{"id":272,"date":"2016-07-13T21:21:51","date_gmt":"2016-07-13T21:21:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level3-english\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=272"},"modified":"2018-08-28T17:25:50","modified_gmt":"2018-08-28T17:25:50","slug":"text-finding-scholarly-articles","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-esc-englishcomposition1-2\/chapter\/text-finding-scholarly-articles\/","title":{"raw":"Finding Scholarly Articles in Databases","rendered":"Finding Scholarly Articles in Databases"},"content":{"raw":"<h3>Why Use Databases?<\/h3>\r\nYou may already be comfortable using Google Scholar and other search engines, so why take time to learn about library databases? While they make take some getting used to initially, library databases are tailored to\u00a0academic research and can provide lots of pertinent results in a fraction of the time you'd need to find the material in a general search engine such as standard Google. Here are some other reasons that databases are so valuable:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>You can access a lot of scholarly journal articles, and\u00a0also find books, reference book articles, popular magazine articles, and newspaper articles.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The search capabilities of databases enable you to search for focused results.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>All material in databases is evaluated for accuracy and credibility by subject experts and publishers.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Although databases are reviewed and updated regularly, published<b> <\/b>content from journals, magazines, newspapers, and books is relatively stable. Most material remains in a database for a significant length of time and can\u00a0easily be retrieved again.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Many databases include a citation tool that will automatically generate an APA or MLA style reference for the article you select. You may still need to \u201ctweak\u201d this citation but these tools serve as a good starting point for citing your articles in a particular format.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Library database subscriptions are paid for through your library so you shouldn't have to pay for articles.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>Types of Databases<\/h3>\r\n<img class=\"alignright wp-image-3650 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3033\/2016\/07\/10195726\/database-1189982_1920-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"decorative image\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" \/>General databases have a little bit of everything (like a big retail store). Examples of general databases include\u00a0Google Scholar, the\u00a0library\u00a0articles search, or JSTOR. These are good starting points, but you may find they yield\u00a0either too many search results to sift through or\u00a0too much irrelevant information.\u00a0 If so, try a specialized database.\r\n\r\nSpecialized databases (like a boutique) contain research more\u00a0limited\u00a0research to a particular subject\/discipline (ex. psychology), or format (ex. streaming video). You can do a more focused search in\u00a0specialized databases aligned to your topic. The number of results you get will be smaller, but the content\u00a0may be more relevant.\u00a0Examples of specialized databases include\u00a0PsycINFO, Political Science Complete, or Pubmed.\r\n\r\nYour library will probably have an \u201carticle search\u201d or \u201cdatabase search\u201d link to begin your search. When you search article databases, your results list contains citations to a variety of information sources. Depending on the database, you might also find citations to books or book\u00a0chapters. For example, the database PsychINFO\u00a0identifies your search results as scholarly articles, books, book chapters, dissertations, etc.\u00a0 Additionally, databases provide all of the information you need for your citations, should you choose to use the source\/s you find through your database search.\r\n\r\nThe following video explains the concept of databases.\r\n\r\n[embed]https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Q2GMtIuaNzU[\/embed]\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\r\n<h3>Using Databases<\/h3>\r\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><em>Take a look at Marvin's success in\u00a0researching information using a specialized database.<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Prof: Let\u2019s go back to your initial Google search for a minute. Did any Wikipedia articles come up for bottled water?<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Marvin: Yeah, and I took a quick look at one of them. But some of my professors say I shouldn\u2019t use Wikipedia.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Prof: That\u2019s because the quality of information in Wikipedia varies. It\u2019s monitored by volunteer writers and editors rather than experts, so you should double-check information you find in Wikipedia with other sources. But Wikipedia articles are often good places to get background info and good places to connect with more reliable sources. Did anything in the Wikipedia article seem useful for finding sources on bottled water?<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\"><i>Marvin clicks back to the Wikipedia site.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Marvin: It does mention that the National Resources Defense Council and the Drinking Water Research Foundation have done some studies on the health effects of bottled water (\u201cBottled Water\u201d).<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Prof: So, you could go to the websites for these organizations to find out more about the studies. They might even have links to the full reports of these studies, as well as other resources on your topic. Who else might have something to say about the healthfulness of bottled and tap water?<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Marvin: Maybe doctors and other health professionals? But I don\u2019t know any I could ask.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Prof: \u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s1\">You can look in the <strong>library\u2019s subject guides or ask the librarian about databases for health professionals<\/strong>. The Cumulative Index to Nursing &amp; Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) database is a good one. Are you logged in to the library? Can you try that one?<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><i>Marvin logs in, finds the database, and types in \u201cbottled water AND health.\u201d<\/i><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Marvin: Here\u2019s an article called \u201cHealth Risks and Benefits of Bottled Water.\u201d It\u2019s in the journal <i>Primary Care Clinical Office Practice <\/i>(Napier and Kodner).<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Prof: If that\u2019s a peer-reviewed journal, it might be a good source for your paper.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Marvin: Here\u2019s another one: \u201cSocio-Demographic Features and Fluoride Technologies Contributing to Higher Fluorosis Scores in Permanent Teeth of Canadian Children\u201d (Maupome et al.). That one sounds pretty technical.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Prof: And pretty narrow, too. When you start using sources written by experts, you move beyond the huge porch of public discourse, where everyone <i>talks <\/i>about all questions on a general level, into some smaller conversational parlors, where groups of specialists <i>talk <\/i>about more narrow questions in greater depth. You generally find more detailed and trustworthy knowledge in these smaller parlors. But sometimes the conversation may be too narrow for your needs and difficult to understand because it\u2019s experts <i>talking <\/i>to experts.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><i>Way ahead of the professor, Marvin\u2019s already started reading about the health risks and benefits of bottled water.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Marvin: Here\u2019s something confusing. The summary of this article on risks and benefits of bottled water says tap water is fine if you\u2019re in a location where there\u2019s good water. Then it says that you should use bottled water if the purity of your water source is in question. So which is better, tap or bottled?<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Prof: As you read more sources, you begin to realize there\u2019s not always a simple answer to questions. As the CINAHL article points out, the answer depends on whether your tap water is <\/span><span class=\"s1\">pure enough to drink. Not everyone agrees on the answers, either. When you\u2019re advising your future clients (or in this case, writing your paper), you\u2019ll need to \u201clisten\u201d to what different people who <i>talk <\/i>about the healthfulness of bottled and tap water have to say. Then you\u2019ll be equipped to make your own recommendation.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<h3>Why Use Databases?<\/h3>\n<p>You may already be comfortable using Google Scholar and other search engines, so why take time to learn about library databases? While they make take some getting used to initially, library databases are tailored to\u00a0academic research and can provide lots of pertinent results in a fraction of the time you&#8217;d need to find the material in a general search engine such as standard Google. Here are some other reasons that databases are so valuable:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>You can access a lot of scholarly journal articles, and\u00a0also find books, reference book articles, popular magazine articles, and newspaper articles.<\/li>\n<li>The search capabilities of databases enable you to search for focused results.<\/li>\n<li>All material in databases is evaluated for accuracy and credibility by subject experts and publishers.<\/li>\n<li>Although databases are reviewed and updated regularly, published<b> <\/b>content from journals, magazines, newspapers, and books is relatively stable. Most material remains in a database for a significant length of time and can\u00a0easily be retrieved again.<\/li>\n<li>Many databases include a citation tool that will automatically generate an APA or MLA style reference for the article you select. You may still need to \u201ctweak\u201d this citation but these tools serve as a good starting point for citing your articles in a particular format.<\/li>\n<li>Library database subscriptions are paid for through your library so you shouldn&#8217;t have to pay for articles.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Types of Databases<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-3650 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3033\/2016\/07\/10195726\/database-1189982_1920-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"decorative image\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" \/>General databases have a little bit of everything (like a big retail store). Examples of general databases include\u00a0Google Scholar, the\u00a0library\u00a0articles search, or JSTOR. These are good starting points, but you may find they yield\u00a0either too many search results to sift through or\u00a0too much irrelevant information.\u00a0 If so, try a specialized database.<\/p>\n<p>Specialized databases (like a boutique) contain research more\u00a0limited\u00a0research to a particular subject\/discipline (ex. psychology), or format (ex. streaming video). You can do a more focused search in\u00a0specialized databases aligned to your topic. The number of results you get will be smaller, but the content\u00a0may be more relevant.\u00a0Examples of specialized databases include\u00a0PsycINFO, Political Science Complete, or Pubmed.<\/p>\n<p>Your library will probably have an \u201carticle search\u201d or \u201cdatabase search\u201d link to begin your search. When you search article databases, your results list contains citations to a variety of information sources. Depending on the database, you might also find citations to books or book\u00a0chapters. For example, the database PsychINFO\u00a0identifies your search results as scholarly articles, books, book chapters, dissertations, etc.\u00a0 Additionally, databases provide all of the information you need for your citations, should you choose to use the source\/s you find through your database search.<\/p>\n<p>The following video explains the concept of databases.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-1\" title=\"What Are Databases and Why You Need Them\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Q2GMtIuaNzU?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\n<h3>Using Databases<\/h3>\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><em>Take a look at Marvin&#8217;s success in\u00a0researching information using a specialized database.<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Prof: Let\u2019s go back to your initial Google search for a minute. Did any Wikipedia articles come up for bottled water?<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Marvin: Yeah, and I took a quick look at one of them. But some of my professors say I shouldn\u2019t use Wikipedia.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Prof: That\u2019s because the quality of information in Wikipedia varies. It\u2019s monitored by volunteer writers and editors rather than experts, so you should double-check information you find in Wikipedia with other sources. But Wikipedia articles are often good places to get background info and good places to connect with more reliable sources. Did anything in the Wikipedia article seem useful for finding sources on bottled water?<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\"><i>Marvin clicks back to the Wikipedia site.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Marvin: It does mention that the National Resources Defense Council and the Drinking Water Research Foundation have done some studies on the health effects of bottled water (\u201cBottled Water\u201d).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Prof: So, you could go to the websites for these organizations to find out more about the studies. They might even have links to the full reports of these studies, as well as other resources on your topic. Who else might have something to say about the healthfulness of bottled and tap water?<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Marvin: Maybe doctors and other health professionals? But I don\u2019t know any I could ask.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Prof: \u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s1\">You can look in the <strong>library\u2019s subject guides or ask the librarian about databases for health professionals<\/strong>. The Cumulative Index to Nursing &amp; Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) database is a good one. Are you logged in to the library? Can you try that one?<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><i>Marvin logs in, finds the database, and types in \u201cbottled water AND health.\u201d<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Marvin: Here\u2019s an article called \u201cHealth Risks and Benefits of Bottled Water.\u201d It\u2019s in the journal <i>Primary Care Clinical Office Practice <\/i>(Napier and Kodner).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Prof: If that\u2019s a peer-reviewed journal, it might be a good source for your paper.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Marvin: Here\u2019s another one: \u201cSocio-Demographic Features and Fluoride Technologies Contributing to Higher Fluorosis Scores in Permanent Teeth of Canadian Children\u201d (Maupome et al.). That one sounds pretty technical.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Prof: And pretty narrow, too. When you start using sources written by experts, you move beyond the huge porch of public discourse, where everyone <i>talks <\/i>about all questions on a general level, into some smaller conversational parlors, where groups of specialists <i>talk <\/i>about more narrow questions in greater depth. You generally find more detailed and trustworthy knowledge in these smaller parlors. But sometimes the conversation may be too narrow for your needs and difficult to understand because it\u2019s experts <i>talking <\/i>to experts.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><i>Way ahead of the professor, Marvin\u2019s already started reading about the health risks and benefits of bottled water.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Marvin: Here\u2019s something confusing. The summary of this article on risks and benefits of bottled water says tap water is fine if you\u2019re in a location where there\u2019s good water. Then it says that you should use bottled water if the purity of your water source is in question. So which is better, tap or bottled?<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1 hanging-indent\"><span class=\"s1\">Prof: As you read more sources, you begin to realize there\u2019s not always a simple answer to questions. As the CINAHL article points out, the answer depends on whether your tap water is <\/span><span class=\"s1\">pure enough to drink. Not everyone agrees on the answers, either. When you\u2019re advising your future clients (or in this case, writing your paper), you\u2019ll need to \u201clisten\u201d to what different people who <i>talk <\/i>about the healthfulness of bottled and tap water have to say. Then you\u2019ll be equipped to make your own recommendation.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-272\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Original<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Finding Scholarly Articles in Databases. Revision and adaptation of the page Finding Scholarly Articles and Using Databases at https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-englishcomposition1\/chapter\/text-finding-scholarly-articles\/ which is a revision and adaptation of the sources listed below. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Susan Oaks. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Empire State College, SUNY OER Services. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lib.vt.edu\/help\/research\/info-sources.html\">http:\/\/www.lib.vt.edu\/help\/research\/info-sources.html<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Finding Scholarly Articles and Using Databases. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-englishcomposition1\/chapter\/text-finding-scholarly-articles\/\">https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-englishcomposition1\/chapter\/text-finding-scholarly-articles\/<\/a>. <strong>Project<\/strong>: English Composition I. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Writing 101: Research 101 tutorial. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Duke University. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/guides.library.duke.edu\/writing101\/research101\">http:\/\/guides.library.duke.edu\/writing101\/research101<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Why Use Databases? . <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Denise Woetzel. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Reynolds Community College Library. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"\"><\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC: Attribution-NonCommercial<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Walk, Talk, Cook, Eat: A Guide to Using Sources. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Cynthia R. Haller. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Saylor. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.saylor.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/writing-spaces-readings-on-writing-vol-2.pdf\">http:\/\/www.saylor.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/writing-spaces-readings-on-writing-vol-2.pdf<\/a>. <strong>Project<\/strong>: Writing Spaces: Readings on Writing Vol. 2. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>image of woman in library searching databases on computer. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: dschap. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Pixabay. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/database-library-catalog-search-1189982\/\">https:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/database-library-catalog-search-1189982\/<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/about\/cc0\">CC0: No Rights Reserved<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">All rights reserved content<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>video What Are Databases and Why You Need Them. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Yavapai College Library. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Q2GMtIuaNzU\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Q2GMtIuaNzU<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em>Other<\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: Standard YouTube License<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":29,"menu_order":5,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"Finding Scholarly Articles in Databases. Revision and adaptation of the page Finding Scholarly Articles and Using Databases at https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-englishcomposition1\/chapter\/text-finding-scholarly-articles\/ which is a revision and adaptation of the sources listed below\",\"author\":\"Susan Oaks\",\"organization\":\"Empire State College, SUNY OER Services\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/www.lib.vt.edu\/help\/research\/info-sources.html\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Finding Scholarly Articles and Using Databases\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Lumen Learning\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-englishcomposition1\/chapter\/text-finding-scholarly-articles\/\",\"project\":\"English Composition I\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Writing 101: Research 101 tutorial\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Duke University\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/guides.library.duke.edu\/writing101\/research101\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Why Use Databases? \",\"author\":\"Denise Woetzel\",\"organization\":\"Reynolds Community College Library\",\"url\":\": http:\/\/libguides.reynolds.edu\/c.php?g=143583&p=939857\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Walk, Talk, Cook, Eat: A Guide to Using Sources\",\"author\":\"Cynthia R. 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