{"id":534,"date":"2016-08-24T00:01:18","date_gmt":"2016-08-24T00:01:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/americangovernment\/?post_type=chapter&p=534"},"modified":"2016-08-24T00:01:18","modified_gmt":"2016-08-24T00:01:18","slug":"glossary-8","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-amgovernment\/chapter\/glossary-8\/","title":{"raw":"Glossary","rendered":"Glossary"},"content":{"raw":"

What Is the Media?<\/h2>\r\nagenda setting<\/strong> the media\u2019s ability to choose which issues or topics get attention\r\n\r\nmass media<\/strong> the collection of all media forms that communicate information to the general public\r\n\r\npublic relations<\/strong> biased communication intended to improve the image of people, companies, or organizations\r\n

The Evolution of the Media<\/h2>\r\ncitizen journalism<\/strong> video and print news posted to the Internet or social media by citizens rather than the news media\r\n\r\ndigital paywall<\/strong> the need for a paid subscription to access published online material\r\n\r\nmuckraking<\/strong> news coverage focusing on exposing corrupt business and government practices\r\n\r\nparty press era<\/strong> period during the 1780s in which newspaper content was biased by political partisanship\r\n\r\nsoft news<\/strong> news presented in an entertaining style\r\n\r\nyellow journalism<\/strong> sensationalized coverage of scandals and human interest stories\r\n

Regulating the Media<\/h2>\r\nequal-time rule<\/strong> an FCC policy that all candidates running for office must be given the same radio and television airtime opportunities\r\n\r\nfairness doctrine<\/strong> a 1949 Federal Communications Commission (FCC) policy, now defunct, that required holders of broadcast licenses to cover controversial issues in a balanced manner\r\n\r\nFreedom of Information Act (FOIA)<\/strong> a federal statute that requires public agencies to provide certain types of information requested by citizens\r\n\r\nindecency regulations<\/strong> laws that limit indecent and obscene material on public airwaves\r\n\r\nlibel<\/strong> printed information about a person or organization that is not true and harms the reputation of the person or organization\r\n\r\nprior restraint<\/strong> a government action that stops someone from doing something before they are able to do it (e.g., forbidding someone to publish a book he or she plans to release)\r\n\r\nreporter\u2019s privilege<\/strong> the right of a journalist to keep a source confidential\r\n\r\nslander<\/strong> spoken information about a person or organization that is not true and harms the reputation of the person or organization\r\n\r\nsunshine laws<\/strong> laws that require government documents and proceedings to be made public\r\n

The Impact of the Media<\/h2>\r\nbeat<\/strong> the coverage area assigned to journalists for news or stories\r\n\r\ncultivation theory<\/strong> the idea that media affect a citizen\u2019s worldview through the information presented\r\n\r\nframing<\/strong> the process of giving a news story a specific context or background\r\n\r\nhypodermic theory<\/strong> the idea that information is placed in a citizen\u2019s brain and accepted\r\n\r\nminimal effects theory<\/strong> the idea that the media have little effect on citizens\r\n\r\npriming<\/strong> the process of predisposing readers or viewers to think a particular way","rendered":"

What Is the Media?<\/h2>\n

agenda setting<\/strong> the media\u2019s ability to choose which issues or topics get attention<\/p>\n

mass media<\/strong> the collection of all media forms that communicate information to the general public<\/p>\n

public relations<\/strong> biased communication intended to improve the image of people, companies, or organizations<\/p>\n

The Evolution of the Media<\/h2>\n

citizen journalism<\/strong> video and print news posted to the Internet or social media by citizens rather than the news media<\/p>\n

digital paywall<\/strong> the need for a paid subscription to access published online material<\/p>\n

muckraking<\/strong> news coverage focusing on exposing corrupt business and government practices<\/p>\n

party press era<\/strong> period during the 1780s in which newspaper content was biased by political partisanship<\/p>\n

soft news<\/strong> news presented in an entertaining style<\/p>\n

yellow journalism<\/strong> sensationalized coverage of scandals and human interest stories<\/p>\n

Regulating the Media<\/h2>\n

equal-time rule<\/strong> an FCC policy that all candidates running for office must be given the same radio and television airtime opportunities<\/p>\n

fairness doctrine<\/strong> a 1949 Federal Communications Commission (FCC) policy, now defunct, that required holders of broadcast licenses to cover controversial issues in a balanced manner<\/p>\n

Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)<\/strong> a federal statute that requires public agencies to provide certain types of information requested by citizens<\/p>\n

indecency regulations<\/strong> laws that limit indecent and obscene material on public airwaves<\/p>\n

libel<\/strong> printed information about a person or organization that is not true and harms the reputation of the person or organization<\/p>\n

prior restraint<\/strong> a government action that stops someone from doing something before they are able to do it (e.g., forbidding someone to publish a book he or she plans to release)<\/p>\n

reporter\u2019s privilege<\/strong> the right of a journalist to keep a source confidential<\/p>\n

slander<\/strong> spoken information about a person or organization that is not true and harms the reputation of the person or organization<\/p>\n

sunshine laws<\/strong> laws that require government documents and proceedings to be made public<\/p>\n

The Impact of the Media<\/h2>\n

beat<\/strong> the coverage area assigned to journalists for news or stories<\/p>\n

cultivation theory<\/strong> the idea that media affect a citizen\u2019s worldview through the information presented<\/p>\n

framing<\/strong> the process of giving a news story a specific context or background<\/p>\n

hypodermic theory<\/strong> the idea that information is placed in a citizen\u2019s brain and accepted<\/p>\n

minimal effects theory<\/strong> the idea that the media have little effect on citizens<\/p>\n

priming<\/strong> the process of predisposing readers or viewers to think a particular way<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t

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Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t
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