Table of Contents
This page contains several tables detailing the standard thermodynamic properties for several different substances. The table has been separated by substance, as listed below:
 
Aluminum
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| Al(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
28.3 | 
| Al(g) | 
324.4 | 
285.7 | 
164.54 | 
| Al2O3(s) | 
–1676 | 
–1582 | 
50.92 | 
| AlF3(s) | 
–1510.4 | 
–1425 | 
66.5 | 
| AlCl3(s) | 
–704.2 | 
–628.8 | 
110.67 | 
| AlCl3•6H2O(s) | 
–2691.57 | 
–2269.40 | 
376.56 | 
| Al2S3(s) | 
–724.0 | 
–492.4 | 
116.9 | 
| Al2(SO4)3(s) | 
–3445.06 | 
–3506.61 | 
239.32 | 
(Back to Top)
Antimony
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| Sb(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
45.69 | 
| Sb(g) | 
262.34 | 
222.17 | 
180.16 | 
| Sb4O6(s) | 
–1440.55 | 
–1268.17 | 
220.92 | 
| SbCl3(g) | 
–313.8 | 
–301.2 | 
337.80 | 
| SbCl5(g) | 
–394.34 | 
–334.29 | 
401.94 | 
| Sb2S3(s) | 
–174.89 | 
–173.64 | 
182.00 | 
| SbCl3(s) | 
–382.17 | 
–323.72 | 
184.10 | 
| SbOCl(s) | 
–374.0 | 
— | 
— | 
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Arsenic
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| As(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
35.1 | 
| As(g) | 
302.5 | 
261.0 | 
174.21 | 
| As4(g) | 
143.9 | 
92.4 | 
314 | 
| As4O6(s) | 
–1313.94 | 
–1152.52 | 
214.22 | 
| As2O5(s) | 
–924.87 | 
–782.41 | 
105.44 | 
| AsCl3(g) | 
–261.50 | 
–248.95 | 
327.06 | 
| As2S3(s) | 
–169.03 | 
–168.62 | 
163.59 | 
| AsH3(g) | 
66.44 | 
68.93 | 
222.78 | 
| H3AsO4(s) | 
–906.3 | 
— | 
— | 
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Barium
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| Ba(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
62.5 | 
| Ba(g) | 
180 | 
146 | 
170.24 | 
| BaO(s) | 
–548.0 | 
–520.3 | 
72.1 | 
| BaCl2(s) | 
–855.0 | 
–806.7 | 
123.7 | 
| BaSO4(s) | 
–1473.2 | 
–1362.3 | 
132.2 | 
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Beryllium
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| Be(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
9.50 | 
| Be(g) | 
324.3 | 
286.6 | 
136.27 | 
| BeO(s) | 
–609.4 | 
–580.1 | 
13.8 | 
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Bismuth
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| Bi(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
56.74 | 
| Bi(g) | 
207.1 | 
168.2 | 
187.00 | 
| Bi2O3(s) | 
–573.88 | 
–493.7 | 
151.5 | 
| BiCl3(s) | 
–379.07 | 
–315.06 | 
176.98 | 
| Bi2S3(s) | 
–143.1 | 
–140.6 | 
200.4 | 
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Boron
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| B(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
5.86 | 
| B(g) | 
565.0 | 
521.0 | 
153.4 | 
| B2O3(s) | 
–1273.5 | 
–1194.3 | 
53.97 | 
| B2H6(g) | 
36.4 | 
87.6 | 
232.1 | 
| H3BO3(s) | 
–1094.33 | 
–968.92 | 
88.83 | 
| BF3(g) | 
–1136.0 | 
–1119.4 | 
254.4 | 
| BCl3(g) | 
–403.8 | 
–388.7 | 
290.1 | 
| B3N3H6(l) | 
–540.99 | 
–392.79 | 
199.58 | 
| HBO2(s) | 
–794.25 | 
–723.41 | 
37.66 | 
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Bromine
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| Br2(l) | 
0 | 
0 | 
152.23 | 
| Br2(g) | 
30.91 | 
3.142 | 
245.5 | 
| Br(g) | 
111.88 | 
82.429 | 
175.0 | 
| BrF3(g) | 
–255.60 | 
–229.45 | 
292.42 | 
| HBr(g) | 
–36.3 | 
–53.43 | 
198.7 | 
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Cadmium
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| Cd(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
51.76 | 
| Cd(g) | 
112.01 | 
77.41 | 
167.75 | 
| CdO(s) | 
–258.2 | 
–228.4 | 
54.8 | 
| CdCl2(s) | 
–391.5 | 
–343.9 | 
115.3 | 
| CdSO4(s) | 
–933.3 | 
–822.7 | 
123.0 | 
| CdS(s) | 
–161.9 | 
–156.5 | 
64.9 | 
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Calcium
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
 | 
| Ca(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
41.6 | 
| Ca(g) | 
178.2 | 
144.3 | 
154.88 | 
| CaO(s) | 
–634.9 | 
–603.3 | 
38.1 | 
| Ca(OH)2(s) | 
–985.2 | 
–897.5 | 
83.4 | 
| CaSO4(s) | 
–1434.5 | 
–1322.0 | 
106.5 | 
| CaSO4•2H2O(s) | 
–2022.63 | 
–1797.45 | 
194.14 | 
| CaCO3(s) (calcite) | 
–1220.0 | 
–1081.4 | 
110.0 | 
| CaSO3•H2O(s) | 
–1752.68 | 
–1555.19 | 
184.10 | 
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Carbon
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| C(s) (graphite) | 
0 | 
0 | 
5.740 | 
| C(s) (diamond) | 
1.89 | 
2.90 | 
2.38 | 
| C(g) | 
716.681 | 
671.2 | 
158.1 | 
| CO(g) | 
–110.52 | 
–137.15 | 
197.7 | 
| CO2(g) | 
–393.51 | 
–394.36 | 
213.8 | 
| CH4(g) | 
–74.6 | 
–50.5 | 
186.3 | 
| CH3OH(l) | 
–239.2 | 
–166.6 | 
126.8 | 
| CH3OH(g) | 
–201.0 | 
–162.3 | 
239.9 | 
| CCl4(l) | 
–128.2 | 
–62.5 | 
214.4 | 
| CCl4(g) | 
–95.7 | 
–58.2 | 
309.7 | 
| CHCl3(l) | 
–134.1 | 
–73.7 | 
201.7 | 
| CHCl3(g) | 
–103.14 | 
–70.34 | 
295.71 | 
| CS2(l) | 
89.70 | 
65.27 | 
151.34 | 
| CS2(g) | 
116.9 | 
66.8 | 
238.0 | 
| C2H2(g) | 
227.4 | 
209.2 | 
200.9 | 
| C2H4(g) | 
52.4 | 
68.4 | 
219.3 | 
| C2H6(g) | 
–84.0 | 
–32.0 | 
229.2 | 
| CH3CO2H(l) | 
–484.3 | 
–389.9 | 
159.8 | 
| CH3CO2H(g) | 
–434.84 | 
–376.69 | 
282.50 | 
| C2H5OH(l) | 
–277.6 | 
–174.8 | 
160.7 | 
| C2H5OH(g) | 
–234.8 | 
–167.9 | 
281.6 | 
| C3H8(g) | 
–103.8 | 
–23.4 | 
270.3 | 
| C6H6(g) | 
82.927 | 
129.66 | 
269.2 | 
| C6H6(l) | 
49.1 | 
124.50 | 
173.4 | 
| CH2Cl2(l) | 
–124.2 | 
–63.2 | 
177.8 | 
| CH2Cl2(g) | 
–95.4 | 
–65.90 | 
270.2 | 
| CH3Cl(g) | 
–81.9 | 
–60.2 | 
234.6 | 
| C2H5Cl(l) | 
–136.52 | 
–59.31 | 
190.79 | 
| C2H5Cl(g) | 
–112.17 | 
–60.39 | 
276.00 | 
| C2N2(g) | 
308.98 | 
297.36 | 
241.90 | 
| HCN(l) | 
108.9 | 
125.0 | 
112.8 | 
| HCN(g) | 
135.5 | 
124.7 | 
201.8 | 
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Chlorine
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| Cl2(g) | 
0 | 
0 | 
223.1 | 
| Cl(g) | 
121.3 | 
105.70 | 
165.2 | 
| ClF(g) | 
–54.48 | 
–55.94 | 
217.78 | 
| ClF3(g) | 
–158.99 | 
–118.83 | 
281.50 | 
| Cl2O(g) | 
80.3 | 
97.9 | 
266.2 | 
| Cl2O7(l) | 
238.1 | 
— | 
— | 
| Cl2O7(g) | 
272.0 | 
— | 
— | 
| HCl(g) | 
–92.307 | 
–95.299 | 
186.9 | 
| HClO4(l) | 
–40.58 | 
— | 
— | 
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Chromium
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| Cr(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
23.77 | 
| Cr(g) | 
396.6 | 
351.8 | 
174.50 | 
| Cr2O3(s) | 
–1139.7 | 
–1058.1 | 
81.2 | 
| CrO3(s) | 
–589.5 | 
— | 
— | 
| (NH4)2Cr2O7(s) | 
–1806.7 | 
— | 
— | 
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Cobalt
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| Co(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
30.0 | 
| CoO(s) | 
–237.9 | 
–214.2 | 
52.97 | 
| Co3O4(s) | 
–910.02 | 
–794.98 | 
114.22 | 
| Co(NO3)2(s) | 
–420.5 | 
— | 
— | 
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Copper
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| Cu(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
33.15 | 
| Cu(g) | 
338.32 | 
298.58 | 
166.38 | 
| CuO(s) | 
–157.3 | 
–129.7 | 
42.63 | 
| Cu2O(s) | 
–168.6 | 
–146.0 | 
93.14 | 
| CuS(s) | 
–53.1 | 
–53.6 | 
66.5 | 
| Cu2S(s) | 
–79.5 | 
–86.2 | 
120.9 | 
| CuSO4(s) | 
–771.36 | 
–662.2 | 
109.2 | 
| Cu(NO3)2(s) | 
–302.9 | 
— | 
— | 
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Fluorine
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| F2(g) | 
0 | 
0 | 
202.8 | 
| F(g) | 
79.4 | 
62.3 | 
158.8 | 
| F2O(g) | 
24.7 | 
41.9 | 
247.43 | 
| HF(g) | 
–273.3 | 
–275.4 | 
173.8 | 
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Hydrogen
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| H2(g) | 
0 | 
0 | 
130.7 | 
| H(g) | 
217.97 | 
203.26 | 
114.7 | 
| H2O(l) | 
–285.83 | 
–237.1 | 
70.0 | 
| H2O(g) | 
–241.82 | 
–228.59 | 
188.8 | 
| H2O2(l) | 
–187.78 | 
–120.35 | 
109.6 | 
| H2O2(g) | 
–136.3 | 
–105.6 | 
232.7 | 
| HF(g) | 
–273.3 | 
–275.4 | 
173.8 | 
| HCl(g) | 
–92.307 | 
–95.299 | 
186.9 | 
| HBr(g) | 
–36.3 | 
–53.43 | 
198.7 | 
| HI(g) | 
26.48 | 
1.70 | 
206.59 | 
| H2S(g) | 
–20.6 | 
–33.4 | 
205.8 | 
| H2Se(g) | 
29.7 | 
15.9 | 
219.0 | 
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Iodine
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| I2(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
116.14 | 
| I2(g) | 
62.438 | 
19.3 | 
260.7 | 
| I(g) | 
106.84 | 
70.2 | 
180.8 | 
| IF(g) | 
95.65 | 
–118.49 | 
236.06 | 
| ICl(g) | 
17.78 | 
–5.44 | 
247.44 | 
| IBr(g) | 
40.84 | 
3.72 | 
258.66 | 
| IF7(g) | 
–943.91 | 
–818.39 | 
346.44 | 
| HI(g) | 
26.48 | 
1.70 | 
206.59 | 
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Iron
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| Fe(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
27.3 | 
| Fe(g) | 
416.3 | 
370.7 | 
180.5 | 
| Fe2O3(s) | 
–824.2 | 
–742.2 | 
87.40 | 
| Fe3O4(s) | 
–1118.4 | 
–1015.4 | 
146.4 | 
| Fe(CO)5(l) | 
–774.04 | 
–705.42 | 
338.07 | 
| Fe(CO)5(g) | 
–733.87 | 
–697.26 | 
445.18 | 
| FeCl2(s) | 
–341.79 | 
–302.30 | 
117.95 | 
| FeCl3(s) | 
–399.49 | 
–334.00 | 
142.3 | 
| FeO(s) | 
–272.0 | 
–255.2 | 
60.75 | 
| Fe(OH)2(s) | 
–569.0 | 
–486.5 | 
88. | 
| Fe(OH)3(s) | 
–823.0 | 
–696.5 | 
106.7 | 
| FeS(s) | 
–100.0 | 
–100.4 | 
60.29 | 
| Fe3C(s) | 
25.10 | 
20.08 | 
104.60 | 
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Lead
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| Pb(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
64.81 | 
| Pb(g) | 
195.2 | 
162. | 
175.4 | 
| PbO(s) (yellow) | 
–217.32 | 
–187.89 | 
68.70 | 
| PbO(s) (red) | 
–218.99 | 
–188.93 | 
66.5 | 
| Pb(OH)2(s) | 
–515.9 | 
— | 
— | 
| PbS(s) | 
–100.4 | 
–98.7 | 
91.2 | 
| Pb(NO3)2(s) | 
–451.9 | 
— | 
— | 
| PbO2(s) | 
–277.4 | 
–217.3 | 
68.6 | 
| PbCl2(s) | 
–359.4 | 
–314.1 | 
136.0 | 
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Lithium
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| Li(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
29.1 | 
| Li(g) | 
159.3 | 
126.6 | 
138.8 | 
| LiH(s) | 
–90.5 | 
–68.3 | 
20.0 | 
| Li(OH)(s) | 
–487.5 | 
–441.5 | 
42.8 | 
| LiF(s) | 
–616.0 | 
–587.5 | 
35.7 | 
| Li2CO3(s) | 
–1216.04 | 
–1132.19 | 
90.17 | 
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Manganese
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| Mn(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
32.0 | 
| Mn(g) | 
280.7 | 
238.5 | 
173.7 | 
| MnO(s) | 
–385.2 | 
–362.9 | 
59.71 | 
| MnO2(s) | 
–520.03 | 
–465.1 | 
53.05 | 
| Mn2O3(s) | 
–958.97 | 
–881.15 | 
110.46 | 
| Mn3O4(s) | 
–1378.83 | 
–1283.23 | 
155.64 | 
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Mercury
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| Hg(l) | 
0 | 
0 | 
75.9 | 
| Hg(g) | 
61.4 | 
31.8 | 
175.0 | 
| HgO(s) (red) | 
–90.83 | 
–58.5 | 
70.29 | 
| HgO(s) (yellow) | 
–90.46 | 
–58.43 | 
71.13 | 
| HgCl2(s) | 
–224.3 | 
–178.6 | 
146.0 | 
| Hg2Cl2(s) | 
–265.4 | 
–210.7 | 
191.6 | 
| HgS(s) (red) | 
–58.16 | 
–50.6 | 
82.4 | 
| HgS(s) (black) | 
–53.56 | 
–47.70 | 
88.28 | 
| HgSO4(s) | 
–707.51 | 
–594.13 | 
0.00 | 
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Nitrogen
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| N2(g) | 
0 | 
0 | 
191.6 | 
| N(g) | 
472.704 | 
455.5 | 
153.3 | 
| NO(g) | 
90.25 | 
87.6 | 
210.8 | 
| NO2(g) | 
33.2 | 
51.30 | 
240.1 | 
| N2O(g) | 
81.6 | 
103.7 | 
220.0 | 
| N2O3(g) | 
83.72 | 
139.41 | 
312.17 | 
| N2O4(g) | 
11.1 | 
99.8 | 
304.4 | 
| N2O5(g) | 
11.3 | 
115.1 | 
355.7 | 
| NH3(g) | 
–45.9 | 
–16.5 | 
192.8 | 
| N2H4(l) | 
50.63 | 
149.43 | 
121.21 | 
| N2H4(g) | 
95.4 | 
159.4 | 
238.5 | 
| NH4NO3(s) | 
–365.56 | 
–183.87 | 
151.08 | 
| NH4Cl(s) | 
–314.43 | 
–202.87 | 
94.6 | 
| NH4Br(s) | 
–270.8 | 
–175.2 | 
113.0 | 
| NH4I(s) | 
–201.4 | 
–112.5 | 
117.0 | 
| NH4NO2(s) | 
–256.5 | 
— | 
— | 
| HNO3(l) | 
–174.1 | 
–80.7 | 
155.6 | 
| HNO3(g) | 
–133.9 | 
–73.5 | 
266.9 | 
| HNO3(aq) | 
–207 | 
–110.9 | 
146 | 
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Oxygen
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| O2(g) | 
0 | 
0 | 
205.2 | 
| O(g) | 
249.17 | 
231.7 | 
161.1 | 
| O3(g) | 
142.7 | 
163.2 | 
238.9 | 
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Phosphorus
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| P4(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
164.4 | 
| P4(g) | 
58.91 | 
24.4 | 
280.0 | 
| P(g) | 
314.64 | 
278.25 | 
163.19 | 
| PH3(g) | 
5.4 | 
13.5 | 
210.2 | 
| PCl3(g) | 
–287.0 | 
–267.8 | 
311.78 | 
| PCl5(g) | 
–374.9 | 
–305.0 | 
364.4 | 
| P4O6(s) | 
–1640.1 | 
— | 
— | 
| P4O10(s) | 
–2984.0 | 
–2697.0 | 
228.86 | 
| HPO3(s) | 
–948.5 | 
— | 
— | 
| H3PO2(s) | 
–604.6 | 
— | 
— | 
| H3PO3(s) | 
–964.4 | 
— | 
— | 
| H3PO4(s) | 
–1279.0 | 
–1119.1 | 
110.50 | 
| H3PO4(l) | 
–1266.9 | 
–1124.3 | 
110.5 | 
| H4P2O7(s) | 
–2241.0 | 
— | 
— | 
| POCl3(l) | 
–597.1 | 
–520.8 | 
222.5 | 
| POCl3(g) | 
–558.5 | 
–512.9 | 
325.5 | 
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Potassium
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| K(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
64.7 | 
| K(g) | 
89.0 | 
60.5 | 
160.3 | 
| KF(s) | 
–576.27 | 
–537.75 | 
66.57 | 
| KCl(s) | 
–436.5 | 
–408.5 | 
82.6 | 
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Silicon
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| Si(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
18.8 | 
| Si(g) | 
450.0 | 
405.5 | 
168.0 | 
| SiO2(s) | 
–910.7 | 
–856.3 | 
41.5 | 
| SiH4(g) | 
34.3 | 
56.9 | 
204.6 | 
| H2SiO3(s) | 
–1188.67 | 
–1092.44 | 
133.89 | 
| H4SiO4(s) | 
–1481.14 | 
–1333.02 | 
192.46 | 
| SiF4(g) | 
–1615.0 | 
–1572.8 | 
282.8 | 
| SiCl4(l) | 
–687.0 | 
–619.8 | 
239.7 | 
| SiCl4(g) | 
–662.75 | 
–622.58 | 
330.62 | 
| SiC(s, beta cubic) | 
–73.22 | 
–70.71 | 
16.61 | 
| SiC(s, alpha hexagonal) | 
–71.55 | 
–69.04 | 
16.48 | 
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Silver
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| Ag(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
42.55 | 
| Ag(g) | 
284.9 | 
246.0 | 
172.89 | 
| Ag2O(s) | 
–31.05 | 
–11.20 | 
121.3 | 
| AgCl(s) | 
–127.0 | 
–109.8 | 
96.3 | 
| Ag2S(s) | 
–32.6 | 
–40.7 | 
144.0 | 
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Sodium
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| Na(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
51.3 | 
| Na(g) | 
107.5 | 
77.0 | 
153.7 | 
| Na2O(s) | 
–414.2 | 
–375.5 | 
75.1 | 
| NaCl(s) | 
–411.2 | 
–384.1 | 
72.1 | 
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Sulfur
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| S8(s) (rhombic) | 
0 | 
0 | 
256.8 | 
| S(g) | 
278.81 | 
238.25 | 
167.82 | 
| SO2(g) | 
–296.83 | 
–300.1 | 
248.2 | 
| SO3(g) | 
–395.72 | 
–371.06 | 
256.76 | 
| H2S(g) | 
–20.6 | 
–33.4 | 
205.8 | 
| H2SO4(l) | 
–813.989 | 
690.00 | 
156.90 | 
| H2S2O7(s) | 
–1273.6 | 
— | 
— | 
| SF4(g) | 
–728.43 | 
–684.84 | 
291.12 | 
| SF6(g) | 
–1220.5 | 
–1116.5 | 
291.5 | 
| SCl2(l) | 
–50 | 
— | 
— | 
| SCl2(g) | 
–19.7 | 
— | 
— | 
| S2Cl2(l) | 
–59.4 | 
— | 
— | 
| S2Cl2(g) | 
–19.50 | 
–29.25 | 
319.45 | 
| SOCl2(g) | 
–212.55 | 
–198.32 | 
309.66 | 
| SOCl2(l) | 
–245.6 | 
— | 
— | 
| SO2Cl2(l) | 
–394.1 | 
— | 
— | 
| SO2Cl2(g) | 
–354.80 | 
–310.45 | 
311.83 | 
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Tin
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| Sn(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
51.2 | 
| Sn(g) | 
301.2 | 
266.2 | 
168.5 | 
| SnO(s) | 
–285.8 | 
–256.9 | 
56.5 | 
| SnO2(s) | 
–577.6 | 
–515.8 | 
49.0 | 
| SnCl4(l) | 
–511.3 | 
–440.1 | 
258.6 | 
| SnCl4(g) | 
–471.5 | 
–432.2 | 
365.8 | 
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Titanium
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| Ti(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
30.7 | 
| Ti(g) | 
473.0 | 
428.4 | 
180.3 | 
| TiO2(s) | 
–944.0 | 
–888.8 | 
50.6 | 
| TiCl4(l) | 
–804.2 | 
–737.2 | 
252.4 | 
| TiCl4(g) | 
–763.2 | 
–726.3 | 
353.2 | 
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Tungsten
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
 | 
| W(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
32.6 | 
| W(g) | 
849.4 | 
807.1 | 
174.0 | 
| WO3(s) | 
–842.9 | 
–764.0 | 
75.9 | 
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Zinc
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| Zn(s) | 
0 | 
0 | 
41.6 | 
| Zn(g) | 
130.73 | 
95.14 | 
160.98 | 
| ZnO(s) | 
–350.5 | 
–320.5 | 
43.7 | 
| ZnCl2(s) | 
–415.1 | 
–369.43 | 
111.5 | 
| ZnS(s) | 
–206.0 | 
–201.3 | 
57.7 | 
| ZnSO4(s) | 
–982.8 | 
–871.5 | 
110.5 | 
| ZnCO3(s) | 
–812.78 | 
–731.57 | 
82.42 | 
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Other Complexes
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances | 
| Substance | 
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) | 
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) | 
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) | 
| [Co(NH3)4(NO2)2]NO3, cis | 
–898.7 | 
— | 
— | 
| [Co(NH3)4(NO2)2]NO3, trans | 
–896.2 | 
— | 
— | 
| NH4[Co(NH3)2(NO2)4] | 
–837.6 | 
— | 
— | 
| [Co(NH3)6][Co(NH3)2(NO2)4]3 | 
–2733.0 | 
— | 
— | 
| [Co(NH3)4Cl2]Cl, cis | 
–874.9 | 
— | 
— | 
| [Co(NH3)4Cl2]Cl, trans | 
–877.4 | 
— | 
— | 
| [Co(en)2(NO2)2]NO3, cis | 
–689.5 | 
— | 
— | 
| [Co(en)2Cl2]Cl, cis | 
–681.2 | 
— | 
— | 
| [Co(en)2Cl2]Cl, trans | 
–677.4 | 
— | 
— | 
| [Co(en)3](ClO4)3 | 
–762.7 | 
— | 
— | 
| [Co(en)3]Br2 | 
–595.8 | 
— | 
— | 
| [Co(en)3]I2 | 
–475.3 | 
— | 
— | 
| [Co(en)3]I3 | 
–519.2 | 
— | 
— | 
| [Co(NH3)6](ClO4)3 | 
–1034.7 | 
–221.1 | 
615 | 
| [Co(NH3)5NO2](NO3)2 | 
–1088.7 | 
–412.9 | 
331 | 
| [Co(NH3)6](NO3)3 | 
–1282.0 | 
–524.5 | 
448 | 
| [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 | 
–1017.1 | 
–582.5 | 
366.1 | 
| [Pt(NH3)4]Cl2 | 
–725.5 | 
— | 
— | 
| [Ni(NH3)6]Cl2 | 
–994.1 | 
— | 
— | 
| [Ni(NH3)6]Br2 | 
–923.8 | 
— | 
— | 
| [Ni(NH3)6]I2 | 
–808.3 | 
— | 
— | 
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