{"id":283,"date":"2018-04-05T00:18:57","date_gmt":"2018-04-05T00:18:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/os-microecon-e2\/chapter\/introduction-to-consumer-choices\/"},"modified":"2018-05-03T15:33:40","modified_gmt":"2018-05-03T15:33:40","slug":"introduction-to-consumer-choices","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-microeconomics\/chapter\/introduction-to-consumer-choices\/","title":{"raw":"Introduction to Consumer Choices","rendered":"Introduction to Consumer Choices"},"content":{"raw":"<figure id=\"fs-idp40261328\" class=\"splash\">\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"780\"]<img src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3164\/2018\/04\/05001855\/CNX_Econ_C06_000.jpg\" alt=\"This is a photograph of students at their outdoor college graduation ceremony.\" width=\"780\" height=\"448\" \/> <strong>Figure 6.1 Investment Choices<\/strong> We generally view higher education as a good investment, if one can afford it, regardless of the state of the economy. (Credit: modification of work by Jason Bache\/Flickr Creative Commons)[\/caption]<\/figure>\r\n<div id=\"fs-idp8512832\" class=\"economics bringhome\">\r\n<div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\r\n<div id=\"fs-idp8512832\" class=\"economics bringhome\">\r\n<h3>Bring it Home<\/h3>\r\n<h4>\"Eeny, Meeny, Miney, Moe\"\u2014Making Choices<\/h4>\r\n<p id=\"fs-idp3361104\">The 2008\u20132009 Great Recession touched families around the globe. In too many countries, workers found themselves out of a job. In developed countries, unemployment compensation provided a safety net, but families still saw a marked decrease in disposable income and had to make tough spending decisions. Of course, non-essential, discretionary spending was the first to go.<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"fs-idp3361488\">Even so, there was one particular category that saw a universal increase in spending world-wide during that time\u2014an 18% uptick in the United States, specifically. You might guess that consumers began eating more meals at home, increasing grocery store spending; however, the Bureau of Labor Statistics\u2019 Consumer Expenditure Survey, which tracks U.S. food spending over time, showed \"real total food spending by U.S. households declined five percent between 2006 and 2009.\" So, it was not groceries. What product would people around the world demand more of during tough economic times, and more importantly, why? (Find out at chapter\u2019s end.)<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"fs-idm95376\">That question leads us to this chapter\u2019s topic\u2014analyzing how consumers make choices. For most consumers, using \"eeny, meeny, miney, moe\" is not how they make decisions. Their decision-making processes have been educated far beyond a children\u2019s rhyme.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"fs-idm9283792\" class=\"economics chapter-objectives\">\r\n<div><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 1em\">Introduction to Consumer Choices<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"fs-idm9283792\" class=\"economics chapter-objectives\">\r\n<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Introduction<\/h3>\r\n<p id=\"fs-idp94928512\">In this chapter, you will learn about:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul id=\"fs-idp105684144\">\r\n \t<li>Consumption Choices<\/li>\r\n \t<li>How Changes in Income and Prices Affect Consumption Choices<\/li>\r\n \t<li>How Consumer Choices Might Not Always be Rational<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p id=\"fs-idp41486096\">Microeconomics seeks to understand the behavior of individual economic agents such as individuals and businesses. Economists believe that we can analyze individuals\u2019 decisions, such as what goods and services to buy, as choices we make within certain budget constraints. Generally, consumers are trying to get the most for their limited budget. In economic terms they are trying to maximize total utility, or satisfaction, given their budget constraint.<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"fs-idm51156384\">Everyone has their own personal tastes and preferences. The French say: <em>Chacun \u00e0 son go\u00fbt<\/em>, or \"Each to his own taste.\" An old Latin saying states, <em>De gustibus non est disputandum<\/em> or \"There\u2019s no disputing about taste.\" If people base their decisions on their own tastes and personal preferences, however, then how can economists hope to analyze the choices consumers make?<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"fs-idp114601056\">An economic explanation for why people make different choices begins with accepting the proverbial wisdom that tastes are a matter of personal preference. However, economists also believe that the choices people make are influenced by their incomes, by the prices of goods and services they consume, and by factors like where they live. This chapter introduces the economic theory of how consumers make choices about what goods and services to buy with their limited income.<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"fs-idm56378112\">The analysis in this chapter will build on the budget constraint that we introduced in the Choice in a World of Scarcity chapter. This chapter will also illustrate how economic theory provides a tool to systematically look at the full range of possible consumption choices to predict how consumption responds to changes in prices or incomes. After reading this chapter, consult the appendix Indifference Curves to learn more about representing utility and choice through indifference curves.<\/p>\r\n&nbsp;","rendered":"<figure id=\"fs-idp40261328\" class=\"splash\">\n<div style=\"width: 790px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3164\/2018\/04\/05001855\/CNX_Econ_C06_000.jpg\" alt=\"This is a photograph of students at their outdoor college graduation ceremony.\" width=\"780\" height=\"448\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 6.1 Investment Choices<\/strong> We generally view higher education as a good investment, if one can afford it, regardless of the state of the economy. (Credit: modification of work by Jason Bache\/Flickr Creative Commons)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<div id=\"fs-idp8512832\" class=\"economics bringhome\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<div id=\"fs-idp8512832\" class=\"economics bringhome\">\n<h3>Bring it Home<\/h3>\n<h4>&#8220;Eeny, Meeny, Miney, Moe&#8221;\u2014Making Choices<\/h4>\n<p id=\"fs-idp3361104\">The 2008\u20132009 Great Recession touched families around the globe. In too many countries, workers found themselves out of a job. In developed countries, unemployment compensation provided a safety net, but families still saw a marked decrease in disposable income and had to make tough spending decisions. Of course, non-essential, discretionary spending was the first to go.<\/p>\n<p id=\"fs-idp3361488\">Even so, there was one particular category that saw a universal increase in spending world-wide during that time\u2014an 18% uptick in the United States, specifically. You might guess that consumers began eating more meals at home, increasing grocery store spending; however, the Bureau of Labor Statistics\u2019 Consumer Expenditure Survey, which tracks U.S. food spending over time, showed &#8220;real total food spending by U.S. households declined five percent between 2006 and 2009.&#8221; So, it was not groceries. What product would people around the world demand more of during tough economic times, and more importantly, why? (Find out at chapter\u2019s end.)<\/p>\n<p id=\"fs-idm95376\">That question leads us to this chapter\u2019s topic\u2014analyzing how consumers make choices. For most consumers, using &#8220;eeny, meeny, miney, moe&#8221; is not how they make decisions. Their decision-making processes have been educated far beyond a children\u2019s rhyme.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-idm9283792\" class=\"economics chapter-objectives\">\n<div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 1em\">Introduction to Consumer Choices<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-idm9283792\" class=\"economics chapter-objectives\">\n<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Introduction<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-idp94928512\">In this chapter, you will learn about:<\/p>\n<ul id=\"fs-idp105684144\">\n<li>Consumption Choices<\/li>\n<li>How Changes in Income and Prices Affect Consumption Choices<\/li>\n<li>How Consumer Choices Might Not Always be Rational<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-idp41486096\">Microeconomics seeks to understand the behavior of individual economic agents such as individuals and businesses. Economists believe that we can analyze individuals\u2019 decisions, such as what goods and services to buy, as choices we make within certain budget constraints. Generally, consumers are trying to get the most for their limited budget. In economic terms they are trying to maximize total utility, or satisfaction, given their budget constraint.<\/p>\n<p id=\"fs-idm51156384\">Everyone has their own personal tastes and preferences. The French say: <em>Chacun \u00e0 son go\u00fbt<\/em>, or &#8220;Each to his own taste.&#8221; An old Latin saying states, <em>De gustibus non est disputandum<\/em> or &#8220;There\u2019s no disputing about taste.&#8221; If people base their decisions on their own tastes and personal preferences, however, then how can economists hope to analyze the choices consumers make?<\/p>\n<p id=\"fs-idp114601056\">An economic explanation for why people make different choices begins with accepting the proverbial wisdom that tastes are a matter of personal preference. However, economists also believe that the choices people make are influenced by their incomes, by the prices of goods and services they consume, and by factors like where they live. This chapter introduces the economic theory of how consumers make choices about what goods and services to buy with their limited income.<\/p>\n<p id=\"fs-idm56378112\">The analysis in this chapter will build on the budget constraint that we introduced in the Choice in a World of Scarcity chapter. This chapter will also illustrate how economic theory provides a tool to systematically look at the full range of possible consumption choices to predict how consumption responds to changes in prices or incomes. After reading this chapter, consult the appendix Indifference Curves to learn more about representing utility and choice through indifference curves.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-283\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Specific attribution<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Principles of Microeconomics, 2nd Edition. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: OpenStax. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Rice University. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/5c09762c-b540-47d3-9541-dda1f44f16e5@8.1.\">http:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/5c09762c-b540-47d3-9541-dda1f44f16e5@8.1.<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: Download for free at http:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/5c09762c-b540-47d3-9541-dda1f44f16e5@8.1.<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":2,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc-attribution\",\"description\":\"Principles of Microeconomics, 2nd Edition\",\"author\":\"OpenStax\",\"organization\":\"Rice University\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/5c09762c-b540-47d3-9541-dda1f44f16e5@8.1.\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"Download for free at http:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/5c09762c-b540-47d3-9541-dda1f44f16e5@8.1.\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-283","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":281,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-microeconomics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/283","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-microeconomics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-microeconomics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-microeconomics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-microeconomics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/283\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":836,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-microeconomics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/283\/revisions\/836"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-microeconomics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/281"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-microeconomics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/283\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-microeconomics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=283"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-microeconomics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=283"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-microeconomics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=283"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-fmcc-microeconomics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=283"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}