{"id":2208,"date":"2014-10-31T04:25:17","date_gmt":"2014-10-31T04:25:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.candelalearning.com\/apvccs\/?post_type=chapter&p=2208"},"modified":"2019-08-11T23:19:38","modified_gmt":"2019-08-11T23:19:38","slug":"glossary-the-brain-and-cranial-nerves","status":"web-only","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-dutchess-anatomy-physiology\/chapter\/glossary-the-brain-and-cranial-nerves\/","title":{"raw":"Glossary: The Peripheral Nervous System","rendered":"Glossary: The Peripheral Nervous System"},"content":{"raw":"abducens nerve:<\/strong> sixth cranial nerve; responsible for contraction of one of the extraocular muscles\r\n\r\nbrachial plexus:<\/strong> nerve plexus associated with the lower cervical spinal nerves and first thoracic spinal nerve\r\n\r\ncervical plexus:<\/strong> nerve plexus associated with the upper cervical spinal nerves\r\n\r\ncranial nerve:<\/strong> one of twelve nerves connected to the brain that are responsible for sensory or motor functions of the head and neck\r\n\r\nendoneurium:<\/strong> innermost layer of connective tissue that surrounds individual axons within a nerve\r\n\r\nepineurium:<\/strong> outermost layer of connective tissue that surrounds an entire nerve\r\n\r\nesophageal plexus:<\/strong> neuronal plexus in the wall of the esophagus that is part of the enteric nervous system\r\n\r\nextraocular muscles:<\/strong> six skeletal muscles that control eye movement within the orbit\r\n\r\nfacial nerve:<\/strong> seventh cranial nerve; responsible for contraction of the facial muscles and for part of the sense of taste, as well as causing saliva production\r\n\r\nfascicle:<\/strong> small bundles of nerve or muscle fibers enclosed by connective tissue\r\n\r\nfemoral nerve:<\/strong> systemic nerve of the anterior leg that arises from the lumbar plexus\r\n\r\nfibular nerve:<\/strong> systemic nerve of the posterior leg that begins as part of the sciatic nerve\r\n\r\nglossopharyngeal nerve:<\/strong> ninth cranial nerve; responsible for contraction of muscles in the tongue and throat and for part of the sense of taste, as well as causing saliva production\r\n\r\nintercostal nerve:<\/strong> systemic nerve in the thoracic cavity that is found between two ribs\r\n\r\nlumbar plexus:<\/strong> nerve plexus associated with the lumbar spinal nerves\r\n\r\nmedian nerve:<\/strong> systemic nerve of the arm, located between the ulnar and radial nerves\r\n\r\nnerve plexus:<\/strong> network of nerves without neuronal cell bodies included\r\n\r\noculomotor nerve:<\/strong> third cranial nerve; responsible for contraction of four of the extraocular muscles, the muscle in the upper eyelid, and pupillary constriction\r\n\r\nolfaction:<\/strong> special sense responsible for smell, which has a unique, direct connection to the cerebrum\r\n\r\nolfactory nerve:<\/strong> first cranial nerve; responsible for the sense of smell\r\n\r\noptic nerve:<\/strong> second cranial nerve; responsible for visual sensation\r\n\r\nperineurium:<\/strong> layer of connective tissue surrounding fascicles within a nerve\r\n\r\nphrenic nerve:<\/strong> systemic nerve from the cervical plexus that enervates the diaphragm\r\n\r\nplexus:<\/strong> network of nerves or nervous tissue\r\n\r\nradial nerve:<\/strong> systemic nerve of the arm, the distal component of which is located near the radial bone\r\n\r\nsacral plexus:<\/strong> nerve plexus associated with the lower lumbar and sacral spinal nerves\r\n\r\nsaphenous nerve:<\/strong> systemic nerve of the lower anterior leg that is a branch from the femoral nerve\r\n\r\nsciatic nerve:<\/strong> systemic nerve from the sacral plexus that is a combination of the tibial and fibular nerves and extends across the hip joint and gluteal region into the upper posterior leg\r\n\r\nsciatica:<\/strong> painful condition resulting from inflammation or compression of the sciatic nerve or any of the spinal nerves that contribute to it\r\n\r\nspinal accessory nerve:<\/strong> eleventh cranial nerve; responsible for contraction of neck muscles\r\n\r\nspinal nerve:<\/strong> one of 31 nerves connected to the spinal cord\r\n\r\nsystemic nerve:<\/strong> nerve in the periphery distal to a nerve plexus or spinal nerve\r\n\r\ntibial nerve:<\/strong> systemic nerve of the posterior leg that begins as part of the sciatic nerve\r\n\r\ntrigeminal ganglion:<\/strong> sensory ganglion that contributes sensory fibers to the trigeminal nerve\r\n\r\ntrigeminal nerve:<\/strong> fifth cranial nerve; responsible for cutaneous sensation of the face and contraction of the muscles of mastication\r\n\r\ntrochlear nerve:<\/strong> fourth cranial nerve; responsible for contraction of one of the extraocular muscles\r\n\r\nulnar nerve:<\/strong> systemic nerve of the arm located close to the ulna, a bone of the forearm\r\n\r\nvagus nerve:<\/strong> tenth cranial nerve; responsible for the autonomic control of organs in the thoracic and upper abdominal cavities\r\n\r\nvestibulocochlear nerve:<\/strong> eighth cranial nerve; responsible for the sensations of hearing and balance","rendered":"

abducens nerve:<\/strong> sixth cranial nerve; responsible for contraction of one of the extraocular muscles<\/p>\n

brachial plexus:<\/strong> nerve plexus associated with the lower cervical spinal nerves and first thoracic spinal nerve<\/p>\n

cervical plexus:<\/strong> nerve plexus associated with the upper cervical spinal nerves<\/p>\n

cranial nerve:<\/strong> one of twelve nerves connected to the brain that are responsible for sensory or motor functions of the head and neck<\/p>\n

endoneurium:<\/strong> innermost layer of connective tissue that surrounds individual axons within a nerve<\/p>\n

epineurium:<\/strong> outermost layer of connective tissue that surrounds an entire nerve<\/p>\n

esophageal plexus:<\/strong> neuronal plexus in the wall of the esophagus that is part of the enteric nervous system<\/p>\n

extraocular muscles:<\/strong> six skeletal muscles that control eye movement within the orbit<\/p>\n

facial nerve:<\/strong> seventh cranial nerve; responsible for contraction of the facial muscles and for part of the sense of taste, as well as causing saliva production<\/p>\n

fascicle:<\/strong> small bundles of nerve or muscle fibers enclosed by connective tissue<\/p>\n

femoral nerve:<\/strong> systemic nerve of the anterior leg that arises from the lumbar plexus<\/p>\n

fibular nerve:<\/strong> systemic nerve of the posterior leg that begins as part of the sciatic nerve<\/p>\n

glossopharyngeal nerve:<\/strong> ninth cranial nerve; responsible for contraction of muscles in the tongue and throat and for part of the sense of taste, as well as causing saliva production<\/p>\n

intercostal nerve:<\/strong> systemic nerve in the thoracic cavity that is found between two ribs<\/p>\n

lumbar plexus:<\/strong> nerve plexus associated with the lumbar spinal nerves<\/p>\n

median nerve:<\/strong> systemic nerve of the arm, located between the ulnar and radial nerves<\/p>\n

nerve plexus:<\/strong> network of nerves without neuronal cell bodies included<\/p>\n

oculomotor nerve:<\/strong> third cranial nerve; responsible for contraction of four of the extraocular muscles, the muscle in the upper eyelid, and pupillary constriction<\/p>\n

olfaction:<\/strong> special sense responsible for smell, which has a unique, direct connection to the cerebrum<\/p>\n

olfactory nerve:<\/strong> first cranial nerve; responsible for the sense of smell<\/p>\n

optic nerve:<\/strong> second cranial nerve; responsible for visual sensation<\/p>\n

perineurium:<\/strong> layer of connective tissue surrounding fascicles within a nerve<\/p>\n

phrenic nerve:<\/strong> systemic nerve from the cervical plexus that enervates the diaphragm<\/p>\n

plexus:<\/strong> network of nerves or nervous tissue<\/p>\n

radial nerve:<\/strong> systemic nerve of the arm, the distal component of which is located near the radial bone<\/p>\n

sacral plexus:<\/strong> nerve plexus associated with the lower lumbar and sacral spinal nerves<\/p>\n

saphenous nerve:<\/strong> systemic nerve of the lower anterior leg that is a branch from the femoral nerve<\/p>\n

sciatic nerve:<\/strong> systemic nerve from the sacral plexus that is a combination of the tibial and fibular nerves and extends across the hip joint and gluteal region into the upper posterior leg<\/p>\n

sciatica:<\/strong> painful condition resulting from inflammation or compression of the sciatic nerve or any of the spinal nerves that contribute to it<\/p>\n

spinal accessory nerve:<\/strong> eleventh cranial nerve; responsible for contraction of neck muscles<\/p>\n

spinal nerve:<\/strong> one of 31 nerves connected to the spinal cord<\/p>\n

systemic nerve:<\/strong> nerve in the periphery distal to a nerve plexus or spinal nerve<\/p>\n

tibial nerve:<\/strong> systemic nerve of the posterior leg that begins as part of the sciatic nerve<\/p>\n

trigeminal ganglion:<\/strong> sensory ganglion that contributes sensory fibers to the trigeminal nerve<\/p>\n

trigeminal nerve:<\/strong> fifth cranial nerve; responsible for cutaneous sensation of the face and contraction of the muscles of mastication<\/p>\n

trochlear nerve:<\/strong> fourth cranial nerve; responsible for contraction of one of the extraocular muscles<\/p>\n

ulnar nerve:<\/strong> systemic nerve of the arm located close to the ulna, a bone of the forearm<\/p>\n

vagus nerve:<\/strong> tenth cranial nerve; responsible for the autonomic control of organs in the thoracic and upper abdominal cavities<\/p>\n

vestibulocochlear nerve:<\/strong> eighth cranial nerve; responsible for the sensations of hearing and balance<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t

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