{"id":130,"date":"2015-10-12T20:07:24","date_gmt":"2015-10-12T20:07:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.candelalearning.com\/zelixart102\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=130"},"modified":"2015-10-29T16:07:24","modified_gmt":"2015-10-29T16:07:24","slug":"bruelleschi-ghiberti-the-sacrifice-of-isaac","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-arthistory2\/chapter\/bruelleschi-ghiberti-the-sacrifice-of-isaac\/","title":{"raw":"Bruelleschi &amp; Ghiberti, The Sacrifice of Isaac","rendered":"Bruelleschi &amp; Ghiberti, The Sacrifice of Isaac"},"content":{"raw":"Dr. Beth Harris and Dr. Steven Zucker provide a description, historical perspective, and analysis of Brunelleschi' and Ghiberti's competition panels.\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/youtu.be\/uvgBSJPiQ8Y\r\n\r\nFilippo Brunelleschi &amp; Lorenzo Ghiberti, <i>Sacrifice of Isaac<\/i>, competition panels, Baptistery doors, gilded bronze relief, 1401-2 (Bargello, Florence)\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_131\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"898\"]<img class=\"size-full wp-image-131\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1122\/2015\/10\/02032208\/bg_isaac.jpg\" alt=\"Photographs of the two &quot;audition&quot; pieces side by side.\" width=\"898\" height=\"504\" \/> Figure 1. (left) Brunelleschi's competition piece; (right) Ghiberti's competition piece[\/caption]\r\n<h2>The Baptistry<\/h2>\r\nThere are three buildings that mark the spiritual center of Florence, the Cathedral (with its dome by Brunelleschi), the bell tower (or campanile, designed by Giotto and decorated with reliefs by Andrea Pisano), and the Baptistery. The Baptistery is a sixth\u00a0or seventh\u00a0century octagonal building with three entrances and was particularly beloved by the citizens of Florence, who had been baptized there for centuries.\r\n<h2>The Commission for the Doors<\/h2>\r\nIn 1401, the cloth merchant's guild decided to commission a second set of doors for the Florence Baptistery.\r\n\r\nThe major guilds of Florence had considerable power and were often responsible for maintaining and developing the city's major public buildings\u2014the cloth merchant's guild was the most powerful among the guilds.\r\n\r\nOne set of doors had already been created by Andrea Pisano and were completed in 1360. Two panels survive from the competition for the second set, Brunelleschi's entry and Ghiberti's entry. Ghiberti won by a narrow margin.\r\n<h2>The Historic Context<\/h2>\r\nAnd to set the scene\u2014just when the competition was announced, the city-state of Florence was threatened with invasion by the Duke of Milan\u2014their powerful arch enemy. But in 1402, the Duke of Milan died suddenly, and Florence was spared.\r\n\r\nIn the aftermath, Florence experienced an enormous sense of civic pride\u2014including pride in being a Republic where its citizens lived freely. They saw themselves as the heir to the ancient Roman republic and the golden age of Athens in the fifth\u00a0century BCE.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","rendered":"<p>Dr. Beth Harris and Dr. Steven Zucker provide a description, historical perspective, and analysis of Brunelleschi&#8217; and Ghiberti&#8217;s competition panels.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-1\" title=\"Please watch our updated video (see below), Brunelleschi &amp; Ghiberti, the Sacrifice of Isaac\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/uvgBSJPiQ8Y?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Filippo Brunelleschi &amp; Lorenzo Ghiberti, <i>Sacrifice of Isaac<\/i>, competition panels, Baptistery doors, gilded bronze relief, 1401-2 (Bargello, Florence)<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_131\" style=\"width: 908px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-131\" class=\"size-full wp-image-131\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1122\/2015\/10\/02032208\/bg_isaac.jpg\" alt=\"Photographs of the two &quot;audition&quot; pieces side by side.\" width=\"898\" height=\"504\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-131\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 1. (left) Brunelleschi&#8217;s competition piece; (right) Ghiberti&#8217;s competition piece<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>The Baptistry<\/h2>\n<p>There are three buildings that mark the spiritual center of Florence, the Cathedral (with its dome by Brunelleschi), the bell tower (or campanile, designed by Giotto and decorated with reliefs by Andrea Pisano), and the Baptistery. The Baptistery is a sixth\u00a0or seventh\u00a0century octagonal building with three entrances and was particularly beloved by the citizens of Florence, who had been baptized there for centuries.<\/p>\n<h2>The Commission for the Doors<\/h2>\n<p>In 1401, the cloth merchant&#8217;s guild decided to commission a second set of doors for the Florence Baptistery.<\/p>\n<p>The major guilds of Florence had considerable power and were often responsible for maintaining and developing the city&#8217;s major public buildings\u2014the cloth merchant&#8217;s guild was the most powerful among the guilds.<\/p>\n<p>One set of doors had already been created by Andrea Pisano and were completed in 1360. Two panels survive from the competition for the second set, Brunelleschi&#8217;s entry and Ghiberti&#8217;s entry. Ghiberti won by a narrow margin.<\/p>\n<h2>The Historic Context<\/h2>\n<p>And to set the scene\u2014just when the competition was announced, the city-state of Florence was threatened with invasion by the Duke of Milan\u2014their powerful arch enemy. But in 1402, the Duke of Milan died suddenly, and Florence was spared.<\/p>\n<p>In the aftermath, Florence experienced an enormous sense of civic pride\u2014including pride in being a Republic where its citizens lived freely. They saw themselves as the heir to the ancient Roman republic and the golden age of Athens in the fifth\u00a0century BCE.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-130\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Brunelleschi &amp; Ghiberti, The Sacrifice of Isaac. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Khan Academy. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140215034015\/http:\/\/smarthistory.khanacademy.org\/brunelleschi-ghiberti-isaac.html\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140215034015\/http:\/\/smarthistory.khanacademy.org\/brunelleschi-ghiberti-isaac.html<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":78,"menu_order":5,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Brunelleschi & Ghiberti, The Sacrifice of Isaac\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Khan Academy\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140215034015\/http:\/\/smarthistory.khanacademy.org\/brunelleschi-ghiberti-isaac.html\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-130","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":120,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-arthistory2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/130","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-arthistory2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-arthistory2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-arthistory2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/78"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-arthistory2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/130\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1340,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-arthistory2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/130\/revisions\/1340"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-arthistory2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/120"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-arthistory2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/130\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-arthistory2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=130"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-arthistory2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=130"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-arthistory2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=130"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-arthistory2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=130"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}