{"id":57,"date":"2015-09-28T22:33:17","date_gmt":"2015-09-28T22:33:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.candelalearning.com\/nutritionxmaster\/?post_type=chapter&p=57"},"modified":"2016-01-07T16:40:35","modified_gmt":"2016-01-07T16:40:35","slug":"amino-acids","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/pierce-nutrition\/chapter\/amino-acids\/","title":{"raw":"Amino Acids","rendered":"Amino Acids"},"content":{"raw":"Proteins are made up of smaller units called amino acids. This name, amino acid, signifies that each contains an amine and an acid connected by a carbon backbone. The only structural difference between each of\u00a0the 20 amino acids is the R-Group or side chain.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_454\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"300\"]\"A<\/a> Amino acids are comprised of an amine, a carbon backbone, and an acid. The R-group or side-chain varies among the 20 amino acids.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nThere are twenty amino acids<\/a>; they are all made up of the same amine-carbon-acid combination with a variable side chain. An example of the\u00a0differences in the side group can be seen in the chemical structures of \u00a0methionine and alanine.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_457\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"252\"]\"The<\/a> The chemical structure of alanine.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_459\" align=\"alignright\" width=\"225\"]\"Chemical<\/a> Chemical structure of methionine.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nIndividual amino acids are bonded together with peptide bonds (a chemical bond specific to amino acids).\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_461\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"300\"]\"Peptide<\/a> Peptide bonds are formed when amino acids are joined together. Water is a by-product of this reaction.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nAmino acids can also come together to form dipeptides (two amino acids), tripeptides (three amino acids), oligopeptides (3-10 amino acids), and polypeptides (10 or more amino acids). A polypeptide is a chain of amino acids as shown below.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_464\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1024\"]\"Polypeptide<\/a> A polypeptide chain is multiple amino acids bonded together- like dancers in a conga line.[\/caption]\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/youtu.be\/cgf1l3YQPXo","rendered":"

Proteins are made up of smaller units called amino acids. This name, amino acid, signifies that each contains an amine and an acid connected by a carbon backbone. The only structural difference between each of\u00a0the 20 amino acids is the R-Group or side chain.<\/p>\n

\"A<\/a><\/p>\n

Amino acids are comprised of an amine, a carbon backbone, and an acid. The R-group or side-chain varies among the 20 amino acids.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

There are twenty amino acids<\/a>; they are all made up of the same amine-carbon-acid combination with a variable side chain. An example of the\u00a0differences in the side group can be seen in the chemical structures of \u00a0methionine and alanine.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"The<\/a><\/p>\n

The chemical structure of alanine.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"Chemical<\/a><\/p>\n

Chemical structure of methionine.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Individual amino acids are bonded together with peptide bonds (a chemical bond specific to amino acids).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"Peptide<\/a><\/p>\n

Peptide bonds are formed when amino acids are joined together. Water is a by-product of this reaction.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Amino acids can also come together to form dipeptides (two amino acids), tripeptides (three amino acids), oligopeptides (3-10 amino acids), and polypeptides (10 or more amino acids). A polypeptide is a chain of amino acids as shown below.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"Polypeptide<\/a><\/p>\n

A polypeptide chain is multiple amino acids bonded together- like dancers in a conga line.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n