Instructions
As you work these matter and measurement problems, consider and explain:
- What type of question is it?
- How do you know what type of question it is?
- What information are you looking for?
- What information do they give?
- How will you go about solving this?
- Show how to solve the problem.
- Be able to answer for a different reaction, number, set of conditions, etc.
Questions
- Which of the following pairs of compounds can be used to illustrate the law of multiple proportions?
- NH4 and NH4Cl
- ZnO2 and ZnCl2
- H2O and HCl
- NO and NO2
- CH4 and CO2
- A sample of chemical X is found to contain 5.0 grams of oxygen, 10.0 grams of carbon, and 20.0
grams of nitrogen. The law of definite proportion would predict that a 70 gram sample of chemical
X should contain how many grams of carbon? - How many of the following postulates of Dalton’s atomic theory are still scientifically accepted?
- All atoms of the same element are identical.
- Compounds are combinations of different atoms.
- A chemical reaction changes the way atoms are grouped together.
- Atoms are indestructible.
- Who was the first scientist to show that atoms emit any negative particles?
- Many classic experiments have given us indirect evidence of the nature of the atom. Which of the experiments listed below did not give the results described?
- The Rutherford experiment proved the Thomson “plum-pudding” model of the atom to be essentially correct.
- The Rutherford experiment was useful in determining the nuclear charge on the atom.
- Millikan’s oil-drop experiment showed that the charge on any particle was a simple multiple of the charge on the electron.
- The electric discharge tube proved that electrons have a negative charge.
- All of the above experiments gave the results described.
- Which one of the following statements about atomic structure is false?
- An atom is mostly empty space.
- Almost all of the mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus.
- The protons and neutrons in the nucleus are very tightly packed.
- The number of protons and neutrons is always the same in the neutral atom.
- All of the above statements (A–D) are true.
- Which of the following atomic symbols is incorrect?
- [latex]{}_{14}^{16}\text{C}[/latex]
- [latex]{}_{17}^{37}\text{Cl}[/latex]
- [latex]{}_{15}^{32}\text{P}[/latex]
- [latex]{}_{19}^{39}\text{K}[/latex]
- [latex]{}_{14}^{8}\text{N}[/latex]
- The element rhenium (Re) exists as two stable isotopes and 18 unstable isotopes. What does Rhenium-185 have in its nucleus?
- Which among the following represents a set of isotopes? Atomic nuclei containing:
- 20 protons and 20 neutrons
- 21 protons and 19 neutrons
- 22 neutrons and 18 protons
- 20 protons and 22 neutrons
- 21 protons and 20 neutrons
- How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does [latex]{}_{20}^{40}\text{Ca}^{2+}[/latex] have?
- Which of the following is a species with 12 protons and 10 electrons?
- Ne2+
- Ti2+
- Mg2+
- Mg
- Ne2-
- How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in [latex]{}_{19}^{39}\text{K}^+[/latex]
- What does the formula of water, H2O, suggest?
- There is twice as much mass of hydrogen as oxygen in each molecule.
- There are two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom per water molecule.
- There is twice as much mass of oxygen as hydrogen in each molecule.
- There are two oxygen atoms and one hydrogen atom per water molecule.
- None of these.
- Which of the following are incorrectly paired?
- K, alkali metal
- Ba, alkaline earth metal
- O, halogen
- Ne, noble gas
- Ni, transition metal
- Which of the following are incorrectly paired?
- Copper, Cu
- Carbon, C
- Cobalt, Co
- Calcium, Ca
- Cesium, Ce
- All of the following are characteristics of metals except:
- good conductors of heat
- malleable
- ductile
- often lustrous
- tend to gain electrons in chemical reactions
- Which of the following names is incorrect?
- cobalt(II) chloride
- magnesium oxide
- aluminum(III) oxide
- diphosphorus pentoxide
- All of the above names are correct
- Which of the following pairs is incorrect?
- iodine trichloride, ICl3
- phosophorus pentoxide, P2O5
- ammonia, NH3
- sulfur hexafluoride, SF6
- All of the above pairs are correct.
- How many oxygen atoms are there in one formula unit of Ca2+?
- What is the correct name for FeO?
- What is the correct name for Ca2+?
- What is the correct name for V3+?
- What is the subscript of barium in the formula of barium sulfate?
- What is the formula for calcium bisulfate?
- Which of the following is incorrectly named?
- Pb(NO3)2, lead(II) nitrate
- NH4ClO4, ammonium perchlorate
- PO43−, phosphate ion
- Mg(OH)2, magnesium hydroxide
- NO3−, nitrite ion