{"id":41,"date":"2015-09-28T22:09:35","date_gmt":"2015-09-28T22:09:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.candelalearning.com\/nutritionxmaster\/?post_type=chapter&p=41"},"modified":"2016-01-07T16:29:17","modified_gmt":"2016-01-07T16:29:17","slug":"carbohydrates","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/pierce-nutrition\/chapter\/carbohydrates\/","title":{"raw":"Simple Carbohydrates","rendered":"Simple Carbohydrates"},"content":{"raw":"Carbohydrates are the primary form of energy. There are many different types of carbohydrates. Three types are: simple, complex, and alternative sugar sweeteners.<\/strong>\r\n\r\nFor more about carbohydrates visit the Mayo Clinic page on carbohydrates<\/a>.\r\n

Simple Carbohydrates <\/strong><\/h2>\r\nSimple carbohydrates contain one molecule called monosaccharides, <\/strong>and double molecules are called disaccharides<\/strong>.\r\n

Monosaccharides<\/strong><\/h2>\r\nMonosaccharides are: glucose (a major source of energy in our bodies), fructose (commonly found in fruits and used commercially in many beverages), and galactose (not normally found in nature alone but found in the disaccharide called lactose). Monosaccharides are sweet foods such as honey and cane sugar. Other foods that contain simple sugars are dairy products, beans, and fruit.\r\n\r\nFigure: Monosaccharide (\u03b1-D<\/small>-Glucopyranose)\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_296\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"138\"]\"\u03b1-D-Glucopyranose\"<\/a> The stereochemical structure of a cyclic monosaccharide is a building block for polysaccharides.[\/caption]\r\n

Disaccharides<\/strong><\/h2>\r\nDisaccharides<\/strong> are: sucrose (table sugar), lactose (milk sugar), maltose (malt sugar). Disaccharides are in beverages and baked goods. They are refined for making brown sugar, powdered sugar, and molasses. Lactose is in dairy products such as cheese, yogurt, and ice cream. Maltose is found in beer and some breads and grains.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_298\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"194\"]\"Sterochemical<\/a> The stereochemical structure of a cyclic disaccharide. This is lactose.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n
FYI<\/strong>: Food manufacturers are always searching for cheaper ways to produce their food. One method that has been popular is the use of high-fructose corn syrup as an alternative to sucrose (table sugar). High-fructose corn syrup contains 55% fructose which is similar to sucrose. Nevertheless, because an increase in high-fructose corn syrup consumption has coincided with the increase of obesity in the US, there is a lot of controversy surrounding its use. In reading labels, one will usually see high-fructose corn syrup plus other sugars listed which can be adding to the obesity epidemic.<\/div>\r\nhttps:\/\/youtu.be\/fXMvregmU1g","rendered":"

Carbohydrates are the primary form of energy. There are many different types of carbohydrates. Three types are: simple, complex, and alternative sugar sweeteners.<\/strong><\/p>\n

For more about carbohydrates visit the Mayo Clinic page on carbohydrates<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Simple Carbohydrates <\/strong><\/h2>\n

Simple carbohydrates contain one molecule called monosaccharides, <\/strong>and double molecules are called disaccharides<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Monosaccharides<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Monosaccharides are: glucose (a major source of energy in our bodies), fructose (commonly found in fruits and used commercially in many beverages), and galactose (not normally found in nature alone but found in the disaccharide called lactose). Monosaccharides are sweet foods such as honey and cane sugar. Other foods that contain simple sugars are dairy products, beans, and fruit.<\/p>\n

Figure: Monosaccharide (\u03b1-D<\/small>-Glucopyranose)<\/p>\n

\"\u03b1-D-Glucopyranose\"<\/a><\/p>\n

The stereochemical structure of a cyclic monosaccharide is a building block for polysaccharides.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Disaccharides<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Disaccharides<\/strong> are: sucrose (table sugar), lactose (milk sugar), maltose (malt sugar). Disaccharides are in beverages and baked goods. They are refined for making brown sugar, powdered sugar, and molasses. Lactose is in dairy products such as cheese, yogurt, and ice cream. Maltose is found in beer and some breads and grains.<\/p>\n

\"Sterochemical<\/a><\/p>\n

The stereochemical structure of a cyclic disaccharide. This is lactose.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

FYI<\/strong>: Food manufacturers are always searching for cheaper ways to produce their food. One method that has been popular is the use of high-fructose corn syrup as an alternative to sucrose (table sugar). High-fructose corn syrup contains 55% fructose which is similar to sucrose. Nevertheless, because an increase in high-fructose corn syrup consumption has coincided with the increase of obesity in the US, there is a lot of controversy surrounding its use. In reading labels, one will usually see high-fructose corn syrup plus other sugars listed which can be adding to the obesity epidemic.<\/div>\n