreaming has been found to be an essential part of generating\u00a0new ideas. If you&#8217;re stuck on a problem or creatively blocked, think about something else for a while.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Keep learning. Studying something far removed from your area of expertise is especially effective in helping you think in new ways.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Put yourself in nerve-racking situations once in a while to fire up your brain. Fear and frustration can trigger innovative thinking.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Keep a notebook with you so you always have a way to record fleeting thoughts. They&#8217;re sometimes the best ideas of all.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-1\" title=\"How to Stimulate the Creative Process\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kPC8e-Jk5uw?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h3>A Brainstorm of Tips for Creative Thinking<\/h3>\n<blockquote><p>The best way to have a good idea is to have lots of ideas. \u2014Linus Pauling, double Nobel Laureate, chemist, biochemist, and peace campaigner<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Below\u00a0are some additional tips to help you tap into original and creative thinking\u00a0in your college assignments and endeavors:<\/p>\n<h4>Sensing<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Use all your senses\u2014see, taste, smell, touch, hear, think, speak.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Be a good observer\u00a0of people, nature, and events around you.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Thinking<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Engage thinking on the right side of your brain (intuition, open-mindedness, visual perception, rhythm . . .).<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Change \u00a0your interpretation of an event, situation, behavior, person, or object.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Allow ideas to incubate.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Be open to insight as ideas pop into your mind.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Imagining<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brainstorm by generating ideas with a group of people.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ask, &#8220;What would happen if . . .&#8221;<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ask, &#8220;In how many different ways . . .\u201d<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Develop ideas and expand their possibilities.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Envision the future.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Speaking and Writing<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Use your words and your \u201cvoice\u201d when conveying your original ideas.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Avoid using clich\u00e9s or overly familiar responses to questions or problems.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Explain how your ideas move beyond the status quo and contribute to a discussion.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Take notes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Drawing<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Use mind-mapping to capture\u00a0ideas; start with a key concept and write it in the center of your page; use connecting lines, radiating from the central concept, and write down any connected or\u00a0related ideas that come to you.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Create pictures or drawings of situations (\u201crich pictures\u201d) to show them\u00a0in a different way.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Learning<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Find ways to demonstrate your personal investment in projects.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gather knowledge and conduct research.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Have more fun learning!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Moving<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do physical activities to engage the creative areas of your brain and think differently.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Resting<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Take breaks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Creative Thinking Fiction and Facts<\/h2>\n<p>As you continue to develop your creative thinking skills, be alert to perceptions about creative thinking that could slow down progress. Remember that creative thinking and problem-solving are ways to transcend the limitations of a problem and see past\u00a0barriers. It&#8217;s a way to think \u201coutside of the box.\u201d<\/p>\n<div>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<th>FICTION<\/th>\n<th>FACTS<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Harris, Robert. &quot;Introduction to Creative Thinking.&quot; Virtual Salt. 2 Apr 2012. Web. 16 Feb 2016.\" id=\"return-footnote-502-3\" href=\"#footnote-502-3\" aria-label=\"Footnote 3\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[3]<\/sup><\/a><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>Every problem has only one solution (or one right answer)<\/td>\n<td>The goal of problem-solving is to solve the problem, and most problems can be solved in any number of ways. If you discover a solution that works, it&#8217;s a good solution. Other people may think up solutions that differ from yours, but that doesn&#8217;t make your solution wrong or unimportant. What is the solution to &#8220;putting words on paper&#8221;? Fountain pen, ballpoint, pencil, marker, typewriter, printer, printing press, word-processing . . .?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>The best answer or solution or method has already been\u00a0discovered<\/td>\n<td>Look at the history of any solution and you&#8217;ll see that improvements, new solutions, and new right answers are always being found. What is the solution to human transportation? The ox or horse, the cart, the wagon, the train, the car, the airplane, the jet, the space shuttle? What is the best and last?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>Creative answers are technologically\u00a0complex<\/td>\n<td>Only a few problems require complex technological solutions. Most problems you&#8217;ll encounter\u00a0need\u00a0only a thoughtful solution involving\u00a0personal action and perhaps a few simple tools. Even many problems that seem to require technology can be addressed in other ways.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>Ideas either come or they don&#8217;t. Nothing will help\u2014 certainly not structure.<\/td>\n<td>There are many successful techniques for generating ideas. One important technique is to include structure. Create guidelines, limiting parameters, and concrete goals for yourself that stimulate and shape your creativity. This strategy can help you get past the intimidation of &#8220;the blank page.&#8221; For example, if you want to write a story about a person who gained insight through experience, you can stoke your creativity by limiting or narrowing your theme to \u201ca young girl in Cambodia escaped the Khmer Rouge to find a new life as a nurse in France.&#8221; Apply this specificity and structure to any creative endeavor.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Problem-Solving with Creative Thinking<\/h2>\n<p>Creative problem-solving is a type of problem-solving. It involves searching for new and novel solutions to problems. Unlike critical thinking, which scrutinizes assumptions and uses reasoning, creative thinking is about generating alternative ideas\u2014 practices and solutions that are unique and effective. It\u2019s about facing sometimes muddy and unclear problems and seeing how \u201cthings\u201d can be done differently\u2014how new solutions can be imagined.<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"&quot;Critical and Creative Thinking, MA.&quot; University of\u00a0Massachusetts\u00a0Boston. 2016. Web. 16 Feb 2016.\" id=\"return-footnote-502-4\" href=\"#footnote-502-4\" aria-label=\"Footnote 4\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[4]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The following words, by Dr. Andrew Robert Baker, are excerpted from his &#8220;Thinking Critically and Creatively&#8221; essay introduced earlier. Below, Dr. Baker continues to illuminate some of the many ways that college students will be exposed to creative thinking and how it can enrich their learning experiences.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<h3>Thinking Critically and Creatively<\/h3>\n<p>While critical thinking analyzes information and roots out the true nature and facets of problems, it is creative thinking that drives progress forward when it comes to solving these problems. Exceptional creative thinkers are people that invent new solutions to existing problems that do not rely on past or current solutions. They are the ones who invent solution C when everyone else is still arguing between A and B. Creative thinking skills involve using strategies to clear the mind so that our thoughts and ideas can transcend the current limitations of a problem and allow us to see beyond barriers that prevent new solutions from being found.<\/p>\n<p>Brainstorming is the simplest example of intentional creative thinking that most people have tried at least once. With the quick generation of many ideas at once, we can block-out our brain\u2019s natural tendency to limit our solution-generating abilities so we can access and combine many possible solutions\/thoughts and invent new ones. It is sort of like sprinting through a race\u2019s finish line only to find there is new track on the other side and we can keep going, if we choose. As with critical thinking, higher education both demands creative thinking from us and is the perfect place to practice and develop the skill. Everything from word problems in a math class, to opinion or persuasive speeches and papers, call upon our creative thinking skills to generate new solutions and perspectives in response to our professor\u2019s demands. Creative thinking skills ask questions such as\u2014What if? Why not? What else is out there? Can I combine perspectives\/solutions? What is something no one else has brought-up? What is being forgotten\/ignored? What about ______? It is the opening of doors and options that follows problem-identification.<\/p>\n<p>Consider an assignment that required you to compare two different authors on the topic of education and select and defend one as better. Now add to this scenario that your professor clearly prefers one author over the other. While critical thinking can get you as far as identifying the similarities and differences between these authors and evaluating their merits, it is creative thinking that you must use if you wish to challenge your professor\u2019s opinion and invent new perspectives on the authors that have not previously been considered.<\/p>\n<p>So, what can we do to develop our critical and creative thinking skills? Although many students may dislike it, group work is an excellent way to develop our thinking skills. Many times I have heard from students their disdain for working in groups based on scheduling, varied levels of commitment to the group or project, and personality conflicts too, of course. True\u2014it\u2019s not always easy, but that is why it is so effective. When we work collaboratively on a project or problem we bring many brains to bear on a subject. These different brains will naturally develop varied ways of solving or explaining problems and examining information. To the observant individual we see that this places us in a constant state of back and forth critical\/creative thinking modes.<\/p>\n<p>For example, in group work we are simultaneously analyzing information and generating solutions on our own, while challenging other\u2019s analyses\/ideas and responding to challenges to our own analyses\/ideas. This is part of why students tend to avoid group work\u2014it challenges us as thinkers and forces us to analyze others while defending ourselves, which is not something we are used to or comfortable with as most of our educational experiences involve solo work. Your professors know this\u2014that\u2019s why we assign it\u2014to help you grow as students, learners, and thinkers!<\/p>\n<p>\u2014Dr. Andrew Robert Baker,<em>\u00a0Foundations of Academic Success: Words of Wisdom<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Resources for Creative Thinking<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.glencoe.com\/sec\/busadmin\/entre\/teacher\/creative\/stimulate\/\" target=\"_blank\">Games That Stimulate Creativity<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.skillsyouneed.com\/ps\/creative-thinking.html\" target=\"_blank\">Creative Thinking Skills<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ozpk.tripod.com\/000create\" target=\"_blank\">45 Websites on Creative Thinking and Creative Skills<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mycoted.com\/Category:Creativity_Techniques\" target=\"_blank\">Creativity Techniques A To Z<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\t<iframe id=\"lumen_assessment_867\" class=\"resizable\" src=\"https:\/\/assessments.lumenlearning.com\/assessments\/load?assessment_id=867&#38;embed=1&#38;external_user_id=&#38;external_context_id=&#38;iframe_resize_id=lumen_assessment_867\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;width:100%;height:100%;min-height:400px;\"><br \/>\n\t<\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-502\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Original<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Creative Thinking Skills. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Linda Bruce. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Image of throwing a pot. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Sterling College. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/qFFeQG\">https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/qFFeQG<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Creative Thinking Skills. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Fostering Creativity and Critical Thinking with Technology. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecriticalthinking.wikispaces.com\/Creative+Thinking\">https:\/\/creativecriticalthinking.wikispaces.com\/Creative+Thinking<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em>Other<\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: GNU Free Documentation License<\/li><li>Foundations of Academic Success: Words of Wisdom. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Thomas C. Priester, editor. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Open SUNY Textbooks. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/textbooks.opensuny.org\/foundations-of-academic-success\/\">http:\/\/textbooks.opensuny.org\/foundations-of-academic-success\/<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">All rights reserved content<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>How to Stimulate the Creative Process. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Howcast. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/kPC8e-Jk5uw\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/kPC8e-Jk5uw<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em>All Rights Reserved<\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: Standard YouTube License<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section><hr class=\"before-footnotes clear\" \/><div class=\"footnotes\"><ol><li id=\"footnote-502-1\">Mumaw, Stefan. \"Born This Way: Is Creativity Innate or Learned?\" <em>Peachpit<\/em>. Pearson, 27 Dec 2012. Web. 16 Feb 2016. <a href=\"#return-footnote-502-1\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 1\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-502-2\">Harris, Robert. \"Introduction to Creative Thinking.\" <em>Virtual Salt<\/em>. 2 Apr 2012. Web. 16 Feb 2016. <a href=\"#return-footnote-502-2\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 2\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-502-3\">Harris, Robert. \"Introduction to Creative Thinking.\" <em>Virtual Salt<\/em>. 2 Apr 2012. Web. 16 Feb 2016. <a href=\"#return-footnote-502-3\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 3\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-502-4\">\"Critical and Creative Thinking, MA.\" <em>University of\u00a0Massachusetts\u00a0Boston<\/em>. 2016. Web. 16 Feb 2016. <a href=\"#return-footnote-502-4\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 4\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>","protected":false},"author":277,"menu_order":3,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Image of throwing a pot\",\"author\":\"Sterling College\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/qFFeQG\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"copyrighted_video\",\"description\":\"How to Stimulate the Creative Process\",\"author\":\"Howcast\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/kPC8e-Jk5uw\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"arr\",\"license_terms\":\"Standard YouTube License\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Creative Thinking Skills\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Fostering Creativity and Critical Thinking with Technology\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/creativecriticalthinking.wikispaces.com\/Creative+Thinking\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"other\",\"license_terms\":\"GNU Free Documentation License\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Foundations of Academic Success: Words of Wisdom\",\"author\":\"Thomas C. 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