{"id":508,"date":"2019-11-21T18:30:31","date_gmt":"2019-11-21T18:30:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-canton-echd250\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=508"},"modified":"2020-06-14T01:50:48","modified_gmt":"2020-06-14T01:50:48","slug":"special-health-needs","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-canton-echd250\/chapter\/special-health-needs\/","title":{"raw":"Special Health Needs","rendered":"Special Health Needs"},"content":{"raw":"A child with special health needs is a child who has or is at increased risk for chronic physical, developmental, behavioral or emotional conditions and requires health and related services of a type or amount beyond\u00a0the one required by most children.\r\n\r\nWhen children with special needs are in group care, the information should be shared by parents\/legal guardians and the child\u2019s primary health care provider (PCP) with those who care for him\/her.\u00a0\u00a0This called a Special Care Plan. It's created by using a form to communicate information to childcare practitioners who are non-medical professionals. Childcare professionals must understand the information and obtain any training necessary.\u00a0 Children with special needs will require the completion of the parts of the Special Care Plan that\u00a0document their daily or emergency needs.\u00a0Additional information may be required for some children.\r\n\r\nAs a general statement. childcare programs serve at least 10% of children who have a special need. Many child care providers enroll children who have a\u00a0developmental delay. Some receive services from a specialist. Ideally, the specialist shares\u00a0techniques the adults in the child\u2019s life can use to improve the child\u2019s delay every day. The same\u00a0should be true for a child with asthma, a seizure disorder or a peanut allergy.\r\n\r\nChildcare staff members should have a special care plan for any child who has a chronic\u00a0medical or developmental condition and must have knowledge of how a Special Care Plan works. Special Care plans should specify daily care, and care for any\u00a0situations when the child might require special care, including an emergency.\r\n\r\nChildcare providers need as much information as possible about the daily and emergency needs of all\u00a0 children. The center must include a Special Care Plan for Children with Special Needs in Child Care as part of the enrollment\/admission packet. This lets parents\/legal guardians know what type of information the program\u00a0needs. The Center administrator must collect from the parent\/guardian the completed forms before the child\u2019s first\u00a0day of school. The care plan guides the procedures for the care of the child, as well as the necessary training and education of the staff members to assist the child.\r\n\r\nEvery program needs general policies and procedures for medication administration. Each child\u00a0who needs medication should have the details specified in the care plan as well. Some children\u00a0need special diets, adjustment of their activities or the environment. Some require an individual\u00a0plan for medical and facility emergencies.\r\n\r\nEvery adult involved in the child\u2019s care must know and be able to implement the plan. For some children, the\u00a0child\u2019s health care provider should complete the care plan. The parent\/legal guardian must help\u00a0the health care provider understand what the child\u2019s program must know, in non-medical terms.\u00a0For some children, the parent\/legal guardian can complete most of the form. Then the health care\u00a0provider should review and add any needed information. For a child with a complex condition, parents should schedule an office visit with the health care provider to discuss and complete the\u00a0form. Some children will have more than one health care provider or specialist who will\u00a0contribute additional medical or educational information (i.e. IFSP, IEP).\r\n<h4 id=\"anonymous_element_30\">Information on the Special Care Plan<\/h4>\r\nThe\u00a0Special Care Plan may be very simple or complex depending upon the child\u2019s needs. Possible\r\ncontent includes:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Contact information for families, doctors, specialists, and sub-specialists.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Medical conditions or behavioral concerns<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Allergies<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Medications<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Medical procedures<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Special diet<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Special instructions\u00a0for classroom accommodations for play, nap, toileting, outdoor activity or\r\ntransportation<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Special equipment or supplies<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Special training or instruction that the staff may need<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nA care plan should be updated to note\u00a0changes in the child\u2019s medical condition or routinely whenever the child has a routine check-up. Every state should have a\u00a0form\u00a0to collect information for the child care program at each checkup.\r\n\r\nSome elements that a Special Care Plan must include are:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Parent\u2019s\/Guardian\u2019s name: Mark with a (*)\u00a0 by the person who will be contacted first and\r\ndocument the person\u2019s phone number.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Signature for consent: Parent(s)\/guardian should be sure to sign the Special Care Plan. This gives consent\u00a0for health care providers to communicate with the childcare provider about the care plan.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Authorization for release of information form completed: Federal law requires that a\r\nparent\/legal guardian sign a HIPAA consent form for medical professionals to share information\r\nfrom a child\u2019s medical record, although the release of information to school health personnel is\r\nsometimes permitted without specific consent. It is best to give the authorization to the health\r\ncare provider rather than depend on an exception to what most health care providers consider\r\ntheir routine requirements. This form specifies exactly what portions of the medical record\r\nparents\/legal guardians want to be released.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Specialty Provider: Children with chronic medical problems may have one or more specialists.\r\nFor example, a child with severe asthma may have an allergist or pulmonary specialist who is\r\nprimarily responsible for medication adjustments, or determining when a visit to the emergency\r\nroom is necessary. A pediatrician, nurse practitioner or family doctor might make these\r\ndecisions without involving a specialist too.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Emergency Information Form for Children with Special Needs Completed: The\r\nAmerican College of Emergency Physicians and the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends a\u00a0summary of the child\u2019s medical\u00a0history. The child\u2019s health care professional should decide whether a child needs this form and\u00a0then complete it.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Specialty Care Plan should document specific information for the child's health problem,\u00a0(for example, asthma, food allergies, seizures). Note whether the parent\/legal guardian and\u00a0health care professional prefer that the child care staff members use these care plans.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Needed Accommodations: Children with some conditions might need special arrangements\r\nthat other children in the program do not require.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>For example, Anthony, age 3 has milk, nut and\u00a0hay allergies and asthma. Accommodations Anthony needs include: have his food brought from\u00a0home and only served to him for all his meals, and special snacks for celebrations set aside for\u00a0him. With parent consent, the program should post a written list of his allergies everywhere in\u00a0the facility Anthony might go, perhaps with Anthony\u2019s photo attached so volunteers and visitors can be aware of which child the warning applies. Everyone must be vigilant about handwashing on arrival at the program each morning not only for infection control but also to avoid\u00a0exposing Anthony inadvertently to milk or nuts from someone else\u2019s breakfast. A nut-free\u00a0classroom would be best. His teacher should have immediate access to an EpiPen\u00ae kept close\r\nat hand and accessible to the teacher at all times wherever Anthony is. An easy way to make\u00a0sure the emergency medicine is immediately available is to have whoever is supervising\u00a0Anthony at any time is required to wear a fanny pack with an Epi-pen\u00ae while responsible for\u00a0him. Everyone who is with Anthony during the day needs to recognize the symptoms of a\u00a0severe allergic reaction, and how to use an Epi-pen\u00ae if necessary. In addition, the program\u00a0might plan a field trip to somewhere other than to a farm while Anthony is in the class.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Recommended Treatment: Daily or emergency treatments may be necessary. In our example,\u00a0Anthony may need to use a nebulizer or an inhaler with a spacer to receive asthma\u00a0medications. Every teacher\/caregiver who is responsible for Anthony needs to know how to\u00a0properly assist Anthony with these treatments.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Medications Given at Child Care: Local licensing offices as well as health department and higher child care performance standards require proper documentation of administration of medication for children in child care \/ school settings. Some of these forms include:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>An Authorization to Give Medication, to be completed by the parent\/legal guardian<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A Medication Log, to be completed by the childcare provider giving the medication.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Medications Given at Home: Some children receive medication only at home for chronic\r\nconditions. In the event of an emergency, childcare providers must be able to tell health care\r\nproviders about all the medications a child receives also at home.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nDocumentation of children's needs is a must-have in childcare and school facilities, therefore a Special Care Plan is key to have to cover all the necessary information.\r\n<h4 id=\"anonymous_element_31\">Resources<\/h4>\r\nAmerican Academy of Pediatrics.\u00a0Fact Sheet ECELS Care Plan for a Child with Special Needs in Child Care Retrieved from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/canton.open.suny.edu\/webapps\/blackboard\/content\/listContentEditable.jsp?content_id=_2137727_1&amp;course_id=_27437_1&amp;mode=reset\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">file:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/user\/Downloads\/11-16-12_Care_Plan_FACT_SHEET__Form.pdf<\/a>\u00a0and accessed on 10\/27\/2018.\r\n\r\nEarly Childhood Education Linkage System. Care Plan for Children with Special Needs. Retrieved from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ecels-healthychildcarepa.org\/resources.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.ecels-healthychildcarepa.org\/resources.html<\/a>\u00a0on 10\/27\/2018.","rendered":"<p>A child with special health needs is a child who has or is at increased risk for chronic physical, developmental, behavioral or emotional conditions and requires health and related services of a type or amount beyond\u00a0the one required by most children.<\/p>\n<p>When children with special needs are in group care, the information should be shared by parents\/legal guardians and the child\u2019s primary health care provider (PCP) with those who care for him\/her.\u00a0\u00a0This called a Special Care Plan. It&#8217;s created by using a form to communicate information to childcare practitioners who are non-medical professionals. Childcare professionals must understand the information and obtain any training necessary.\u00a0 Children with special needs will require the completion of the parts of the Special Care Plan that\u00a0document their daily or emergency needs.\u00a0Additional information may be required for some children.<\/p>\n<p>As a general statement. childcare programs serve at least 10% of children who have a special need. Many child care providers enroll children who have a\u00a0developmental delay. Some receive services from a specialist. Ideally, the specialist shares\u00a0techniques the adults in the child\u2019s life can use to improve the child\u2019s delay every day. The same\u00a0should be true for a child with asthma, a seizure disorder or a peanut allergy.<\/p>\n<p>Childcare staff members should have a special care plan for any child who has a chronic\u00a0medical or developmental condition and must have knowledge of how a Special Care Plan works. Special Care plans should specify daily care, and care for any\u00a0situations when the child might require special care, including an emergency.<\/p>\n<p>Childcare providers need as much information as possible about the daily and emergency needs of all\u00a0 children. The center must include a Special Care Plan for Children with Special Needs in Child Care as part of the enrollment\/admission packet. This lets parents\/legal guardians know what type of information the program\u00a0needs. The Center administrator must collect from the parent\/guardian the completed forms before the child\u2019s first\u00a0day of school. The care plan guides the procedures for the care of the child, as well as the necessary training and education of the staff members to assist the child.<\/p>\n<p>Every program needs general policies and procedures for medication administration. Each child\u00a0who needs medication should have the details specified in the care plan as well. Some children\u00a0need special diets, adjustment of their activities or the environment. Some require an individual\u00a0plan for medical and facility emergencies.<\/p>\n<p>Every adult involved in the child\u2019s care must know and be able to implement the plan. For some children, the\u00a0child\u2019s health care provider should complete the care plan. The parent\/legal guardian must help\u00a0the health care provider understand what the child\u2019s program must know, in non-medical terms.\u00a0For some children, the parent\/legal guardian can complete most of the form. Then the health care\u00a0provider should review and add any needed information. For a child with a complex condition, parents should schedule an office visit with the health care provider to discuss and complete the\u00a0form. Some children will have more than one health care provider or specialist who will\u00a0contribute additional medical or educational information (i.e. IFSP, IEP).<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"anonymous_element_30\">Information on the Special Care Plan<\/h4>\n<p>The\u00a0Special Care Plan may be very simple or complex depending upon the child\u2019s needs. Possible<br \/>\ncontent includes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Contact information for families, doctors, specialists, and sub-specialists.<\/li>\n<li>Medical conditions or behavioral concerns<\/li>\n<li>Allergies<\/li>\n<li>Medications<\/li>\n<li>Medical procedures<\/li>\n<li>Special diet<\/li>\n<li>Special instructions\u00a0for classroom accommodations for play, nap, toileting, outdoor activity or<br \/>\ntransportation<\/li>\n<li>Special equipment or supplies<\/li>\n<li>Special training or instruction that the staff may need<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A care plan should be updated to note\u00a0changes in the child\u2019s medical condition or routinely whenever the child has a routine check-up. Every state should have a\u00a0form\u00a0to collect information for the child care program at each checkup.<\/p>\n<p>Some elements that a Special Care Plan must include are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Parent\u2019s\/Guardian\u2019s name: Mark with a (*)\u00a0 by the person who will be contacted first and<br \/>\ndocument the person\u2019s phone number.<\/li>\n<li>Signature for consent: Parent(s)\/guardian should be sure to sign the Special Care Plan. This gives consent\u00a0for health care providers to communicate with the childcare provider about the care plan.<\/li>\n<li>Authorization for release of information form completed: Federal law requires that a<br \/>\nparent\/legal guardian sign a HIPAA consent form for medical professionals to share information<br \/>\nfrom a child\u2019s medical record, although the release of information to school health personnel is<br \/>\nsometimes permitted without specific consent. It is best to give the authorization to the health<br \/>\ncare provider rather than depend on an exception to what most health care providers consider<br \/>\ntheir routine requirements. This form specifies exactly what portions of the medical record<br \/>\nparents\/legal guardians want to be released.<\/li>\n<li>Specialty Provider: Children with chronic medical problems may have one or more specialists.<br \/>\nFor example, a child with severe asthma may have an allergist or pulmonary specialist who is<br \/>\nprimarily responsible for medication adjustments, or determining when a visit to the emergency<br \/>\nroom is necessary. A pediatrician, nurse practitioner or family doctor might make these<br \/>\ndecisions without involving a specialist too.<\/li>\n<li>Emergency Information Form for Children with Special Needs Completed: The<br \/>\nAmerican College of Emergency Physicians and the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends a\u00a0summary of the child\u2019s medical\u00a0history. The child\u2019s health care professional should decide whether a child needs this form and\u00a0then complete it.<\/li>\n<li>Specialty Care Plan should document specific information for the child&#8217;s health problem,\u00a0(for example, asthma, food allergies, seizures). Note whether the parent\/legal guardian and\u00a0health care professional prefer that the child care staff members use these care plans.<\/li>\n<li>Needed Accommodations: Children with some conditions might need special arrangements<br \/>\nthat other children in the program do not require.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>For example, Anthony, age 3 has milk, nut and\u00a0hay allergies and asthma. Accommodations Anthony needs include: have his food brought from\u00a0home and only served to him for all his meals, and special snacks for celebrations set aside for\u00a0him. With parent consent, the program should post a written list of his allergies everywhere in\u00a0the facility Anthony might go, perhaps with Anthony\u2019s photo attached so volunteers and visitors can be aware of which child the warning applies. Everyone must be vigilant about handwashing on arrival at the program each morning not only for infection control but also to avoid\u00a0exposing Anthony inadvertently to milk or nuts from someone else\u2019s breakfast. A nut-free\u00a0classroom would be best. His teacher should have immediate access to an EpiPen\u00ae kept close<br \/>\nat hand and accessible to the teacher at all times wherever Anthony is. An easy way to make\u00a0sure the emergency medicine is immediately available is to have whoever is supervising\u00a0Anthony at any time is required to wear a fanny pack with an Epi-pen\u00ae while responsible for\u00a0him. Everyone who is with Anthony during the day needs to recognize the symptoms of a\u00a0severe allergic reaction, and how to use an Epi-pen\u00ae if necessary. In addition, the program\u00a0might plan a field trip to somewhere other than to a farm while Anthony is in the class.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Recommended Treatment: Daily or emergency treatments may be necessary. In our example,\u00a0Anthony may need to use a nebulizer or an inhaler with a spacer to receive asthma\u00a0medications. Every teacher\/caregiver who is responsible for Anthony needs to know how to\u00a0properly assist Anthony with these treatments.<\/li>\n<li>Medications Given at Child Care: Local licensing offices as well as health department and higher child care performance standards require proper documentation of administration of medication for children in child care \/ school settings. Some of these forms include:\n<ul>\n<li>An Authorization to Give Medication, to be completed by the parent\/legal guardian<\/li>\n<li>A Medication Log, to be completed by the childcare provider giving the medication.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Medications Given at Home: Some children receive medication only at home for chronic<br \/>\nconditions. In the event of an emergency, childcare providers must be able to tell health care<br \/>\nproviders about all the medications a child receives also at home.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Documentation of children&#8217;s needs is a must-have in childcare and school facilities, therefore a Special Care Plan is key to have to cover all the necessary information.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"anonymous_element_31\">Resources<\/h4>\n<p>American Academy of Pediatrics.\u00a0Fact Sheet ECELS Care Plan for a Child with Special Needs in Child Care Retrieved from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/canton.open.suny.edu\/webapps\/blackboard\/content\/listContentEditable.jsp?content_id=_2137727_1&amp;course_id=_27437_1&amp;mode=reset\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">file:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/user\/Downloads\/11-16-12_Care_Plan_FACT_SHEET__Form.pdf<\/a>\u00a0and accessed on 10\/27\/2018.<\/p>\n<p>Early Childhood Education Linkage System. Care Plan for Children with Special Needs. Retrieved from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ecels-healthychildcarepa.org\/resources.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.ecels-healthychildcarepa.org\/resources.html<\/a>\u00a0on 10\/27\/2018.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":142000,"menu_order":7,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-508","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":1266,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-canton-echd250\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/508","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-canton-echd250\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-canton-echd250\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-canton-echd250\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/142000"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-canton-echd250\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/508\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":509,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-canton-echd250\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/508\/revisions\/509"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-canton-echd250\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/1266"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-canton-echd250\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/508\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-canton-echd250\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=508"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-canton-echd250\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=508"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-canton-echd250\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=508"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-canton-echd250\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=508"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}