{"id":2705,"date":"2015-05-06T03:51:02","date_gmt":"2015-05-06T03:51:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.candelalearning.com\/oschemtemp\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=2705"},"modified":"2016-10-25T23:13:44","modified_gmt":"2016-10-25T23:13:44","slug":"units-and-conversion-factors-2","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-chem-atoms-first\/chapter\/units-and-conversion-factors-2\/","title":{"raw":"Units and Conversion Factors","rendered":"Units and Conversion Factors"},"content":{"raw":"<h2>Units of Length<\/h2>\r\n<h3>Metric System<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>meter (m) = 39.37 inches (in.)\u00a0= 1.094 yards (yd)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>centimeter (cm) = 0.01 m (exact, definition)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>millimeter (mm) = 0.001 m (exact, definition)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>kilometer (km) = 1000 m (exact, definition)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>US System<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>angstrom (\u00c5)\u00a0= 10<sup>\u20138<\/sup> cm (exact, definition)\u00a0= 10<sup>\u201310<\/sup> m (exact, definition)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>inch (in.) = 2.54 cm (exact, definition)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>yard (yd) = 0.9144 m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>mile (US) = 1.60934 km<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Units of Volume<\/h2>\r\n<h3>Metric System<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>liter (L) = 0.001 m3 (exact, definition)\u00a0= 1000 cm3 (exact, definition)\u00a0= 1.057 (US) quarts<\/li>\r\n \t<li>milliliter (mL) = 0.001 L (exact, definition)\u00a0= 1 cm3 (exact, definition)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>microliter [latex](\\mu\\text{L})[\/latex] = 10\u20136 L (exact, definition)\u00a0= 10\u20133 cm3 (exact, definition)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>US System<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>liquid quart (US) = 32 (US) liquid ounces (exact, definition)\u00a0= 0.25 (US) gallon (exact, definition)\u00a0= 0.9463 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>dry quart = 1.1012 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>cubic foot (US) = 28.316 L<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Units of Mass<\/h2>\r\n<h3>Metric System<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>gram (g) = 0.001 kg (exact, definition)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>milligram (mg) = 0.001 g (exact, definition)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>kilogram (kg) = 1000 g (exact, definition)\u00a0= 2.205 lb<\/li>\r\n \t<li>ton (metric) =1000 kg (exact, definition)\u00a0= 2204.62 lb<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>US System<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>ounce (oz) (avoirdupois) = 28.35 g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>pound (lb) (avoirdupois) = 0.4535924 kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>ton (short) =2000 lb (exact, definition)\u00a0= 907.185 kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>ton (long) = 2240 lb (exact, definition)\u00a0= 1.016 metric ton<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Units of Energy<\/h2>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>4.184 joule (J) = 1 thermochemical calorie (cal)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1 thermochemical calorie (cal) [latex]=4.184\\times {10}^{7}\\text{erg}[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>erg = 10\u20137 J (exact, definition)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>electron-volt (eV) [latex]=1.60218\\times {10}^{-19}\\text{J}=23.061\\text{kcal}{\\text{mol}}^{-1}[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>liter\u2219atmosphere = 24.217 cal = 101.325 J (exact, definition)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>nutritional calorie (Cal) = 1000 cal (exact, definition) = 4184 J<\/li>\r\n \t<li>British thermal unit (BTU) = 1054.804 J[footnote]BTU is the amount of energy needed to heat one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit. Therefore, the exact relationship of BTU to joules and other energy units depends on the temperature at which BTU is measured. 59 \u00b0F (15 \u00b0C) is the most widely used reference temperature for BTU definition in the United States. At this temperature, the conversion factor is the one provided in this table.[\/footnote]<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Units of Pressure<\/h2>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>torr = 1 mm Hg (exact, definition)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>pascal (Pa) = N m<sup>\u20132<\/sup> (exact, definition) = kg m<sup>\u20131<\/sup> s<sup>\u20132<\/sup> (exact, definition)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>atmosphere (atm) \u00a0= 760 mm Hg (exact, definition) = 760 torr (exact, definition) = 101,325 N m<sup>\u20132<\/sup> (exact, definition) = 101,325 Pa (exact, definition)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>bar = 10<sup>5<\/sup> Pa (exact, definition) = 10<sup>5<\/sup> kg m<sup>\u20131<\/sup> s<sup>\u20132<\/sup> (exact, definition)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n&nbsp;","rendered":"<h2>Units of Length<\/h2>\n<h3>Metric System<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>meter (m) = 39.37 inches (in.)\u00a0= 1.094 yards (yd)<\/li>\n<li>centimeter (cm) = 0.01 m (exact, definition)<\/li>\n<li>millimeter (mm) = 0.001 m (exact, definition)<\/li>\n<li>kilometer (km) = 1000 m (exact, definition)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>US System<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>angstrom (\u00c5)\u00a0= 10<sup>\u20138<\/sup> cm (exact, definition)\u00a0= 10<sup>\u201310<\/sup> m (exact, definition)<\/li>\n<li>inch (in.) = 2.54 cm (exact, definition)<\/li>\n<li>yard (yd) = 0.9144 m<\/li>\n<li>mile (US) = 1.60934 km<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Units of Volume<\/h2>\n<h3>Metric System<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>liter (L) = 0.001 m3 (exact, definition)\u00a0= 1000 cm3 (exact, definition)\u00a0= 1.057 (US) quarts<\/li>\n<li>milliliter (mL) = 0.001 L (exact, definition)\u00a0= 1 cm3 (exact, definition)<\/li>\n<li>microliter [latex](\\mu\\text{L})[\/latex] = 10\u20136 L (exact, definition)\u00a0= 10\u20133 cm3 (exact, definition)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>US System<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>liquid quart (US) = 32 (US) liquid ounces (exact, definition)\u00a0= 0.25 (US) gallon (exact, definition)\u00a0= 0.9463 L<\/li>\n<li>dry quart = 1.1012 L<\/li>\n<li>cubic foot (US) = 28.316 L<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Units of Mass<\/h2>\n<h3>Metric System<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>gram (g) = 0.001 kg (exact, definition)<\/li>\n<li>milligram (mg) = 0.001 g (exact, definition)<\/li>\n<li>kilogram (kg) = 1000 g (exact, definition)\u00a0= 2.205 lb<\/li>\n<li>ton (metric) =1000 kg (exact, definition)\u00a0= 2204.62 lb<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>US System<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>ounce (oz) (avoirdupois) = 28.35 g<\/li>\n<li>pound (lb) (avoirdupois) = 0.4535924 kg<\/li>\n<li>ton (short) =2000 lb (exact, definition)\u00a0= 907.185 kg<\/li>\n<li>ton (long) = 2240 lb (exact, definition)\u00a0= 1.016 metric ton<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Units of Energy<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>4.184 joule (J) = 1 thermochemical calorie (cal)<\/li>\n<li>1 thermochemical calorie (cal) [latex]=4.184\\times {10}^{7}\\text{erg}[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>erg = 10\u20137 J (exact, definition)<\/li>\n<li>electron-volt (eV) [latex]=1.60218\\times {10}^{-19}\\text{J}=23.061\\text{kcal}{\\text{mol}}^{-1}[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>liter\u2219atmosphere = 24.217 cal = 101.325 J (exact, definition)<\/li>\n<li>nutritional calorie (Cal) = 1000 cal (exact, definition) = 4184 J<\/li>\n<li>British thermal unit (BTU) = 1054.804 J<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"BTU is the amount of energy needed to heat one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit. Therefore, the exact relationship of BTU to joules and other energy units depends on the temperature at which BTU is measured. 59 \u00b0F (15 \u00b0C) is the most widely used reference temperature for BTU definition in the United States. At this temperature, the conversion factor is the one provided in this table.\" id=\"return-footnote-2705-1\" href=\"#footnote-2705-1\" aria-label=\"Footnote 1\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[1]<\/sup><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Units of Pressure<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>torr = 1 mm Hg (exact, definition)<\/li>\n<li>pascal (Pa) = N m<sup>\u20132<\/sup> (exact, definition) = kg m<sup>\u20131<\/sup> s<sup>\u20132<\/sup> (exact, definition)<\/li>\n<li>atmosphere (atm) \u00a0= 760 mm Hg (exact, definition) = 760 torr (exact, definition) = 101,325 N m<sup>\u20132<\/sup> (exact, definition) = 101,325 Pa (exact, definition)<\/li>\n<li>bar = 10<sup>5<\/sup> Pa (exact, definition) = 10<sup>5<\/sup> kg m<sup>\u20131<\/sup> s<sup>\u20132<\/sup> (exact, definition)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-2705\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Chemistry. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: OpenStax College. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/openstaxcollege.org\">http:\/\/openstaxcollege.org<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: Download for free at https:\/\/openstaxcollege.org\/textbooks\/chemistry\/get<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section><hr class=\"before-footnotes clear\" \/><div class=\"footnotes\"><ol><li id=\"footnote-2705-1\">BTU is the amount of energy needed to heat one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit. Therefore, the exact relationship of BTU to joules and other energy units depends on the temperature at which BTU is measured. 59 \u00b0F (15 \u00b0C) is the most widely used reference temperature for BTU definition in the United States. At this temperature, the conversion factor is the one provided in this table. <a href=\"#return-footnote-2705-1\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 1\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>","protected":false},"author":17,"menu_order":137,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Chemistry\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"OpenStax College\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/openstaxcollege.org\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"Download for free at https:\/\/openstaxcollege.org\/textbooks\/chemistry\/get\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-2705","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":2943,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-chem-atoms-first\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2705","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-chem-atoms-first\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-chem-atoms-first\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-chem-atoms-first\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-chem-atoms-first\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2705\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5977,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-chem-atoms-first\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2705\/revisions\/5977"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-chem-atoms-first\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/2943"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-chem-atoms-first\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2705\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-chem-atoms-first\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2705"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-chem-atoms-first\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=2705"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-chem-atoms-first\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=2705"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-chem-atoms-first\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=2705"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}