{"id":6336,"date":"2017-11-07T16:19:58","date_gmt":"2017-11-07T16:19:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-macroeconomics\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=6336"},"modified":"2018-04-30T05:24:14","modified_gmt":"2018-04-30T05:24:14","slug":"interpreting-the-as-ad-model","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/oldwestbury-wm-macroeconomics\/chapter\/interpreting-the-as-ad-model\/","title":{"raw":"Interpreting the AD-AS Model","rendered":"Interpreting the AD-AS Model"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Use the aggregate demand-aggregate supply model to identify the equilibrium level of real GDP and equilibrium price level<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Interpret and draw conclusions about the macro economy\u00a0using the aggregate demand-aggregate supply model<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>Equilibrium in the Aggregate Demand\u2013Aggregate Supply Model<\/h2>\r\nFigure\u00a01 combines the AS curve and the AD curve from Figures 1 &amp; 2 on the previous page and places them both on a single diagram. The intersection of the aggregate supply and aggregate demand curves shows the equilibrium level of real GDP and the equilibrium price level in the economy. In this example, the equilibrium point occurs at point E, at a price level of 90 and an output level of 8,800.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_10299\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"585\"]<a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2043\/2017\/11\/25194153\/pricelevelrealgdp.jpg\"><img class=\"wp-image-10299 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2043\/2017\/11\/25194153\/pricelevelrealgdp.jpg\" alt=\"The graph shows a downward sloping aggregate demand curve that intersects with an upward sloping aggregate supply curve at the point (8,800, 90).\" width=\"585\" height=\"327\" \/><\/a> <strong>Figure 1. Aggregate Supply and Aggregate Demand.<\/strong> The equilibrium, where aggregate supply (AS) equals aggregate demand (AD), occurs at a price level of 90 and an output level of 8,800.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<div class=\"mceTemp\"><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\r\n<h3>Examining the AS-AD MOdel<\/h3>\r\nTable 1 shows information on aggregate supply, aggregate demand, and the price level for the imaginary country of Xurbia. What information does Table 1 tell you about the state of the Xurbia\u2019s economy? Where is the equilibrium price level and output level (this is the SR macroequilibrium)? Is Xurbia risking inflationary pressures or facing high unemployment? How can you tell?\r\n<table summary=\"This table has three columns and eight rows. The first row is a header row, and it labels each column \u201cPrice Level\u201d, \u201cAggregate Demand\u201d, and \u201cAggregate Supply\u201d. Under the column \u201cPrice Level\u201d are the following values: 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170. Under the column \u201cAggregate Demand\u201d are the following values: $700, $690, $680, $670, $660, $650, $640. Under the column \u201cAggregate Supply\u201d are the following values: $600, $640, $680, $720, $740, $760, $770.\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"><caption><span class=\"cnx-gentext-caption cnx-gentext-t\">Table <\/span><span class=\"cnx-gentext-caption cnx-gentext-n\">1. <\/span>Price Level:Aggregate Supply\u2013Aggregate Demand<\/caption>\r\n<thead valign=\"bottom\">\r\n<tr>\r\n<th>Price Level<\/th>\r\n<th>Aggregate Demand<\/th>\r\n<th>Aggregate Supply<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody valign=\"top\">\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>110<\/td>\r\n<td>$700<\/td>\r\n<td>$600<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>120<\/td>\r\n<td>$690<\/td>\r\n<td>$640<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>130<\/td>\r\n<td>$680<\/td>\r\n<td>$680<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>140<\/td>\r\n<td>$670<\/td>\r\n<td>$720<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>150<\/td>\r\n<td>$660<\/td>\r\n<td>$740<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>160<\/td>\r\n<td>$650<\/td>\r\n<td>$760<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>170<\/td>\r\n<td>$640<\/td>\r\n<td>$770<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nTo begin to use the AS\u2013AD model, it is important to plot the AS and AD curves from the data provided. What is the equilibrium?\r\n\r\n<strong>Step 1.<\/strong> Draw your x- and y-axis. Label the x-axis \"Real GDP\" and the y-axis \"Price Level.\"\r\n\r\n<strong>Step 2.<\/strong> Plot AD on your graph.\r\n\r\n<strong>Step 3.<\/strong> Plot AS on your graph.\r\n\r\n<strong>Step 4.<\/strong> Look at Figure 2, which provides a visual to aid in your analysis.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_4503\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"390\"]<a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1294\/2016\/07\/11192710\/ADAS_016n.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-4503\"><img class=\"size-full wp-image-4503\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1294\/2016\/07\/11192710\/ADAS_016n.jpg\" alt=\"The figure shows a downward sloping aggregate demand line intersecting with an aggregate supply curve at approximately (680, 130).\" width=\"390\" height=\"303\" \/><\/a> <strong>Figure 2. <\/strong>The AS\u2013AD Curves AD and AS curves created from the data in Table 1.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<strong>Step 5.<\/strong> Determine where AD and AS intersect. This is the equilibrium with the price level at 130 and real GDP at $680.\r\n\r\n<strong>Step 6.<\/strong> Look at the graph to determine where equilibrium is located. We can see that this equilibrium is fairly far from where the AS curve becomes near-vertical (or at least quite steep) which seems to start at about $750 of real output. This implies that the economy is not close to potential GDP. Thus, unemployment will be high. In the relatively flat part of the AS curve, where the equilibrium occurs, changes in the price level will not be a major concern, since such changes are likely to be small.\r\n\r\n<strong>Step 7.<\/strong> Determine what the steep portion of the AS curve indicates. Where the AS curve is steep, the economy is at or close to potential GDP.\r\n\r\n<strong>Step 8.<\/strong> Draw conclusions from the given information:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>If equilibrium occurs in the flat range of AS, then economy is not close to potential GDP and will be experiencing unemployment, but stable price level.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>If equilibrium occurs in the steep range of AS, then the economy is close or at potential GDP and will be experiencing rising price levels or inflationary pressures, but will have a low unemployment rate.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\r\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\r\nhttps:\/\/assessments.lumenlearning.com\/assessments\/7517\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/assessments.lumenlearning.com\/assessments\/7518\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nConfusion sometimes arises between the aggregate supply and aggregate demand model and the microeconomic analysis of demand and supply in particular markets for goods, services, labor, and capital.\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>ARE AS AND AD MACRO OR MICRO?<\/h3>\r\nThese aggregate supply and aggregate demand model and the microeconomic analysis of demand and supply in particular markets for goods, services, labor, and capital have a superficial resemblance, but they also have many underlying differences.\r\n\r\nFor example, the vertical and horizontal axes have distinctly different meanings in macroeconomic and microeconomic diagrams. The vertical axis of a microeconomic demand and supply diagram expresses a price (or wage or rate of return) for an individual good or service. This price is implicitly relative: it is intended to be compared with the prices of other products (for example, the price of pizza relative to the price of fried chicken). In contrast, the vertical axis of an aggregate supply and aggregate demand diagram expresses the level of a price index like the Consumer Price Index or the GDP deflator\u2014combining a wide array of prices from across the economy. The price level is absolute: it is not intended to be compared to any other prices since it is essentially the average price of all products in an economy. The horizontal axis of a microeconomic supply and demand curve measures the quantity of a particular good or service. In contrast, the horizontal axis of the aggregate demand and aggregate supply diagram measures real GDP, which is the sum of all the final goods and services produced in the economy, not the quantity in a specific market.\r\n\r\nIn addition, the economic reasons for the shapes of the curves in the macroeconomic model are different from the reasons behind the shapes of the curves in microeconomic models. Demand curves for individual goods or services slope down primarily because of the existence of substitute goods, not the wealth effects, interest rate, and foreign price effects associated with aggregate demand curves. The slopes of individual supply and demand curves can have a variety of different slopes, depending on the extent to which quantity demanded and quantity supplied react to price in that specific market, but the slopes of the AS and AD curves are much the same in every diagram (although as we shall see in later chapters, short-run and long-run perspectives will emphasize different parts of the AS curve).\r\n\r\nIn short, just because the AS\u2013AD diagram has two lines that cross, do not assume that it is the same as every other diagram where two lines cross. The intuitions and meanings of the macro and micro diagrams are only distant cousins from different branches of the economics family tree.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\r\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\r\nThese questions allow you to get as much practice as you need, as you can click the link at the top of the first question (\u201cTry another version of these questions\u201d) to get a new set of questions. Practice until you feel comfortable doing the questions.\r\n\r\n[ohm_question sameseed=1]152135-152137-152138[\/ohm_question]\r\n\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Use the aggregate demand-aggregate supply model to identify the equilibrium level of real GDP and equilibrium price level<\/li>\n<li>Interpret and draw conclusions about the macro economy\u00a0using the aggregate demand-aggregate supply model<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Equilibrium in the Aggregate Demand\u2013Aggregate Supply Model<\/h2>\n<p>Figure\u00a01 combines the AS curve and the AD curve from Figures 1 &amp; 2 on the previous page and places them both on a single diagram. The intersection of the aggregate supply and aggregate demand curves shows the equilibrium level of real GDP and the equilibrium price level in the economy. In this example, the equilibrium point occurs at point E, at a price level of 90 and an output level of 8,800.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_10299\" style=\"width: 595px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2043\/2017\/11\/25194153\/pricelevelrealgdp.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10299\" class=\"wp-image-10299 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2043\/2017\/11\/25194153\/pricelevelrealgdp.jpg\" alt=\"The graph shows a downward sloping aggregate demand curve that intersects with an upward sloping aggregate supply curve at the point (8,800, 90).\" width=\"585\" height=\"327\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-10299\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 1. Aggregate Supply and Aggregate Demand.<\/strong> The equilibrium, where aggregate supply (AS) equals aggregate demand (AD), occurs at a price level of 90 and an output level of 8,800.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mceTemp\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>Examining the AS-AD MOdel<\/h3>\n<p>Table 1 shows information on aggregate supply, aggregate demand, and the price level for the imaginary country of Xurbia. What information does Table 1 tell you about the state of the Xurbia\u2019s economy? Where is the equilibrium price level and output level (this is the SR macroequilibrium)? Is Xurbia risking inflationary pressures or facing high unemployment? How can you tell?<\/p>\n<table summary=\"This table has three columns and eight rows. The first row is a header row, and it labels each column \u201cPrice Level\u201d, \u201cAggregate Demand\u201d, and \u201cAggregate Supply\u201d. Under the column \u201cPrice Level\u201d are the following values: 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170. Under the column \u201cAggregate Demand\u201d are the following values: $700, $690, $680, $670, $660, $650, $640. Under the column \u201cAggregate Supply\u201d are the following values: $600, $640, $680, $720, $740, $760, $770.\" cellpadding=\"0\" style=\"border-spacing: 0px;\">\n<caption><span class=\"cnx-gentext-caption cnx-gentext-t\">Table <\/span><span class=\"cnx-gentext-caption cnx-gentext-n\">1. <\/span>Price Level:Aggregate Supply\u2013Aggregate Demand<\/caption>\n<thead valign=\"bottom\">\n<tr>\n<th>Price Level<\/th>\n<th>Aggregate Demand<\/th>\n<th>Aggregate Supply<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody valign=\"top\">\n<tr>\n<td>110<\/td>\n<td>$700<\/td>\n<td>$600<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>120<\/td>\n<td>$690<\/td>\n<td>$640<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>130<\/td>\n<td>$680<\/td>\n<td>$680<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>140<\/td>\n<td>$670<\/td>\n<td>$720<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>150<\/td>\n<td>$660<\/td>\n<td>$740<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>160<\/td>\n<td>$650<\/td>\n<td>$760<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>170<\/td>\n<td>$640<\/td>\n<td>$770<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>To begin to use the AS\u2013AD model, it is important to plot the AS and AD curves from the data provided. What is the equilibrium?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Step 1.<\/strong> Draw your x- and y-axis. Label the x-axis &#8220;Real GDP&#8221; and the y-axis &#8220;Price Level.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Step 2.<\/strong> Plot AD on your graph.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Step 3.<\/strong> Plot AS on your graph.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Step 4.<\/strong> Look at Figure 2, which provides a visual to aid in your analysis.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_4503\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1294\/2016\/07\/11192710\/ADAS_016n.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-4503\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4503\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4503\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1294\/2016\/07\/11192710\/ADAS_016n.jpg\" alt=\"The figure shows a downward sloping aggregate demand line intersecting with an aggregate supply curve at approximately (680, 130).\" width=\"390\" height=\"303\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-4503\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 2. <\/strong>The AS\u2013AD Curves AD and AS curves created from the data in Table 1.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>Step 5.<\/strong> Determine where AD and AS intersect. This is the equilibrium with the price level at 130 and real GDP at $680.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Step 6.<\/strong> Look at the graph to determine where equilibrium is located. We can see that this equilibrium is fairly far from where the AS curve becomes near-vertical (or at least quite steep) which seems to start at about $750 of real output. This implies that the economy is not close to potential GDP. Thus, unemployment will be high. In the relatively flat part of the AS curve, where the equilibrium occurs, changes in the price level will not be a major concern, since such changes are likely to be small.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Step 7.<\/strong> Determine what the steep portion of the AS curve indicates. Where the AS curve is steep, the economy is at or close to potential GDP.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Step 8.<\/strong> Draw conclusions from the given information:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>If equilibrium occurs in the flat range of AS, then economy is not close to potential GDP and will be experiencing unemployment, but stable price level.<\/li>\n<li>If equilibrium occurs in the steep range of AS, then the economy is close or at potential GDP and will be experiencing rising price levels or inflationary pressures, but will have a low unemployment rate.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<p>\t<iframe id=\"lumen_assessment_7517\" class=\"resizable\" src=\"https:\/\/assessments.lumenlearning.com\/assessments\/load?assessment_id=7517&#38;embed=1&#38;external_user_id=&#38;external_context_id=&#38;iframe_resize_id=lumen_assessment_7517\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;width:100%;height:100%;min-height:400px;\"><br \/>\n\t<\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>\t<iframe id=\"lumen_assessment_7518\" class=\"resizable\" src=\"https:\/\/assessments.lumenlearning.com\/assessments\/load?assessment_id=7518&#38;embed=1&#38;external_user_id=&#38;external_context_id=&#38;iframe_resize_id=lumen_assessment_7518\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;width:100%;height:100%;min-height:400px;\"><br \/>\n\t<\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Confusion sometimes arises between the aggregate supply and aggregate demand model and the microeconomic analysis of demand and supply in particular markets for goods, services, labor, and capital.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>ARE AS AND AD MACRO OR MICRO?<\/h3>\n<p>These aggregate supply and aggregate demand model and the microeconomic analysis of demand and supply in particular markets for goods, services, labor, and capital have a superficial resemblance, but they also have many underlying differences.<\/p>\n<p>For example, the vertical and horizontal axes have distinctly different meanings in macroeconomic and microeconomic diagrams. The vertical axis of a microeconomic demand and supply diagram expresses a price (or wage or rate of return) for an individual good or service. This price is implicitly relative: it is intended to be compared with the prices of other products (for example, the price of pizza relative to the price of fried chicken). In contrast, the vertical axis of an aggregate supply and aggregate demand diagram expresses the level of a price index like the Consumer Price Index or the GDP deflator\u2014combining a wide array of prices from across the economy. The price level is absolute: it is not intended to be compared to any other prices since it is essentially the average price of all products in an economy. The horizontal axis of a microeconomic supply and demand curve measures the quantity of a particular good or service. In contrast, the horizontal axis of the aggregate demand and aggregate supply diagram measures real GDP, which is the sum of all the final goods and services produced in the economy, not the quantity in a specific market.<\/p>\n<p>In addition, the economic reasons for the shapes of the curves in the macroeconomic model are different from the reasons behind the shapes of the curves in microeconomic models. Demand curves for individual goods or services slope down primarily because of the existence of substitute goods, not the wealth effects, interest rate, and foreign price effects associated with aggregate demand curves. The slopes of individual supply and demand curves can have a variety of different slopes, depending on the extent to which quantity demanded and quantity supplied react to price in that specific market, but the slopes of the AS and AD curves are much the same in every diagram (although as we shall see in later chapters, short-run and long-run perspectives will emphasize different parts of the AS curve).<\/p>\n<p>In short, just because the AS\u2013AD diagram has two lines that cross, do not assume that it is the same as every other diagram where two lines cross. The intuitions and meanings of the macro and micro diagrams are only distant cousins from different branches of the economics family tree.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<p>These questions allow you to get as much practice as you need, as you can click the link at the top of the first question (\u201cTry another version of these questions\u201d) to get a new set of questions. Practice until you feel comfortable doing the questions.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"ohm152135\" class=\"resizable\" src=\"https:\/\/ohm.lumenlearning.com\/multiembedq.php?id=152135-152137-152138&theme=oea&iframe_resize_id=ohm152135&sameseed=1&show_question_numbers\" width=\"100%\" height=\"150\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-6336\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Building a Model of Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: OpenStax College. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/QGHIMgmO@11.12:qPYFpWfb@10\/Building-a-Model-of-Aggregate-\">https:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/QGHIMgmO@11.12:qPYFpWfb@10\/Building-a-Model-of-Aggregate-<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: Download for free at http:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/4061c832-098e-4b3c-a1d9-7eb593a2cb31@11.11<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":29,"menu_order":5,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Building a Model of Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply\",\"author\":\"OpenStax College\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/QGHIMgmO@11.12:qPYFpWfb@10\/Building-a-Model-of-Aggregate-\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"Download for free at http:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/4061c832-098e-4b3c-a1d9-7eb593a2cb31@11.11\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"e39da4c8-e549-4dac-9610-7ad734e72f5e,c1222670-c7b8-4b95-820a-a38644d2eec0,42b8e4f5-da61-4741-a463-f74a9780e0d5","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-6336","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":185,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/oldwestbury-wm-macroeconomics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/6336","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/oldwestbury-wm-macroeconomics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/oldwestbury-wm-macroeconomics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/oldwestbury-wm-macroeconomics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/oldwestbury-wm-macroeconomics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/6336\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10503,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/oldwestbury-wm-macroeconomics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/6336\/revisions\/10503"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/oldwestbury-wm-macroeconomics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/185"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/oldwestbury-wm-macroeconomics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/6336\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/oldwestbury-wm-macroeconomics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6336"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/oldwestbury-wm-macroeconomics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=6336"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/oldwestbury-wm-macroeconomics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=6336"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/oldwestbury-wm-macroeconomics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=6336"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}