{"id":24,"date":"2016-03-14T20:19:06","date_gmt":"2016-03-14T20:19:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/contemporaryhealthissuesxpierce\/?post_type=part&#038;p=24"},"modified":"2018-02-10T16:58:15","modified_gmt":"2018-02-10T16:58:15","slug":"substance-abuse-and-addictions","status":"web-only","type":"part","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-contemporaryhealthissues\/part\/substance-abuse-and-addictions\/","title":{"raw":"Alcohol, Drugs, Tobacco","rendered":"Alcohol, Drugs, Tobacco"},"content":{"raw":"While we all experience altered states of consciousness in the form of sleep on a regular basis, some people use drugs and other substances that result in altered states of consciousness as well. This section will present brief descriptions of the effects of some of the more well-known drugs commonly used today.\r\n<h3>DRUG CATEGORIES<\/h3>\r\n<figure id=\"Figure_04_05_DrugChart\" class=\"ui-has-child-figcaption\"><span id=\"fs-idp42336032\"><img src=\"http:\/\/cnx.org\/resources\/f7e42e406b1efef59dbbd5591a476bae\/CNX_Psych_04_05_Drugchart.jpg\" alt=\"Four main drug categories are identified by differently colored circles showing overlaps: the four main drug categories are \u201cantipsychotics,\u201d \u201cstimulants,\u201d \u201cdepressants,\u201d and \u201challucinogens.\u201d The circle titled \u201cAntipsychotics\u201d includes the drug names \u201cHaldol,\u201d \u201cRisperdal,\u201d and \u201cSeroquel.\u201d The circle titled \u201cStimulants\u201d contains a subcircle titled \u201cPsychmotor stimulants\u201d with the drug names \u201cAmphetamines,\u201d \u201cKhat,\u201d \u201cRitalin,\u201d and \u201cCocaine.\u201d The \u201cStimulants\u201d circle contains another subcircle titled \u201cMethylxanthines\u201d with the drug names \u201cCaffeine,\u201d \u201cTheophylline,\u201d and \u201cTheobromine.\u201d The circle titled \u201cDepressants\u201d contains a subcircle titled \u201cSedative Hypnotics\u201d with the drug names \u201cAlcohol,\u201d \u201cBarbituates,\u201d \u201cEther,\u201d and \u201cGHB\u201d; within that circle is a subcircle titled \u201cMinor tranquilizers\u201d with the drug names \u201cAtivan,\u201d \u201cValium,\u201d and \u201cXanax.\u201d \u201cNicotine\u201d falls in the overlap between the \u201cStimulants\u201d and \u201cDepressants\u201d circles. The circle titled \u201cDepressants\u201d also contains a subcircle titled \u201cNarcotic Analgesics\u201d with the drug names \u201cOpium,\u201d \u201cCodeine,\u201d \u201cMorphine,\u201d \u201cHeroin,\u201d and \u201cDXM.\u201d \u201cDXM\u201d falls in the overlap between the \u201cDepressants\u201d circle and the \u201cDissociatives\u201d subcircle of the \u201cHallucinogens\u201d circle. The circle titled \u201cHallucinogens\u201d contains a subcircle labeled \u201cDissociatives\u201d including the drug names \u201dKetamine,\u201d \u201cPCP,\u201d \u201cNitrous,\u201d \u201cAmanitas,\u201d and \u201cSalvinorum.\u201d Within that subcircle, \u201cKetamine,\u201d \u201cPCP,\u201d and \u201cNitrous\u201d overlap with with the \u201cdepressants\u201d circle The circle titled \u201cHallucinogens\u201d also contains a subcircle titled \u201cPsychadelics\u201d including the drug names \u201cMDMA,\u201d \u201cMescaline,\u201d \u201cLSD,\u201d \u201cPsilocybin,\u201d \u201cAMT,\u201d \u201cDMT,\u201d and \u201cIbogaine.\u201d Within that subcircle, \u201cMDMA,\u201d \u201cMescaline,\u201d \u201cLSD,\u201d \u201cPsilocybin,\u201d and \u201cAMT\u201d fall within the overlap between the \u201cHallucinogens\u201d and \u201cStimulants\u201d circles. \u201cIbogaine\u201d falls within the overlap between the \u201cPsychadelics\u201d and \u201cDissociatives\u201d subcircles. Outside of all subcircles, \u201cMarijuana\u201d falls within the overlap between the \u201cStimulants,\u201d \u201cDepressants,\u201d and \u201cHallucinogens\u201d circles.\" \/> <\/span><\/figure>This figure illustrates various drug categories and overlap among them. (credit: modification of work by Derrick Snider)\r\n\r\nTo learn more about some of the most commonly abused prescription and street drugs, check out the <a href=\"http:\/\/openstaxcollege.org\/l\/drugabuse\" rel=\"nofollow\">Commonly Abused Drugs Chart<\/a> and the <a href=\"http:\/\/openstaxcollege.org\/l\/Rxabuse\" rel=\"nofollow\">Commonly Abused Prescription Drugs Chart<\/a> from the National Institute on Drug Abuse.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","rendered":"<p>While we all experience altered states of consciousness in the form of sleep on a regular basis, some people use drugs and other substances that result in altered states of consciousness as well. This section will present brief descriptions of the effects of some of the more well-known drugs commonly used today.<\/p>\n<h3>DRUG CATEGORIES<\/h3>\n<figure id=\"Figure_04_05_DrugChart\" class=\"ui-has-child-figcaption\"><span id=\"fs-idp42336032\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/cnx.org\/resources\/f7e42e406b1efef59dbbd5591a476bae\/CNX_Psych_04_05_Drugchart.jpg\" alt=\"Four main drug categories are identified by differently colored circles showing overlaps: the four main drug categories are \u201cantipsychotics,\u201d \u201cstimulants,\u201d \u201cdepressants,\u201d and \u201challucinogens.\u201d The circle titled \u201cAntipsychotics\u201d includes the drug names \u201cHaldol,\u201d \u201cRisperdal,\u201d and \u201cSeroquel.\u201d The circle titled \u201cStimulants\u201d contains a subcircle titled \u201cPsychmotor stimulants\u201d with the drug names \u201cAmphetamines,\u201d \u201cKhat,\u201d \u201cRitalin,\u201d and \u201cCocaine.\u201d The \u201cStimulants\u201d circle contains another subcircle titled \u201cMethylxanthines\u201d with the drug names \u201cCaffeine,\u201d \u201cTheophylline,\u201d and \u201cTheobromine.\u201d The circle titled \u201cDepressants\u201d contains a subcircle titled \u201cSedative Hypnotics\u201d with the drug names \u201cAlcohol,\u201d \u201cBarbituates,\u201d \u201cEther,\u201d and \u201cGHB\u201d; within that circle is a subcircle titled \u201cMinor tranquilizers\u201d with the drug names \u201cAtivan,\u201d \u201cValium,\u201d and \u201cXanax.\u201d \u201cNicotine\u201d falls in the overlap between the \u201cStimulants\u201d and \u201cDepressants\u201d circles. The circle titled \u201cDepressants\u201d also contains a subcircle titled \u201cNarcotic Analgesics\u201d with the drug names \u201cOpium,\u201d \u201cCodeine,\u201d \u201cMorphine,\u201d \u201cHeroin,\u201d and \u201cDXM.\u201d \u201cDXM\u201d falls in the overlap between the \u201cDepressants\u201d circle and the \u201cDissociatives\u201d subcircle of the \u201cHallucinogens\u201d circle. The circle titled \u201cHallucinogens\u201d contains a subcircle labeled \u201cDissociatives\u201d including the drug names \u201dKetamine,\u201d \u201cPCP,\u201d \u201cNitrous,\u201d \u201cAmanitas,\u201d and \u201cSalvinorum.\u201d Within that subcircle, \u201cKetamine,\u201d \u201cPCP,\u201d and \u201cNitrous\u201d overlap with with the \u201cdepressants\u201d circle The circle titled \u201cHallucinogens\u201d also contains a subcircle titled \u201cPsychadelics\u201d including the drug names \u201cMDMA,\u201d \u201cMescaline,\u201d \u201cLSD,\u201d \u201cPsilocybin,\u201d \u201cAMT,\u201d \u201cDMT,\u201d and \u201cIbogaine.\u201d Within that subcircle, \u201cMDMA,\u201d \u201cMescaline,\u201d \u201cLSD,\u201d \u201cPsilocybin,\u201d and \u201cAMT\u201d fall within the overlap between the \u201cHallucinogens\u201d and \u201cStimulants\u201d circles. \u201cIbogaine\u201d falls within the overlap between the \u201cPsychadelics\u201d and \u201cDissociatives\u201d subcircles. Outside of all subcircles, \u201cMarijuana\u201d falls within the overlap between the \u201cStimulants,\u201d \u201cDepressants,\u201d and \u201cHallucinogens\u201d circles.\" \/> <\/span><\/figure>\n<p>This figure illustrates various drug categories and overlap among them. (credit: modification of work by Derrick Snider)<\/p>\n<p>To learn more about some of the most commonly abused prescription and street drugs, check out the <a href=\"http:\/\/openstaxcollege.org\/l\/drugabuse\" rel=\"nofollow\">Commonly Abused Drugs Chart<\/a> and the <a href=\"http:\/\/openstaxcollege.org\/l\/Rxabuse\" rel=\"nofollow\">Commonly Abused Prescription Drugs Chart<\/a> from the National Institute on Drug Abuse.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"parent":0,"menu_order":39,"template":"","meta":{"pb_part_invisible":false,"pb_part_invisible_string":""},"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-24","part","type-part","status-web-only","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-contemporaryhealthissues\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/24","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-contemporaryhealthissues\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-contemporaryhealthissues\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/part"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-contemporaryhealthissues\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/24\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-contemporaryhealthissues\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-contemporaryhealthissues\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=24"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-contemporaryhealthissues\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=24"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}