References | Models and Mechanisms of Public Health

Newman, L., Rowley, J., Hoorn, S. V., Wijesooriya, N. S., Unemo, M., Low, N., . . . Temmerman, M. (2015, December 8). Global Estimates of the Prevalence and Incidence of Four Curable Sexually Transmitted Infections in 2012 Based on Systematic Review and Global Reporting. Retrieved September 14, 2018, from https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0143304

https://www.unicef.org/cbsc/files/Module_1_SEM-C4D.docx

https://www.acha.org/HealthyCampus/Implement/Ecological_Model/HealthyCampus/Ecological_Model.aspx

https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/overview/social-ecologicalmodel.html

http://www.who.int/violenceprevention/approach/ecology/en/

https://joe.org/joe/2014february/rb3.php

https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/overview/social-ecologicalmodel.html

https://www.unicef.org/cbsc/files/Module_1_SEM-C4D.docx

http://www.unicef.org/cbsc/files/Niger-Experience.pptx

https://www.healthypeople.gov/2010/hp2020/advisory/phasei/summary.html

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/public-health-nutrition/article/socioecological-perspective-on-behavioural-interventions-to-influence-food-choice-in-schools-alternative-complementary-or-synergistic/E7E6204BC669950855010F21F75FB1C9

https://childhoodobesitysucks.wordpress.com/how-the-social-ecology-of-health-model-can-help/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rm00AzC-gEU

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1yk0APaQUGc

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5553289/

https://www.healthypeople.gov/2010/hp2020/advisory/phasei/summary.htm

https://www.acha.org/HealthyCampus/Implement/Ecological_Model/HealthyCampus/Ecological_Model.aspx

https://www.unicef.org/cbsc/files/Module_1_SEM-C4D.docx

http://www.unicef.org/cbsc/files/Niger-Experience.pptx

https://www.healthypeople.gov/2010/hp2020/advisory/phasei/summary.html

http://www.re-aim.org/about/frequently-asked-questions/

Chapter 4 References:

Kumar, S., Quinn, S. C., Kim, K. H., Musa, D., Hilyard, K. M., & Freimuth, V. S. (2011). The Social Ecological Model as a Framework for Determinants of 2009 H1N1 Influenza Vaccine Uptake in the United States. Health Education & Behavior,39(2), 229-243.

Social Ecological Model. (2015, October 27). Retrieved from

https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/crccp/sem.htm

Chapter 5 References:

Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. (2014). Retrieved September 20, 2018, from https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/factsheets/pdf/BRFSS-History.pdf.National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. (2018, September 19). Retrieved September 20, 2018, from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/index.htm

Risk factors. (2017, October 05). Retrieved September 20, 2018, from http://www.who.int/topics/risk_factors/en/

Segrin, C. (2017). Indirect Effects of Social Skills on Health Through Stress and Loneliness. Health Communication, 1-7. doi:10.1080/10410236.2017.1384434

Short, S. E., & Mollborn, S. (2015). Social Determinants and Health Behaviors: Conceptual

Frames and Empirical Advances. Current Opinion Psychology,78-84. doi:10.10.16/j.copsyc.2015.05.002

Spring, B., Moller, A. C., & Coons, M. J. (2012). Multiple health behaviours: overview

and implications. Journal of Public Health (Oxford, England), 34(Suppl 1),

i3–i10. http://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdr111

Chapter 6 References:

Obesity:

Benefits of Exercise. (2018, August 22). Retrieved from https://medlineplus.gov/benefitsofexercise.html

Defining Adult Overweight and Obesity. (2016, June 16). Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/defining.html

Exclusive breastfeeding to reduce the risk of childhood overweight and obesity. (2015, April 22). Retrieved from http://www.who.int/elena/titles/bbc/breastfeeding_childhood_obesity/en/

Ferdman, R. A. (2014, June 20). The mysterious case of America’s plummeting milk consumption. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2014/06/20/the-mysterious-case-of-americas-plummeting-milk-consumption/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.45826adb9174

Macera, C. A. (n.d.). PROMOTING HEALTHY EATING AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY FOR A HEALTHIER NATION. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/publications/pdf/pp-ch7.pdf

Madell, R. (2017, June 16). Exercise and Heart Disease Statistics. Retrieved from https://www.healthline.com/health/heart-disease/exercise-statistics#1

National Center for Health Statistics. (2017, May 03). Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/obesity-overweight.htm

Oberg, E., & Frank, E. (2009, December). Physicians’ health practices strongly influence patient health practices. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3058599/#

O. (2017). Obesity Update 2017. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/els/health-systems/Obesity-Update-2017.pdf

Overweight & Obesity. (2018, March 05). Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html

Overweight & Obesity. (2018, August 13). Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/childhood.html

Schneider, M. J. (2010). Introduction to Public Health(5th ed.). Sudbury: Jones and Bartlett.

Socioeconomics and Obesity. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://stateofobesity.org/socioeconomics-obesity/

The State of Obesity Created with Sketch. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://stateofobesity.org/obesity-rates-trends-overview/

Why 5 A Day? (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/eat-well/why-5-a-day/

HIV/AIDS

Centers for Disease Control (2016). CDC Fact Sheet: Today’s HIV/AIDS Epidemic, 1

Centers for Disease Control (2017). Atlas Plus Explore CDC’s HIV, 1

Centers for Disease Control (2017). Anal Sex and HIV Risk, 1

Centers for Disease Control (2018). High-Impact HIV Prevention: CDC’s Approach to Reducing HIV Infections in the United States

Centers for Disease Control (2017) Sexual Risk Behaviors: HIV, STD, & Teen Pregnancy Prevention, 1

Centers for Disease Control (2018). Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP), 1

Centers for Disease Control (2018). HIV/AIDS Basic Statistics, 1

Health and behavior: the interplay of biological, behavioral, and societal influences. (2001). Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.

Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Health and Behavior: Research, P., & Policy, A. (1970, January 01). Social Risk Factors. Retrieved March 29, 2018, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK43750/

International Center for Research on Women (ICRW) (2005) ‘HIV-related stigma across contexts: common at its core'[pdf]

Naar-King S, M. G., Garvie P, Kammerer B, Malee K, Sirois PA, Aaron L, Nichols. (2013). Social ecological predictors of longitudinal HIV treatment adherence in youth with perinatally acquired HIV. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 38(6), 664-674. doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jst017

Ndeffo-Mbah, M. L., Vigliotti, V. S., Skrip, L. A., Dolan, K., & Galvani, A. P. (n.d.). Dynamic Models of Infectious Disease Transmission in Prisons and the General Population. Retrieved March 29, 2018, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29566137

Stefan Baral, C. H. L., Ashley Grosso, Andrea L Wirtz, Chris Beyer. (2013). Modified social ecological model: a tool to guide the assessment of the risks and risk contexts of HIV epidemics. BMC Public Health, 13(482). doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-4

https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C5CHFA_enUS710US710&biw=2560&bih=1344&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=9LerW4LWLOaMggfRxK-YAQ&q=hiv+virus+microscope&oq=hiv+virus&gs_l=img.1.3.0j0i67j0l7j0i67.11056.11056..12773…0.0..0.62.62.1……1….1..gws-wiz-img.C2j7qH84R2I#imgrc=ZIwNq6sFiblKmM:

http://www.esourceresearch.org/eSourceBook/SocialandBehavioralTheories/5InterventionstoChangeHealthBehavior/tabid/737/Default.asp

Drug and Alcohol Abuse

Godley SH, Dennis ML, Godley MD, Funk RM. Thirty-month relapse trajectory cluster groups among adolescents discharged from outpatient treatment. Addiction. 2004;99 (Supplement 2):129–39. [PubMed]

Gonzales, R., Anglin, M. D., Glik, D. C., & Zavalza, C. (2013). Perceptions about Recovery Needs and Drug-Avoidance Recovery Behaviors among Youth in Substance Abuse Treatment. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 45(4), 297–303.

McCabe, S. E., Morales, M., Cranford, J. A., Delva, J., McPherson, M. D., & Boyd, C. J. (2007). Race/Ethnicity and Gender Differences in Drug Use and Abuse Among College Students. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse, 6(2), 75–95. http://doi.org/10.1300/J233v06n02_06

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Results from the 2010 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Summary of National Findings, NSDUH Series H-4. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2011a. HHS Publication No. (SMA), 11–4658.

E Cigarettes

Alexander, J., Williams, P., Coleman, B., and Johnson, S. (September, 2018) A Qualitative Examination of the ENDS Experience by Device Type: Cigalike and Tank Users’ Attitudes Beliefs, and Behaviors. Tobacco Regulatory Science, 4(5), 71–83.

https://doi-org.gate.lib.buffalo.edu/10.18001/TRS.4.5.7

CDC (August, 2018) About Electronic Cigarettes (E-Cigarettes). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/basic_information /e-cigarettes/about-e-cigarettes.html

Levy, D. T., Cummings, K. M., Villanti, A. C., Niaura, R., Abrams, D. B., Fong, G. T., & Borland, R. (2017). A framework for evaluating the public health impact of e-cigarettes and other vaporized nicotine products. Addiction, 112(1), 8–17. https://doi-org.gate.lib.buffalo.edu/10.1111/add.13394

NIH (June, 2018) Electronic Cigarettes (E-Cigarettes). National Institute on Drug Abuse. Retrieved from https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts /electronic-cigarettes-e-cigarettes

Paek, HJ and Hove, T. (March 2017) Risk Perceptions and Risk Characteristics. Oxford Research Encyclopedias, DOI:10.1093/acrefore/9780190228613.013.283

Pepper, J. K., Farrelly, M. C., & Watson, K. A. (2018). Adolescents’ understanding and use of nicotine in e-cigarettes. Addictive Behaviors, 82, 109–113. https://doi-org.gate.lib.buffalo.edu/10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.02.015

Chapter 7 References:

Affedzie, E. (2017, July 14). The Health Belief Model: A conceptual framework for preventing HIV and AIDS through the ABC model. Retrieved September 30, 2018, from https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/features/The-Health-Belief- Model-A-conceptual-framework-for-preventing-HIV-and-AIDS-through-the-ABC-model-558722

CommunicateHealth. (2013, November 21). Useful Theory: Health Belief Model. Retrieved from https://medium.com/wehearthealthliteracy/useful-theory-health-belief- model-30a819fd9231

De Paoli M.M., Manongi R., Klepp K.I. (2004). Factors influencing acceptability of voluntary counseling and HIV-testing among pregnant women in Northern Tanzania. AIDS Care,16(4),411-2

Dr. Kruger’s 220 Lecture on Health Belief Model

Dr. Pryzbyla’s PUB 101 Lecture on Health Belief Model

Limitations-Health Belief Model. (n.d.). Retrieved September 30, 2018, from (indent)https://hl250healthbeliefmodel.weebly.com/limitations.html

Morowatisharifabad, Mohammad, Masoud Karimi, and Mohsen Jannati. “Utility of the Health Belief Model to Assess Predictors of Rabies Preventive Measures.” Journal of Education and Health Promotion 3, (2014): 62.

Noar, S. M., & Zimmerman, R. S. (2005). Health Behavior Theory and Cumulative Knowledge Regarding Health Behaviors: Are we Moving in the Right Direction? Health Education Research,20(3), 275-290. iiiiiiiiiiiiidoi:10.1093/her/cyg113

University of Pennsylvania. (2018). Health Behavior and Health Education. Retrieved October 1, 2018, from https://www.med.upenn.edu/hbhe4/part2-ch3-main -constructs.shtml

Chapter 8 References:

Cohen, C. (2015, January 26). Increase in number of young British women being

diagnosed with cervical cancer. Retrieved October 7, 2018, from https://www.telegraph.co.uk/women/womens-health/11365120/Cervical-cancer-More-young-British-women-being-diagnosed-than-ever.html

Fernández, M. E., Diamond, P. M., Rakowski, W., Gonzales, A., Tortolero-Luna, G.,

Williams, J., & Morales-Campos, D. Y. (2009). Development and Validation of a Cervical Cancer Screening Self-Efficacy Scale for Low-Income Mexican American Women. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : A Publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 18(3), 866–875. http://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-07-2950

Health Communication | Health Belief Model. (n.d.). Retrieved October 7, 2018, from

https://www.utwente.nl/en/bms/communication-theories/sorted-by-cluster/Health Communication/Health_Belief_Model/

Karimy, M., Azarpira, H., & Araban, M. (2017). Using Health Belief Model Constructs

to Examine Differences in Adherence to Pap Test Recommendations Among Iranian Women. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention,18(5), 1389-1394. doi:10.22034/APJCP.2017.18.5.1389

LaMorte, W. W. (2018). Behavioral Change Models. The Health Belief Model.

Retrieved October 7, 2018, from http://sphweb.bumc.bu.edu/otlt/MPH-Modules/SB/BehavioralChangeTheories/BehavioralChangeTheories2.html

Witte, K. (1992).Putting the Fear Back into Fear Appeals: The Extended Parallel

Process model. Communication Monographs, 59(4), 329. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com.gate.lib.buffalo.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ufh&AN=9301100383&site=ehost-live&scope=site

Tiraki, Z., & Yılmaz, M. (2017). Cervical Cancer Knowledge, Self-Efficacy,

and Health Literacy Levels of Married Women. Retrieved October 07, 2018, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28668992

Chapter 9 References:

Martin. (2017, October 28) Cleverism Retreived October 6, 2018 https://www.cleverism.com/theory-of-planned-behavior/Mar

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2005) Theory at a Glance A Guide For Health Promotion Practice (2nd ed.) National Institute of Health.https://cancercontrol.cancer.gov/brp/research/theories_project/theory.pdf

Ajzen, I. (1985) From Intentions to Actions: A Theory of Planned Behavior http://www.duluth.umn.edu/~kgilbert/educ5165-731/Readings/Theory%20of%20Planned%20Behavior-%20Azjen.pdf

Health Behavior and Health Education. (n.d.). Retrieved October 8, 2018, from https://www.med.upenn.edu/hbhe4/part2-ch4-measuring-constructs-introduction.shtml

Benoit, Ph.D., W. L. (n.d.). Theory of Reasoned Action. Retrieved from http://www.cios.org/encyclopedia/persuasion/Gtheory_1reasoned.htm

Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975).. Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.

Sheppard, B. H., Hartwick, J., & Warshaw, P. R. (1988). The theory of reasoned action: A meta-analysis of past research with recommendations for modifications and future research. Journal of Consumer Research, 15, 325-343

Hosseini, Z., Gharlipour Gharghani, Z., Mansoori, A., Aghamolaei, T., & Mohammadi Nasrabadi, M. (2015). Application of the theory of reasoned action to promoting breakfast consumption. Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 29, 289.

“Health Behavior and Health Education.” About Prolonged Exposure Therapy | Center for the Treatment and Study of Anxiety | Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, www.med.upenn.edu/hbhe4/part2-ch4-introduction.shtml.

Montano , Daniel E., and Danuta Kasprzyk. “Theory of Reasoned Action, Theory of Planned Behavior, and The Integrated Behavioral Model.” Health Behavior: Theory, Research, and Practice, by Karen Glanz et al., Jossey-Bass, 2015, pp. 95–124.

Guo, Q, et al. “Utility of the Theory of Reasoned Action and Theory of Planned Behavior for Predicting Chinese Adolescent Smoking.” Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports., U.S. National Library of Medicine, May 2007, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16934414.

Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (2002). Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Chapter 10 References:

Block, S. J. (n.d.). Health Behavior and Health Education. Retrieved from https://www.med.upenn.edu/hbhe4/part2-ch4-theory-of-reasoned-action.shtml

Hennessy, M., Bleakley, A., & Fishbein, M. (2012, March). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3520136/

Health Communication | Theory of Planned Behavior/ Reasoned Action. (n.d.). Retrieved from

https://www.utwente.nl/en/bms/communication-theories/sorted-by-cluster/Health Communication/theory_planned_behavior/

Albarracín, D., Johnson, B. T., Fishbein, M., & Muellerleile, P. A. (2001, January). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4780418/

Bandura, A. (2001). SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY: An Agentic Perspective. Annual

Review of Psychology, 1. Retrieved from http://link.galegroup.com.gate.lib.buffalo.edu/apps/doc/A73232700/HRCA?u=sunybuff_main&sid=HRCA&xid=30a1b022

Oneill, J., Daniel, T. O., & Epstein, L. H. (2016). Episodic future thinking reduces eating in a

food court. Eating Behaviors,20, 9-13. doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2015.10.002

Health Behavior and Health Education. (n.d.). Retrieved October 7, 2018, from

https://www.med.upenn.edu/hbhe4/part2-ch4-theory-of-planned-behavior.shtml

Theory of Reasoned Action/Theory of Planned Behavior. (n.d.). Retrieved October 7, 2018, from

https://mdquit.org/health-behavior-models/theory-reasoned-actiontheory-planned-behavior

Hagger, M. S., & Chatzisarantis, N. L. (2014). An Integrated Behavior Change Model for

Physical Activity. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews,42(2), 62-69. doi:10.1249/jes.0000000000000008

Fishbein, M. “A Reasoned Action Approach: Some Issues, Questions, and Clarifications.” In I.

Ajzen, D. Albarracin, and R. Hornik (eds.), Prediction and Change of Health Behavior: Applying the Reasoned Action Approach. Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum, 2007.

Glanz, K., Rimer, B. K., and Lewis, F. M. “Theory, Research, and Practice in Health Behavior and

Health Education.” In K. Glanz, B. K. Rimer, and F. M. Lewis (eds.), Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research, and Practice. (4th ed.) San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2008.

Health Behavior and Health Education. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.med.upenn.edu/hbhe4/part2-ch4-integrated-behavior-model.shtml

A. (2013, November 20). The Integrated Behavioral Model. Retrieved from https://ph725theorywiki.wordpress.com/2013/10/31/test-post/

An Integrated Behavior Change Model for Physical Activity : Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews. (2014, April). Retrieved from https://journals.lww.com/acsm-essr/fulltext/2014/04000/An_Integrated_Behavior_Change_Model_for_Physical.4.aspx

Chapter 11 References:

Chapter 16 Stages of change picture: http://sphweb.bumc.bu.edu/otlt/MPH-Modules/SB/BehavioralChangeTheories/BehavioralChangeTheories_print.html

Social and Behevioral Theory: https://obssr.od.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Social-and-Behavioral-Theories.pdf

Health Theory: http://eds.a.ebscohost.com.gate.lib.buffalo.edu/ehost/detail/detail?nobk=y&vid=7&sid=2e693af3-d020-4ae1-9538-e21fb4442478@sessionmgr4006&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#db=nlebk&AN=1021677

Behevioral Change Models: http://sphweb.bumc.bu.edu/otlt/MPH-Modules/SB/BehavioralChangeTheories/BehavioralChangeTheories_print.html

Four Principles of Change Theory:

https://www.odi.org/comment/9882-four-principles-theories-change-global-development

Theory of Change:

https://www.theoryofchange.org/what-is-theory-of-change/faqs/

Precaution Adoption Process Model:

Weinstein, N. D., & Sandman, P. M. (2002). The precaution adoption process model and its application. Emerging theories in health promotion practice and research. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, 16-39.

F. Stanger-Hall, K., & W. Hall, D.. (2013, February 20). The Precaution-Adoption-Process Model. (Version 1). PLOS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0024658.g005

John Elliot, B. S., Mercedes Jacobson. (2007). Use of the Precaution Process Model to ecamine prdeictors of osteoprotective behavior in epilepsy. Seizure, 16(5), 424-437.

part2-ch6-overview.shtml

Description of the changes and factors that describe behavior:

DiClemente, R. J., Crosby, R. A., & Kegler, M. C. (2009). Emerging theories in health promotion practice and research. Retrieved October 12, 2018.

Fazio, R. H., & Zanna, M. P. (1981). Direct Experience And Attitude-Behavior Consistency. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology Advances in Experimental Social Psychology Volume 14, 161-202. doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60372-x

Klayman, J. (1995). Varieties of Confirmation Bias. Psychology of Learning and Motivation, 385-418. doi:10.1016/s0079-7421(08)60315-1

Usefulness of Health Theories:

Munro, S., Lewin, S., Swart, T., & Volmink, J. (2007). A review of health behaviour theories: how useful are these for developing interventions to promote long-term medication adherence for TB and HIV/AIDS? BMC Public Health, 7, 104. http://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-7-104

Barriers to Change:

Grol, R., & Wensing, M. (2004). What drives change? Barriers to and incentives for achieving evidence-based practice. Medical Journal of Australia, 180(6 Suppl), S57.

Chapter 12 Resources:

http://www.pbs.org/newshour/extra/app/uploads/2014/09/Ebola-outbreak-the-Epidemiologic-Triangle-informational-text-nobio.pdf

https://cursos.campusvirtualsp.org/mod/tab/view.php?id=23154

https://onlinecourses.science.psu.edu/stat507/node/25/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4340993/

https://www.cdc.gov/ophss/csels/dsepd/ss1978/lesson1/section8.html

http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/science/health-sciences/epidemiology-introduction/content-section-3.1

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC154802/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3124961/

https://www.cdc.gov/ophss/csels/dsepd/ss1978/lesson1/section8.html

http://www.virology.ws/2010/01/22/kochs-postulates-in-the-21st-century/

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hiv-aids/symptoms-causes/syc-20373524

https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/transmission.html

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/health-and-human-body/human-diseases/the-plague/?user.testname=none

http://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/plague

https://www.cdc.gov/plague/transmission/index.html

https://www.apha.org/topics-and-issues/communicable-disease

https://www.shutterstock.com/image-vector/disease-transmission-infectious-communicable-medical-infographic-378987394

https://www.historytoday.com/ole-j-benedictow/black-death-greatest-catastrophe-ever

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1200711/

https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/aids/virus/origins.html

https://cursos.campusvirtualsp.org/mod/tab/view.php?id=23154

https://onlinecourses.science.psu.edu/stat507/node/25/

https://www.cdc.gov/zika/about/overview.html

https://www.cdc.gov/ophss/csels/dsepd/ss1978/lesson1/section8.html

https://www.cdc.gov/flu/avianflu/influenza-a-virus-subtypes.htm

https://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/keyfacts.htm

Chapter 13 Resources:

https://www.cdc.gov/mobile/applications/sto/web-app.html (The actual game)

https://www.cdc.gov/bam/teachers/epi.html

https://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/outbreaks/investigating-outbreaks/index.html

https://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/outbreaks/investigating-outbreaks/epi-curves.html

http://www.pandemsim.com/EpiProcess.html

https://onlinenursing.duq.edu/blog/public-health-epidemiological-process/

https://www.cdc.gov/mobile/applications/sto/web-app.html

http://www.pandemsim.com/EpiProcess.html

http://www.searo.who.int/topics/disease_outbreaks/en/

http://www.who.int/environmental_health_emergencies/disease_outbreaks/en/

https://www.webmd.com/cold-and-flu/what-are-epidemics-pandemics-outbreaks#1 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emerging_infectious_disease

https://epi.publichealth.nc.gov/cd/lhds/manuals/cd/training/Module_1_1.6_ppt_OutbreakInvestigation.pdf

http://www.who.int/csr/disease/anticipating_epidemics/events/informal-consultation/en/

http://www.who.int/csr/disease/OP_EDPLN_FINAL.pdf?ua=1&ua=1

http://www.who.int/csr/bioriskreduction/infection_control/background/en/

http://www.who.int/influenza/gisrs_laboratory/en/

https://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/what-we-do/medical-issues/ebola

https://doctorswithoutborders.org/what-we-do/news-stories/news/msf-responds-meningitis-c-outbreaks-nigeria-and-niger

https://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/what-we-do/medical-issues/cholera

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Chapter 14 Resources:

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Sexual Identity

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SES

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How Health Disparities are Discovered

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