Valence Electrons

Looking at valence electrons to figure out reactivity

Chemistry 2.9 Ions and the Octet Rule

This lesson discusses why atoms form ions in terms of the octet rule, and how to apply the octet rule in predicting ion formation. It also explains how to determine charge and the difference between cations and anions.

Bonding Models and Lewis Structures: Crash Course Chemistry #24

Models are great, except they’re also usually inaccurate. In this episode of Crash Course Chemistry, Hank discusses why we need models in the world and how we can learn from them . . . even when they’re almost completely wrong. Plus, Lewis Structures!

dot structures I: single bonds

dot structures II: multiple bonds

How to Draw Lewis Structures: Five Easy Steps

A video tutorial for how to draw Lewis Structures in five steps. The video covers the basic Lewis structures you’ll see in an introductory chemistry class.

Resonance

Resonance in benzene and the carbonate ion