{"id":29,"date":"2016-11-15T21:39:23","date_gmt":"2016-11-15T21:39:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/astronomy\/?post_type=chapter&p=29"},"modified":"2017-07-26T18:29:38","modified_gmt":"2017-07-26T18:29:38","slug":"physical-and-orbital-data-for-the-planets","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-astronomy\/chapter\/physical-and-orbital-data-for-the-planets\/","title":{"raw":"Physical and Orbital Data for the Planets","rendered":"Physical and Orbital Data for the Planets"},"content":{"raw":"\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Physical Data for the Major Planets<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Major Planet<\/th>\r\nMean Diameter (km)<\/th>\r\nMean Diameter (Earth = 1)<\/th>\r\nMass (Earth = 1)<\/th>\r\nMean Density (g\/cm3<\/sup>)<\/th>\r\nRotation Period (d)<\/th>\r\nInclination of Equator to Orbit (\u00b0)<\/th>\r\nSurface Gravity (Earth = 1[g])<\/th>\r\nVelocity of Escape (km\/s)<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
Mercury<\/td>\r\n4879<\/td>\r\n0.38<\/td>\r\n0.055<\/td>\r\n5.43<\/td>\r\n58.<\/td>\r\n0.0<\/td>\r\n0.38<\/td>\r\n4.3<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Venus<\/td>\r\n12,104<\/td>\r\n0.95<\/td>\r\n0.815<\/td>\r\n5.24<\/td>\r\n\u2212243.<\/td>\r\n177<\/td>\r\n0.90<\/td>\r\n10.4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Earth<\/td>\r\n12,756<\/td>\r\n1.00<\/td>\r\n1.00<\/td>\r\n5.51<\/td>\r\n1.000<\/td>\r\n23.4<\/td>\r\n1.00<\/td>\r\n11.2<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Mars<\/td>\r\n6779<\/td>\r\n0.53<\/td>\r\n0.11<\/td>\r\n3.93<\/td>\r\n1.026<\/td>\r\n25.2<\/td>\r\n0.38<\/td>\r\n5.0<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Jupiter<\/td>\r\n140,000<\/td>\r\n10.9<\/td>\r\n318<\/td>\r\n1.33<\/td>\r\n0.414<\/td>\r\n3.1<\/td>\r\n2.53<\/td>\r\n60.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Saturn<\/td>\r\n117,000<\/td>\r\n9.13<\/td>\r\n95.2<\/td>\r\n0.69<\/td>\r\n0.440<\/td>\r\n26.7<\/td>\r\n1.07<\/td>\r\n36.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Uranus<\/td>\r\n50,700<\/td>\r\n3.98<\/td>\r\n14.5<\/td>\r\n1.27<\/td>\r\n\u22120.718<\/td>\r\n97.9<\/td>\r\n0.89<\/td>\r\n21.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Neptune<\/td>\r\n49,200<\/td>\r\n3.86<\/td>\r\n17.2<\/td>\r\n1.64<\/td>\r\n0.671<\/td>\r\n29.6<\/td>\r\n1.14<\/td>\r\n23.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Physical Data for Well-Studied Dwarf Planets<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Well-Studied Dwarf Planet<\/th>\r\nDiameter (km)<\/th>\r\nDiameter (Earth = 1)<\/th>\r\nMass (Earth = 1)<\/th>\r\nMean Density (g\/cm3<\/sup>)<\/th>\r\nRotation Period (d)<\/th>\r\nInclination of Equator to Orbit (\u00b0)<\/th>\r\nSurface Gravity (Earth = 1[g])<\/th>\r\nVelocity of Escape (km\/s)<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
Ceres<\/td>\r\n950<\/td>\r\n0.07<\/td>\r\n0.0002<\/td>\r\n2.2<\/td>\r\n0.378<\/td>\r\n3<\/td>\r\n0.03<\/td>\r\n0.5<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Pluto<\/td>\r\n2470<\/td>\r\n0.18<\/td>\r\n0.0024<\/td>\r\n1.9<\/td>\r\n\u22126.387<\/td>\r\n122<\/td>\r\n0.06<\/td>\r\n1.3<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Haumea<\/td>\r\n1700<\/td>\r\n0.13<\/td>\r\n0.0007<\/td>\r\n3<\/td>\r\n0.163<\/td>\r\n\u2014<\/td>\r\n\u2014<\/td>\r\n0.8<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Makemake<\/td>\r\n1400<\/td>\r\n0.11<\/td>\r\n0.0005<\/td>\r\n2<\/td>\r\n0.321<\/td>\r\n\u2014<\/td>\r\n\u2014<\/td>\r\n0.8<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Eris<\/td>\r\n2326<\/td>\r\n0.18<\/td>\r\n0.0028<\/td>\r\n2.5<\/td>\r\n1.25[footnote]<\/sup><\/a>This measurement is quite uncertain. [\/footnote]<\/sup><\/a><\/td>\r\n\u2014<\/td>\r\n\u2014<\/td>\r\n1.4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Orbital Data for the Major Planets<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Major Planet<\/th>\r\nSemimajor Axis (AU)<\/th>\r\nSemimajor Axis (106<\/sup> km)<\/th>\r\nSidereal Period (y)<\/th>\r\nSidereal Period (d)<\/th>\r\nMean Orbital Speed (km\/s)<\/th>\r\nOrbital Eccentricity<\/th>\r\nInclination of Orbit to Ecliptic (\u00b0)<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
Mercury<\/td>\r\n0.39<\/td>\r\n58<\/td>\r\n0.24<\/td>\r\n88.0<\/td>\r\n47.9<\/td>\r\n0.206<\/td>\r\n7.0<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Venus<\/td>\r\n0.72<\/td>\r\n108<\/td>\r\n0.6<\/td>\r\n224.7<\/td>\r\n35.0<\/td>\r\n0.007<\/td>\r\n3.4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Earth<\/td>\r\n1.00<\/td>\r\n149<\/td>\r\n1.00<\/td>\r\n365.2<\/td>\r\n29.8<\/td>\r\n0.017<\/td>\r\n0.0<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Mars<\/td>\r\n1.52<\/td>\r\n228<\/td>\r\n1.88<\/td>\r\n687.0<\/td>\r\n24.1<\/td>\r\n0.093<\/td>\r\n1.9<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Jupiter<\/td>\r\n5.20<\/td>\r\n778<\/td>\r\n11.86<\/td>\r\n\u2014<\/td>\r\n13.1<\/td>\r\n0.048<\/td>\r\n1.3<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Saturn<\/td>\r\n9.54<\/td>\r\n1427<\/td>\r\n29.46<\/td>\r\n\u2014<\/td>\r\n9.6<\/td>\r\n0.056<\/td>\r\n2.5<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Uranus<\/td>\r\n19.19<\/td>\r\n2871<\/td>\r\n84.01<\/td>\r\n\u2014<\/td>\r\n6.8<\/td>\r\n0.046<\/td>\r\n0.8<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Neptune<\/td>\r\n30.06<\/td>\r\n4497<\/td>\r\n164.82<\/td>\r\n\u2014<\/td>\r\n5.4<\/td>\r\n0.010<\/td>\r\n1.8<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Orbital Data for Well-Studied Dwarf Planets<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Well-Studied Dwarf Planet<\/th>\r\nSemimajor Axis (AU)<\/th>\r\nSemimajor Axis (106<\/sup> km)<\/th>\r\nSidereal Period (y)<\/th>\r\nMean Orbital Speed\r\n\r\n(km\/s)<\/th>\r\nOrbital Eccentricity<\/th>\r\nInclination of Orbit to Ecliptic (\u00b0)<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
Ceres<\/td>\r\n2.77<\/td>\r\n414.0<\/td>\r\n4.6<\/td>\r\n18<\/td>\r\n0.08<\/td>\r\n11<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Pluto<\/td>\r\n39.5<\/td>\r\n5915<\/td>\r\n248.6<\/td>\r\n4.7<\/td>\r\n0.25<\/td>\r\n17<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Haumea<\/td>\r\n43.1<\/td>\r\n6452<\/td>\r\n283.3<\/td>\r\n4.5<\/td>\r\n0.19<\/td>\r\n28<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Makemake<\/td>\r\n45.8<\/td>\r\n6850<\/td>\r\n309.9<\/td>\r\n4.4<\/td>\r\n0.16<\/td>\r\n29<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Eris<\/td>\r\n68.0<\/td>\r\n10,120<\/td>\r\n560.9<\/td>\r\n3.4<\/td>\r\n0.44<\/td>\r\n44<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n ","rendered":"\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Physical Data for the Major Planets<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Major Planet<\/th>\nMean Diameter (km)<\/th>\nMean Diameter (Earth = 1)<\/th>\nMass (Earth = 1)<\/th>\nMean Density (g\/cm3<\/sup>)<\/th>\nRotation Period (d)<\/th>\nInclination of Equator to Orbit (\u00b0)<\/th>\nSurface Gravity (Earth = 1[g])<\/th>\nVelocity of Escape (km\/s)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Mercury<\/td>\n4879<\/td>\n0.38<\/td>\n0.055<\/td>\n5.43<\/td>\n58.<\/td>\n0.0<\/td>\n0.38<\/td>\n4.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Venus<\/td>\n12,104<\/td>\n0.95<\/td>\n0.815<\/td>\n5.24<\/td>\n\u2212243.<\/td>\n177<\/td>\n0.90<\/td>\n10.4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Earth<\/td>\n12,756<\/td>\n1.00<\/td>\n1.00<\/td>\n5.51<\/td>\n1.000<\/td>\n23.4<\/td>\n1.00<\/td>\n11.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mars<\/td>\n6779<\/td>\n0.53<\/td>\n0.11<\/td>\n3.93<\/td>\n1.026<\/td>\n25.2<\/td>\n0.38<\/td>\n5.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Jupiter<\/td>\n140,000<\/td>\n10.9<\/td>\n318<\/td>\n1.33<\/td>\n0.414<\/td>\n3.1<\/td>\n2.53<\/td>\n60.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Saturn<\/td>\n117,000<\/td>\n9.13<\/td>\n95.2<\/td>\n0.69<\/td>\n0.440<\/td>\n26.7<\/td>\n1.07<\/td>\n36.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Uranus<\/td>\n50,700<\/td>\n3.98<\/td>\n14.5<\/td>\n1.27<\/td>\n\u22120.718<\/td>\n97.9<\/td>\n0.89<\/td>\n21.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Neptune<\/td>\n49,200<\/td>\n3.86<\/td>\n17.2<\/td>\n1.64<\/td>\n0.671<\/td>\n29.6<\/td>\n1.14<\/td>\n23.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Physical Data for Well-Studied Dwarf Planets<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Well-Studied Dwarf Planet<\/th>\nDiameter (km)<\/th>\nDiameter (Earth = 1)<\/th>\nMass (Earth = 1)<\/th>\nMean Density (g\/cm3<\/sup>)<\/th>\nRotation Period (d)<\/th>\nInclination of Equator to Orbit (\u00b0)<\/th>\nSurface Gravity (Earth = 1[g])<\/th>\nVelocity of Escape (km\/s)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Ceres<\/td>\n950<\/td>\n0.07<\/td>\n0.0002<\/td>\n2.2<\/td>\n0.378<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n0.03<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Pluto<\/td>\n2470<\/td>\n0.18<\/td>\n0.0024<\/td>\n1.9<\/td>\n\u22126.387<\/td>\n122<\/td>\n0.06<\/td>\n1.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Haumea<\/td>\n1700<\/td>\n0.13<\/td>\n0.0007<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n0.163<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n0.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Makemake<\/td>\n1400<\/td>\n0.11<\/td>\n0.0005<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n0.321<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n0.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Eris<\/td>\n2326<\/td>\n0.18<\/td>\n0.0028<\/td>\n2.5<\/td>\n1.25[1]<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/a><\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n1.4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Orbital Data for the Major Planets<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Major Planet<\/th>\nSemimajor Axis (AU)<\/th>\nSemimajor Axis (106<\/sup> km)<\/th>\nSidereal Period (y)<\/th>\nSidereal Period (d)<\/th>\nMean Orbital Speed (km\/s)<\/th>\nOrbital Eccentricity<\/th>\nInclination of Orbit to Ecliptic (\u00b0)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Mercury<\/td>\n0.39<\/td>\n58<\/td>\n0.24<\/td>\n88.0<\/td>\n47.9<\/td>\n0.206<\/td>\n7.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Venus<\/td>\n0.72<\/td>\n108<\/td>\n0.6<\/td>\n224.7<\/td>\n35.0<\/td>\n0.007<\/td>\n3.4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Earth<\/td>\n1.00<\/td>\n149<\/td>\n1.00<\/td>\n365.2<\/td>\n29.8<\/td>\n0.017<\/td>\n0.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mars<\/td>\n1.52<\/td>\n228<\/td>\n1.88<\/td>\n687.0<\/td>\n24.1<\/td>\n0.093<\/td>\n1.9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Jupiter<\/td>\n5.20<\/td>\n778<\/td>\n11.86<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n13.1<\/td>\n0.048<\/td>\n1.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Saturn<\/td>\n9.54<\/td>\n1427<\/td>\n29.46<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n9.6<\/td>\n0.056<\/td>\n2.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Uranus<\/td>\n19.19<\/td>\n2871<\/td>\n84.01<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n6.8<\/td>\n0.046<\/td>\n0.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Neptune<\/td>\n30.06<\/td>\n4497<\/td>\n164.82<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n5.4<\/td>\n0.010<\/td>\n1.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Orbital Data for Well-Studied Dwarf Planets<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Well-Studied Dwarf Planet<\/th>\nSemimajor Axis (AU)<\/th>\nSemimajor Axis (106<\/sup> km)<\/th>\nSidereal Period (y)<\/th>\nMean Orbital Speed<\/p>\n

(km\/s)<\/th>\n

Orbital Eccentricity<\/th>\nInclination of Orbit to Ecliptic (\u00b0)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Ceres<\/td>\n2.77<\/td>\n414.0<\/td>\n4.6<\/td>\n18<\/td>\n0.08<\/td>\n11<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Pluto<\/td>\n39.5<\/td>\n5915<\/td>\n248.6<\/td>\n4.7<\/td>\n0.25<\/td>\n17<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Haumea<\/td>\n43.1<\/td>\n6452<\/td>\n283.3<\/td>\n4.5<\/td>\n0.19<\/td>\n28<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Makemake<\/td>\n45.8<\/td>\n6850<\/td>\n309.9<\/td>\n4.4<\/td>\n0.16<\/td>\n29<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Eris<\/td>\n68.0<\/td>\n10,120<\/td>\n560.9<\/td>\n3.4<\/td>\n0.44<\/td>\n44<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

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