{"id":57,"date":"2014-11-10T18:57:55","date_gmt":"2014-11-10T18:57:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.candelalearning.com\/englishcomp1kaleidoscoperevisedmaster\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=57"},"modified":"2014-11-26T19:42:16","modified_gmt":"2014-11-26T19:42:16","slug":"writing-for-success-narration","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-englishcomp1v2\/chapter\/writing-for-success-narration\/","title":{"raw":"Writing for Success: Narration","rendered":"Writing for Success: Narration"},"content":{"raw":"&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThis section will help you determine the purpose and structure of narration in writing.\r\n<h3>The Purpose of Narrative Writing<\/h3>\r\n<em>Narration<\/em> means the art of storytelling, and the purpose of narrative\u00a0writing is to tell stories. Any time you tell a story to a friend or family member about an event or incident in your day, you engage in a form of narration. In addition, a narrative can be factual or fictional. A factual\u00a0story is one that is based on, and tries to be faithful to, actual events as they unfolded in real life. A fictional\u00a0story is a made-up, or imagined, story; the writer of a fictional story can create characters and events as he or she sees fit.\r\n\r\nThe big distinction between factual and fictional narratives is based on a writer\u2019s purpose. The writers of factual stories try to recount events as they actually happened, but writers of fictional stories can depart from real people and events because the writers\u2019 intents are not to retell a real-life event. Biographies and memoirs are examples of factual stories, whereas novels and short stories are examples of fictional stories.\r\n<h3>Know Your Purpose<\/h3>\r\nBecause the line between fact and fiction can often blur, it is helpful to understand what your purpose is from the beginning. Is it important that you recount history, either your own or someone else\u2019s? Or does your interest lie in reshaping the world in your own image\u2014either how you would like to see it or how you imagine it could be? Your answers will go a long way in shaping the stories you tell.\r\n\r\nUltimately, whether the story is fact or fiction, narrative writing tries to relay a series of events in an emotionally engaging way. You want your audience to be moved by your story, which could mean through laughter, sympathy, fear, anger, and so on. The more clearly you tell your story, the more emotionally engaged your audience is likely to be.\r\n<h3>The Structure of a Narrative Essay<\/h3>\r\nMajor narrative events are most often conveyed in chronological\u00a0order, the order in which events unfold from first to last. Stories typically have a beginning, a middle, and an end, and these events are typically organized by time. Certain <a href=\"http:\/\/writing2.richmond.edu\/writing\/wweb\/trans1.html\">transitional words and phrases<\/a> aid in keeping the reader oriented in the sequencing of a story. Some of these phrases are listed here:\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Chronological Transitional Words<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<table class=\"no-margin\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"border: 3px solid #000000;background-color: #f5fc91;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;height: 159px;width: 517px\" border=\"3\" rules=\"all\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>after\/afterward<\/td>\r\n<td>as soon as<\/td>\r\n<td>at last<\/td>\r\n<td>before<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>currently<\/td>\r\n<td>during<\/td>\r\n<td>eventually<\/td>\r\n<td>meanwhile<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>next<\/td>\r\n<td>now<\/td>\r\n<td>since<\/td>\r\n<td>soon<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>finally<\/td>\r\n<td>later<\/td>\r\n<td>still<\/td>\r\n<td>then<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>until<\/td>\r\n<td>when\/whenever<\/td>\r\n<td>while<\/td>\r\n<td>first, second, third<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nOther basic components of a narrative are:\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li>Plot -\u00a0The events as they unfold in sequence.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Characters -\u00a0The people who inhabit the story and move it forward. Typically, there are minor characters and main characters. The minor characters generally play supporting roles to the main character, also known as\u00a0the protagonist.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Conflict -\u00a0The primary problem or obstacle that unfolds in the plot that the protagonist must solve or overcome by the end of the narrative. The way in which the protagonist resolves the conflict of the plot results in the theme of the narrative.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Theme -\u00a0The ultimate message the narrative is trying to express; it can be either explicit or implicit.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>Writing a Narrative Essay<\/h3>\r\nWhen writing a narrative essay, start by asking yourself if you want to write a factual or fictional story. Then freewrite, brainstorm, or mindmap about topics that are of general interest to you. For more information about pre-writing, review the materials in \"My Writing Process\u00a0- Prewriting and Draft.\"\r\n\r\nOnce you have a general idea of what you will be writing about, you should sketch out the major events of the story that will compose your plot. Typically, these events will be revealed chronologically and climax at a central conflict that must be resolved by the end of the story. The use of strong details is crucial as you describe the events and characters in your narrative. You want the reader to emotionally engage with the world that you create in writing.\r\n<h3>Keep the Senses in Mind<\/h3>\r\nTo create strong details, keep the human senses in mind. You want your reader to be immersed in the world that you create, so focus on details related to sight, sound, smell, taste, and touch as you describe people, places, and events in your narrative.\r\n\r\nAs always, it is important to start with a strong introduction to hook your reader into wanting to read more. Try opening the essay with an event that is interesting to introduce the story and get it going. Finally, your conclusion should help resolve the central conflict of the story and impress upon your reader the ultimate theme of the piece.\r\n<h3>Narratives Tell A Story<\/h3>\r\nEvery day, you relate stories to other people through simple exchanges. You may have had a horrible experience at a restaurant the night before, or you may have had some good news you are ready to share. In each one of these experiences there's a story, and when you begin to share a personal experience, you often communicate in a narrative mode.\r\n\r\nAlthough narratives can vary widely, most share several common features. Generally, storytellers establish:\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><em>Characters<\/em>, the person\/people (sometimes they are animals) the story is about, which may include the storyteller<\/li>\r\n\t<li><em>Conflict<\/em>, or struggle in the story,\u00a0that builds their audience's interest<\/li>\r\n\t<li><em>Details<\/em>,\u00a0or descriptions,\u00a0that appeal to the<em>\u00a0senses\u00a0<\/em>of sight, sound, smell, touch, and taste<\/li>\r\n\t<li><em>A\u00a0sequence\u00a0<\/em>of<em>\u00a0events<\/em>\u00a0in a\u00a0<em>plot<\/em>, or order of what happens in the story, that keeps the audience engaged as the story unfolds<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Reflection of events around a\u00a0<em>theme<\/em>, or unifying idea,\u00a0for telling the story<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>Narratives of Love and War<\/h3>\r\nConsider two narratives that couldn't be more different\u2014a tale of love and a story of war: John Hodgman's sweet, geeky tale of falling in love and Emmanuel Jal's story of being a child soldier and learning to forgive his enemies. Review these videos below then engage in a discussion following the directions as listed.\r\n\r\nJohn Hodgman: <em>A Brief Digression on Matters of Lost Time<\/em>\r\n\r\nhttp:\/\/youtu.be\/8W51H1croBw\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nEmmanuel Jal: <em>The Music of a War Child<\/em>\r\n\r\nhttp:\/\/youtu.be\/nF_dHdNOgSA\r\n\r\n<hr \/>\r\n\r\n<h3><\/h3>\r\n<h3>Narrative Essay Example<\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Read the following example of a narrative essay. Note how it reflects the basic components and common features of narratives, as discussed above.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>My College Education<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">By Scott McLean, in <em>Writing for Success<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The first class I went to in college was philosophy, and it changed my life forever. Our first assignment was to write a short response paper to the Albert Camus essay \u201cThe Myth of Sisyphus.\u201d I was extremely nervous about the assignment as well as college. However, through all the confusion in philosophy class, many of my questions about life were answered.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">I entered college intending to earn a degree in engineering. I always liked the way mathematics had right and wrong answers. I understood the\u00a0logic and was very good at it. So when I received my first philosophy assignment that asked me to write my interpretation of the Camus essay, I\u00a0was instantly confused. What is the right way to do this assignment, I wondered? I was nervous about writing an incorrect interpretation and did\u00a0not want to get my first assignment wrong. Even more troubling was that the professor refused to give us any guidelines on what he was looking\u00a0for; he gave us total freedom. He simply said, \u201cI want to see what you come up with.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Full of anxiety, I first set out to read Camus\u2019s essay several times to make sure I really knew what was it was about. I did my best to take careful\u00a0notes. Yet even after I took all these notes and knew the essay inside and out, I still did not know the right answer. What was my interpretation? I\u00a0could think of a million different ways to interpret the essay, but which one was my professor looking for? In math class, I was used to examples\u00a0and explanations of solutions. This assignment gave me nothing; I was completely on my own to come up with my individual interpretation.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Next, when I sat down to write, the words just did not come to me. My notes and ideas were all present, but the words were lost. I decided to try\u00a0every prewriting strategy I could find. I brainstormed, made idea maps, and even wrote an outline. Eventually, after a lot of stress, my ideas\u00a0became more organized and the words fell on the page. I had my interpretation of \u201cThe Myth of Sisyphus,\u201d and I had my main reasons for\u00a0interpreting the essay. I remember being unsure of myself, wondering if what I was saying made sense, or if I was even on the right track. Through\u00a0all the uncertainty, I continued writing the best I could. I finished the conclusion paragraph, had my spouse proofread it for errors, and turned it\u00a0in the next day simply hoping for the best.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Then, a week or two later, came judgment day. The professor gave our papers back to us with grades and comments. I remember feeling\u00a0simultaneously afraid and eager to get the paper back in my hands. It turned out, however, that I had nothing to worry about. The professor gave\u00a0me an A on the paper, and his notes suggested that I wrote an effective essay overall. He wrote that my reading of the essay was very original and\u00a0that my thoughts were well organized. My relief and newfound confidence upon reading his comments could not be overstated.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">What I learned through this process extended well beyond how to write a college paper. I learned to be open to new challenges. I never expected\u00a0to enjoy a philosophy class and always expected to be a math and science person. This class and assignment, however, gave me the selfconfidence, critical-thinking skills, and courage to try a new career path. I left engineering and went on to study law and eventually became a\u00a0lawyer. More important, that class and paper helped me understand education differently. Instead of seeing college as a direct stepping stone to a\u00a0career, I learned to see college as a place to first learn and then seek a career or enhance an existing career. By giving me the space to express my\u00a0own interpretation and to argue for my own values, my philosophy class taught me the importance of education for education\u2019s sake. That\u00a0realization continues to pay dividends every day.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3>Key Takeaways<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li>Narration is the art of storytelling.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Narratives can be either factual or fictional. In either case, narratives should emotionally engage the reader.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Most narratives are composed of major events sequenced in chronological order.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Time transition words and phrases are used to orient the reader in the sequence of a narrative.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>The four basic components to all narratives are plot, character, conflict, and theme.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>The use of sensory details is crucial to emotionally engaging the reader.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>A strong introduction is important to hook the reader. A strong conclusion should add resolution to the conflict and evoke the narrative\u2019s theme.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>This section will help you determine the purpose and structure of narration in writing.<\/p>\n<h3>The Purpose of Narrative Writing<\/h3>\n<p><em>Narration<\/em> means the art of storytelling, and the purpose of narrative\u00a0writing is to tell stories. Any time you tell a story to a friend or family member about an event or incident in your day, you engage in a form of narration. In addition, a narrative can be factual or fictional. A factual\u00a0story is one that is based on, and tries to be faithful to, actual events as they unfolded in real life. A fictional\u00a0story is a made-up, or imagined, story; the writer of a fictional story can create characters and events as he or she sees fit.<\/p>\n<p>The big distinction between factual and fictional narratives is based on a writer\u2019s purpose. The writers of factual stories try to recount events as they actually happened, but writers of fictional stories can depart from real people and events because the writers\u2019 intents are not to retell a real-life event. Biographies and memoirs are examples of factual stories, whereas novels and short stories are examples of fictional stories.<\/p>\n<h3>Know Your Purpose<\/h3>\n<p>Because the line between fact and fiction can often blur, it is helpful to understand what your purpose is from the beginning. Is it important that you recount history, either your own or someone else\u2019s? Or does your interest lie in reshaping the world in your own image\u2014either how you would like to see it or how you imagine it could be? Your answers will go a long way in shaping the stories you tell.<\/p>\n<p>Ultimately, whether the story is fact or fiction, narrative writing tries to relay a series of events in an emotionally engaging way. You want your audience to be moved by your story, which could mean through laughter, sympathy, fear, anger, and so on. The more clearly you tell your story, the more emotionally engaged your audience is likely to be.<\/p>\n<h3>The Structure of a Narrative Essay<\/h3>\n<p>Major narrative events are most often conveyed in chronological\u00a0order, the order in which events unfold from first to last. Stories typically have a beginning, a middle, and an end, and these events are typically organized by time. Certain <a href=\"http:\/\/writing2.richmond.edu\/writing\/wweb\/trans1.html\">transitional words and phrases<\/a> aid in keeping the reader oriented in the sequencing of a story. Some of these phrases are listed here:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Chronological Transitional Words<\/strong><\/p>\n<table class=\"no-margin\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"border: 3px solid #000000;background-color: #f5fc91;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;height: 159px;width: 517px; border-spacing: 0px;\" rules=\"all\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>after\/afterward<\/td>\n<td>as soon as<\/td>\n<td>at last<\/td>\n<td>before<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>currently<\/td>\n<td>during<\/td>\n<td>eventually<\/td>\n<td>meanwhile<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>next<\/td>\n<td>now<\/td>\n<td>since<\/td>\n<td>soon<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>finally<\/td>\n<td>later<\/td>\n<td>still<\/td>\n<td>then<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>until<\/td>\n<td>when\/whenever<\/td>\n<td>while<\/td>\n<td>first, second, third<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Other basic components of a narrative are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Plot &#8211;\u00a0The events as they unfold in sequence.<\/li>\n<li>Characters &#8211;\u00a0The people who inhabit the story and move it forward. Typically, there are minor characters and main characters. The minor characters generally play supporting roles to the main character, also known as\u00a0the protagonist.<\/li>\n<li>Conflict &#8211;\u00a0The primary problem or obstacle that unfolds in the plot that the protagonist must solve or overcome by the end of the narrative. The way in which the protagonist resolves the conflict of the plot results in the theme of the narrative.<\/li>\n<li>Theme &#8211;\u00a0The ultimate message the narrative is trying to express; it can be either explicit or implicit.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Writing a Narrative Essay<\/h3>\n<p>When writing a narrative essay, start by asking yourself if you want to write a factual or fictional story. Then freewrite, brainstorm, or mindmap about topics that are of general interest to you. For more information about pre-writing, review the materials in &#8220;My Writing Process\u00a0&#8211; Prewriting and Draft.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Once you have a general idea of what you will be writing about, you should sketch out the major events of the story that will compose your plot. Typically, these events will be revealed chronologically and climax at a central conflict that must be resolved by the end of the story. The use of strong details is crucial as you describe the events and characters in your narrative. You want the reader to emotionally engage with the world that you create in writing.<\/p>\n<h3>Keep the Senses in Mind<\/h3>\n<p>To create strong details, keep the human senses in mind. You want your reader to be immersed in the world that you create, so focus on details related to sight, sound, smell, taste, and touch as you describe people, places, and events in your narrative.<\/p>\n<p>As always, it is important to start with a strong introduction to hook your reader into wanting to read more. Try opening the essay with an event that is interesting to introduce the story and get it going. Finally, your conclusion should help resolve the central conflict of the story and impress upon your reader the ultimate theme of the piece.<\/p>\n<h3>Narratives Tell A Story<\/h3>\n<p>Every day, you relate stories to other people through simple exchanges. You may have had a horrible experience at a restaurant the night before, or you may have had some good news you are ready to share. In each one of these experiences there&#8217;s a story, and when you begin to share a personal experience, you often communicate in a narrative mode.<\/p>\n<p>Although narratives can vary widely, most share several common features. Generally, storytellers establish:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Characters<\/em>, the person\/people (sometimes they are animals) the story is about, which may include the storyteller<\/li>\n<li><em>Conflict<\/em>, or struggle in the story,\u00a0that builds their audience&#8217;s interest<\/li>\n<li><em>Details<\/em>,\u00a0or descriptions,\u00a0that appeal to the<em>\u00a0senses\u00a0<\/em>of sight, sound, smell, touch, and taste<\/li>\n<li><em>A\u00a0sequence\u00a0<\/em>of<em>\u00a0events<\/em>\u00a0in a\u00a0<em>plot<\/em>, or order of what happens in the story, that keeps the audience engaged as the story unfolds<\/li>\n<li>Reflection of events around a\u00a0<em>theme<\/em>, or unifying idea,\u00a0for telling the story<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Narratives of Love and War<\/h3>\n<p>Consider two narratives that couldn&#8217;t be more different\u2014a tale of love and a story of war: John Hodgman&#8217;s sweet, geeky tale of falling in love and Emmanuel Jal&#8217;s story of being a child soldier and learning to forgive his enemies. Review these videos below then engage in a discussion following the directions as listed.<\/p>\n<p>John Hodgman: <em>A Brief Digression on Matters of Lost Time<\/em><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-1\" title=\"John Hodgman: A brief digression on matters of lost time\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/8W51H1croBw?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Emmanuel Jal: <em>The Music of a War Child<\/em><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-2\" title=\"Emmanuel Jal: The music of a war child\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/nF_dHdNOgSA?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>Narrative Essay Example<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Read the following example of a narrative essay. Note how it reflects the basic components and common features of narratives, as discussed above.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>My College Education<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">By Scott McLean, in <em>Writing for Success<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The first class I went to in college was philosophy, and it changed my life forever. Our first assignment was to write a short response paper to the Albert Camus essay \u201cThe Myth of Sisyphus.\u201d I was extremely nervous about the assignment as well as college. However, through all the confusion in philosophy class, many of my questions about life were answered.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">I entered college intending to earn a degree in engineering. I always liked the way mathematics had right and wrong answers. I understood the\u00a0logic and was very good at it. So when I received my first philosophy assignment that asked me to write my interpretation of the Camus essay, I\u00a0was instantly confused. What is the right way to do this assignment, I wondered? I was nervous about writing an incorrect interpretation and did\u00a0not want to get my first assignment wrong. Even more troubling was that the professor refused to give us any guidelines on what he was looking\u00a0for; he gave us total freedom. He simply said, \u201cI want to see what you come up with.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Full of anxiety, I first set out to read Camus\u2019s essay several times to make sure I really knew what was it was about. I did my best to take careful\u00a0notes. Yet even after I took all these notes and knew the essay inside and out, I still did not know the right answer. What was my interpretation? I\u00a0could think of a million different ways to interpret the essay, but which one was my professor looking for? In math class, I was used to examples\u00a0and explanations of solutions. This assignment gave me nothing; I was completely on my own to come up with my individual interpretation.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Next, when I sat down to write, the words just did not come to me. My notes and ideas were all present, but the words were lost. I decided to try\u00a0every prewriting strategy I could find. I brainstormed, made idea maps, and even wrote an outline. Eventually, after a lot of stress, my ideas\u00a0became more organized and the words fell on the page. I had my interpretation of \u201cThe Myth of Sisyphus,\u201d and I had my main reasons for\u00a0interpreting the essay. I remember being unsure of myself, wondering if what I was saying made sense, or if I was even on the right track. Through\u00a0all the uncertainty, I continued writing the best I could. I finished the conclusion paragraph, had my spouse proofread it for errors, and turned it\u00a0in the next day simply hoping for the best.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Then, a week or two later, came judgment day. The professor gave our papers back to us with grades and comments. I remember feeling\u00a0simultaneously afraid and eager to get the paper back in my hands. It turned out, however, that I had nothing to worry about. The professor gave\u00a0me an A on the paper, and his notes suggested that I wrote an effective essay overall. He wrote that my reading of the essay was very original and\u00a0that my thoughts were well organized. My relief and newfound confidence upon reading his comments could not be overstated.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">What I learned through this process extended well beyond how to write a college paper. I learned to be open to new challenges. I never expected\u00a0to enjoy a philosophy class and always expected to be a math and science person. This class and assignment, however, gave me the selfconfidence, critical-thinking skills, and courage to try a new career path. I left engineering and went on to study law and eventually became a\u00a0lawyer. More important, that class and paper helped me understand education differently. Instead of seeing college as a direct stepping stone to a\u00a0career, I learned to see college as a place to first learn and then seek a career or enhance an existing career. By giving me the space to express my\u00a0own interpretation and to argue for my own values, my philosophy class taught me the importance of education for education\u2019s sake. That\u00a0realization continues to pay dividends every day.<\/p>\n<h3>Key Takeaways<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Narration is the art of storytelling.<\/li>\n<li>Narratives can be either factual or fictional. In either case, narratives should emotionally engage the reader.<\/li>\n<li>Most narratives are composed of major events sequenced in chronological order.<\/li>\n<li>Time transition words and phrases are used to orient the reader in the sequence of a narrative.<\/li>\n<li>The four basic components to all narratives are plot, character, conflict, and theme.<\/li>\n<li>The use of sensory details is crucial to emotionally engaging the reader.<\/li>\n<li>A strong introduction is important to hook the reader. A strong conclusion should add resolution to the conflict and evoke the narrative\u2019s theme.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-57\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Original<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li><strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/lumenlearning.com\/\">http:\/\/lumenlearning.com\/<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Successful Writing. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Anonymous. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/2012books.lardbucket.org\/books\/successful-writing\/s14-01-narration.html\">http:\/\/2012books.lardbucket.org\/books\/successful-writing\/s14-01-narration.html<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>My College Education. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Scott McLean. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/2012books.lardbucket.org\/books\/successful-writing\/s19-02-narrative-essay.html\">http:\/\/2012books.lardbucket.org\/books\/successful-writing\/s19-02-narrative-essay.html<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">All rights reserved content<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>A Brief Digression on Matters of Lost Time. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: John Hodgman . <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: TED Talks. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/youtu.be\/8W51H1croBw\">http:\/\/youtu.be\/8W51H1croBw<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em>All Rights Reserved<\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: Standard YouTube License<\/li><li>The Music of a War Child. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Emmanuel Jal. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: TED Talks. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/youtu.be\/nF_dHdNOgSA\">http:\/\/youtu.be\/nF_dHdNOgSA<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em>All Rights Reserved<\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: Standard YouTube License<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":9,"menu_order":8,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Lumen Learning\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/lumenlearning.com\/\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"copyrighted_video\",\"description\":\"A Brief Digression on Matters of Lost Time\",\"author\":\"John Hodgman \",\"organization\":\"TED Talks\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/youtu.be\/8W51H1croBw\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"arr\",\"license_terms\":\"Standard YouTube License\"},{\"type\":\"copyrighted_video\",\"description\":\"The Music of a War Child\",\"author\":\"Emmanuel Jal\",\"organization\":\"TED Talks\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/youtu.be\/nF_dHdNOgSA\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"arr\",\"license_terms\":\"Standard YouTube License\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Successful 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