{"id":423,"date":"2015-02-14T01:44:33","date_gmt":"2015-02-14T01:44:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.candelalearning.com\/publicspeaking1xmaster\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=423"},"modified":"2015-07-16T21:04:12","modified_gmt":"2015-07-16T21:04:12","slug":"chapter-2-conclusion","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-ccc-spch-1080-1\/chapter\/chapter-2-conclusion\/","title":{"raw":"Origins of Public Speaking: Conclusion","rendered":"Origins of Public Speaking: Conclusion"},"content":{"raw":"[caption id=\"attachment_1413\" align=\"alignright\" width=\"300\"]<a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/894\/2015\/03\/23221051\/Anonymous_-_Diogenes_brings_a_plucked_chicken_to_Plato.jpg\"><img class=\"wp-image-1413 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/894\/2015\/03\/23221051\/Anonymous_-_Diogenes_brings_a_plucked_chicken_to_Plato-300x282.jpg\" alt=\"Diogenes bringing a plucked chicken\" width=\"300\" height=\"282\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Anonymous_-_Diogenes_brings_a_plucked_chicken_to_Plato.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">\"Diogenes brings a plucked chicken to Plato\"<\/a> by unknown. Public domain.[\/caption]\r\n\r\nWe have explored a brief history of rhetoric, the basis for persuasion, from the time of Aristotle to the beginning of the twentieth century. This exploration is by no means complete, but it is intended to provide you with a particular understanding about rhetoric. From Aristotle to Saint Augustine, we see that rhetoric served a threefold purpose: first, it was a tool designed to develop and cultivate one\u2019s mental faculties in order to be a \u201cgood citizen\u201d who could serve the state well. And serving the state well meant having the ability to think well and to discover and develop sound arguments. Second, it gave a person the oratorical skills necessary to convince a decision-maker or decision-making body, that they should adhere to a particular argument. And third, all of this could only be attained if one had moral fiber\u2014ethos\u2014in both thought and character. These conditions were seminal for the classists in their pursuit of advancing the art of rhetoric. Eventually, new thoughts and trends distorted, altered, and at times, removed these conditions. The Greeks and Romans held one\u2019s character to the highest degree, and no man could be rhetorically successful if they did not possess this quality.\r\n\r\nRhetoric brought us through the Middle Ages and St. Augustine as a unifying figure. The Renaissance gave us a rebirth of the Greek and Roman classical art of public speaking, a new breath for public discourse and education, and the emergence of <em>humanist<\/em> and <em>rational<\/em> thinkers. And we have learned that the art of public speaking was, for a short time in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, used as a means for entertainment.\r\n\r\nToday, persuasion has taken many forms, with rhetoric being just one of these forms. We know that people will say and do most anything to get their way, whether that be in politics, sales, religion, or advertising, and whether what they attempt to do is ethical or not. As you continue to read this on-line text, remember one fundamental premise: that public speaking, ultimately, is all about affecting human behavior; about getting people to do something they normally would not want to do. The key to public speaking is effectively answering the question, \u201cHow do I create a message that will connect with my audience?\u201d\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>The design of Rhetoric is to remove those Prejudices that lie in the way of Truth, to Reduce the Passions to the Government of Reasons; to place our Subject in a Right Light, and excite our Hearers to a due consideration of it. ~ Mary Astell<\/em><\/p>","rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_1413\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/894\/2015\/03\/23221051\/Anonymous_-_Diogenes_brings_a_plucked_chicken_to_Plato.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1413\" class=\"wp-image-1413 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/894\/2015\/03\/23221051\/Anonymous_-_Diogenes_brings_a_plucked_chicken_to_Plato-300x282.jpg\" alt=\"Diogenes bringing a plucked chicken\" width=\"300\" height=\"282\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-1413\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Anonymous_-_Diogenes_brings_a_plucked_chicken_to_Plato.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">&#8220;Diogenes brings a plucked chicken to Plato&#8221;<\/a> by unknown. Public domain.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>We have explored a brief history of rhetoric, the basis for persuasion, from the time of Aristotle to the beginning of the twentieth century. This exploration is by no means complete, but it is intended to provide you with a particular understanding about rhetoric. From Aristotle to Saint Augustine, we see that rhetoric served a threefold purpose: first, it was a tool designed to develop and cultivate one\u2019s mental faculties in order to be a \u201cgood citizen\u201d who could serve the state well. And serving the state well meant having the ability to think well and to discover and develop sound arguments. Second, it gave a person the oratorical skills necessary to convince a decision-maker or decision-making body, that they should adhere to a particular argument. And third, all of this could only be attained if one had moral fiber\u2014ethos\u2014in both thought and character. These conditions were seminal for the classists in their pursuit of advancing the art of rhetoric. Eventually, new thoughts and trends distorted, altered, and at times, removed these conditions. The Greeks and Romans held one\u2019s character to the highest degree, and no man could be rhetorically successful if they did not possess this quality.<\/p>\n<p>Rhetoric brought us through the Middle Ages and St. Augustine as a unifying figure. The Renaissance gave us a rebirth of the Greek and Roman classical art of public speaking, a new breath for public discourse and education, and the emergence of <em>humanist<\/em> and <em>rational<\/em> thinkers. And we have learned that the art of public speaking was, for a short time in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, used as a means for entertainment.<\/p>\n<p>Today, persuasion has taken many forms, with rhetoric being just one of these forms. We know that people will say and do most anything to get their way, whether that be in politics, sales, religion, or advertising, and whether what they attempt to do is ethical or not. As you continue to read this on-line text, remember one fundamental premise: that public speaking, ultimately, is all about affecting human behavior; about getting people to do something they normally would not want to do. The key to public speaking is effectively answering the question, \u201cHow do I create a message that will connect with my audience?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>The design of Rhetoric is to remove those Prejudices that lie in the way of Truth, to Reduce the Passions to the Government of Reasons; to place our Subject in a Right Light, and excite our Hearers to a due consideration of it. ~ Mary Astell<\/em><\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-423\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Chapter 2 Conclusion. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Peter A. DeCaro, Ph.D.. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/publicspeakingproject.org\/psvirtualtext.html\">http:\/\/publicspeakingproject.org\/psvirtualtext.html<\/a>. <strong>Project<\/strong>: The Public Speaking Project. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-ND: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives <\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">Public domain content<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Diogenes brings a plucked chicken to Plato. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: www.hampel-auctions.com and www.artvalue.com. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Anonymous_-_Diogenes_brings_a_plucked_chicken_to_Plato.jpg\">http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Anonymous_-_Diogenes_brings_a_plucked_chicken_to_Plato.jpg<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/about\/pdm\">Public Domain: No Known Copyright<\/a><\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: This image (or other media file) is in the public domain because its copyright has expired.<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":277,"menu_order":8,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Chapter 2 Conclusion\",\"author\":\"Peter A. 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