{"id":546,"date":"2016-08-24T00:24:09","date_gmt":"2016-08-24T00:24:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/americangovernment\/?post_type=chapter&p=546"},"modified":"2016-08-24T00:24:09","modified_gmt":"2016-08-24T00:24:09","slug":"glossary-14","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-amgovernment\/chapter\/glossary-14\/","title":{"raw":"Glossary","rendered":"Glossary"},"content":{"raw":"

State Power and Delegation<\/h2>\r\ncharter<\/strong> a document that provides a framework and detailed account of local government responsibilities and areas of authority\r\n\r\nDillon\u2019s Rule<\/strong> a legal principle that holds state power and actions above those of local governments and declares state governments to be sovereign relative to local governments\r\n\r\nexpressed powers<\/strong> those powers specifically provided to the Congress and the president in the U.S. Constitution\r\n\r\nhome rule<\/strong> principle that provides local governments some degree of independence from the state government, typically detailed in a charter\r\n\r\nimplied powers<\/strong> those powers not specifically detailed in the U.S. Constitution but inferred as necessary to achieve the objectives of the national government\r\n

State Political Culture<\/h2>\r\nindividualistic political culture<\/strong> a culture that views the government as a mechanism for addressing issues that matter to individual citizens and for pursuing individual goals\r\n\r\nmoralistic political culture<\/strong> a culture that views the government as a means to better society and promote the general welfare\r\n\r\ntraditionalistic political culture<\/strong> a culture that views the government as necessary to maintaining the existing social order or the status quo\r\n

Governors and State Legislatures<\/h2>\r\namendatory veto<\/strong> a veto that allows a governor to send a bill back to the legislature with a message requesting a specific amendment\r\n\r\ndelegate legislator<\/strong> a legislator who represents the will of those who elected him or her to office and acts in their expressed interest, even when it goes against a personal belief about what is ultimately in the constituency\u2019s best interest\r\n\r\nformal powers<\/strong> those powers a governor may exercise that are specifically outlined in the state constitution or state law\r\n\r\nline-item veto<\/strong> a state governor\u2019s ability to strike out a line or individual portions of a bill while letting the remainder pass into law\r\n\r\npardon<\/strong> a governor\u2019s action to absolve someone of blame for a crime and secure his or her release from prison\r\n\r\nreduction veto<\/strong> a governor\u2019s authority to reduce the amount budgeted in a piece of legislation\r\n\r\ntrustee<\/strong> an officeholder who believes he or she was elected to exercise judgment and to know best by virtue of having the time and expertise to study and understand an issue\r\n

State Legislative Term Limits<\/h2>\r\nconsecutive term limits<\/strong> caps allowing a member of the legislature to serve for only a specified period of time in either the state house or senate and forcing a wait before the member can run again\r\n\r\nlifetime ban<\/strong> a rule that members can serve only one time in the state legislature for the number of years allotted and may not run again\r\n\r\nterm limits<\/strong> rules that restrict the length of time a member can serve in the state legislature\r\n

County and City Government<\/h2>\r\ncommission system<\/strong> an elected commission that serves as the governing body within a given county\r\n\r\ncouncil-administrator system<\/strong> an elected council that appoints an administrator to oversee the operation of the county government\r\n\r\ncouncil-elected executive system<\/strong> a county government in which voters elect both the members of the council and the executive\r\n\r\ncouncil-manager system<\/strong> a structure of government in which elected members of the city council appoint a city manager to carry out administrative functions\r\n\r\nmayor-council system<\/strong> a structure of government in which both city council members and the mayor are elected by voters","rendered":"

State Power and Delegation<\/h2>\n

charter<\/strong> a document that provides a framework and detailed account of local government responsibilities and areas of authority<\/p>\n

Dillon\u2019s Rule<\/strong> a legal principle that holds state power and actions above those of local governments and declares state governments to be sovereign relative to local governments<\/p>\n

expressed powers<\/strong> those powers specifically provided to the Congress and the president in the U.S. Constitution<\/p>\n

home rule<\/strong> principle that provides local governments some degree of independence from the state government, typically detailed in a charter<\/p>\n

implied powers<\/strong> those powers not specifically detailed in the U.S. Constitution but inferred as necessary to achieve the objectives of the national government<\/p>\n

State Political Culture<\/h2>\n

individualistic political culture<\/strong> a culture that views the government as a mechanism for addressing issues that matter to individual citizens and for pursuing individual goals<\/p>\n

moralistic political culture<\/strong> a culture that views the government as a means to better society and promote the general welfare<\/p>\n

traditionalistic political culture<\/strong> a culture that views the government as necessary to maintaining the existing social order or the status quo<\/p>\n

Governors and State Legislatures<\/h2>\n

amendatory veto<\/strong> a veto that allows a governor to send a bill back to the legislature with a message requesting a specific amendment<\/p>\n

delegate legislator<\/strong> a legislator who represents the will of those who elected him or her to office and acts in their expressed interest, even when it goes against a personal belief about what is ultimately in the constituency\u2019s best interest<\/p>\n

formal powers<\/strong> those powers a governor may exercise that are specifically outlined in the state constitution or state law<\/p>\n

line-item veto<\/strong> a state governor\u2019s ability to strike out a line or individual portions of a bill while letting the remainder pass into law<\/p>\n

pardon<\/strong> a governor\u2019s action to absolve someone of blame for a crime and secure his or her release from prison<\/p>\n

reduction veto<\/strong> a governor\u2019s authority to reduce the amount budgeted in a piece of legislation<\/p>\n

trustee<\/strong> an officeholder who believes he or she was elected to exercise judgment and to know best by virtue of having the time and expertise to study and understand an issue<\/p>\n

State Legislative Term Limits<\/h2>\n

consecutive term limits<\/strong> caps allowing a member of the legislature to serve for only a specified period of time in either the state house or senate and forcing a wait before the member can run again<\/p>\n

lifetime ban<\/strong> a rule that members can serve only one time in the state legislature for the number of years allotted and may not run again<\/p>\n

term limits<\/strong> rules that restrict the length of time a member can serve in the state legislature<\/p>\n

County and City Government<\/h2>\n

commission system<\/strong> an elected commission that serves as the governing body within a given county<\/p>\n

council-administrator system<\/strong> an elected council that appoints an administrator to oversee the operation of the county government<\/p>\n

council-elected executive system<\/strong> a county government in which voters elect both the members of the council and the executive<\/p>\n

council-manager system<\/strong> a structure of government in which elected members of the city council appoint a city manager to carry out administrative functions<\/p>\n

mayor-council system<\/strong> a structure of government in which both city council members and the mayor are elected by voters<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t

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Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t
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