{"id":208,"date":"2016-08-08T20:59:54","date_gmt":"2016-08-08T20:59:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/styleguide\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=208"},"modified":"2023-07-31T17:53:32","modified_gmt":"2023-07-31T17:53:32","slug":"common-sentence-structures","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-geneseo-guidetowriting\/chapter\/common-sentence-structures\/","title":{"raw":"Common Sentence Structures","rendered":"Common Sentence Structures"},"content":{"raw":"<h2>Basic Sentence Patterns<\/h2>\r\n<h3><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Subject<\/span> + <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">verb<\/span><\/h3>\r\nThe simplest of sentence patterns is composed of a <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>subject<\/strong><\/span> and <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>verb<\/strong><\/span> without a direct object or complement. It uses an <strong>intransitive verb<\/strong>, that is, a verb requiring no direct object:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Control <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>rods<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>remain<\/strong><\/span> inside the fuel assembly of the reactor.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>development<\/strong><\/span> of wind power practically <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>ceased<\/strong><\/span> until the early 1970s.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>cross-member<\/strong><\/span> exposed to abnormal stress eventually <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>broke<\/strong><\/span>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Only two <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>types<\/strong><\/span> of charge <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>exist<\/strong><\/span> in nature.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Subject<\/span> + <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">verb<\/span> + <span style=\"color: #800080;\">direct object<\/span><\/h3>\r\nAnother common sentence pattern uses the <span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>direct object<\/strong><\/span>:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Silicon<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>conducts<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>electricity<\/strong><\/span> in an unusual way.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The anti-reflective <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>coating<\/strong><\/span> on the the silicon cell <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>reduces<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>reflection<\/strong><\/span> from 32 to 22 percent.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Subject<\/span> + <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">verb<\/span> + <span style=\"color: #339966;\">indirect object<\/span> + <span style=\"color: #800080;\">direct object<\/span><\/h3>\r\nThe sentence pattern with the <span style=\"color: #339966;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #339966;\">indirect<\/span> object<\/strong><\/span> and <span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>direct object<\/strong><\/span> is similar to the preceding pattern:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>I<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>am writing<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #339966;\"><strong>her<\/strong><\/span> about a number of <span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>problems<\/strong><\/span> that I have had with my computer.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Austin, Texas<\/strong><\/span>, <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>has<\/strong><\/span> recently <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>built<\/strong><\/span> its <span style=\"color: #339966;\"><strong>citizens<\/strong><\/span> a <span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>system<\/strong><\/span> of bike lanes.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>Practice<\/h3>\r\nIdentify the basic sentence pattern of the sentences below:\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>All amplitude-modulation (AM) receivers work in the same way.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The supervisor mailed the applicant a description of the job.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>We have mailed the balance of the payment in this letter.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n[reveal-answer q=\"77635\"]Show Answer[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"77635\"]\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>This is a subject + verb sentence:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>All amplitude-modulation (AM) <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>receivers<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>work<\/strong><\/span> in the same way.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>This is a\u00a0subject + verb + indirect object + direct object sentence:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>The <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>supervisor<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>mailed<\/strong><\/span> the <span style=\"color: #339966;\"><strong>applicant<\/strong><\/span> a <span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>description<\/strong><\/span> of the job.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>This is a\u00a0subject + verb + direct object sentence:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>We<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>have mailed<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0the <strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\">balance<\/span><\/strong> of the payment in this letter.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n[\/hidden-answer]\r\n\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<h2>Basic Sentence Patterns<\/h2>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Subject<\/span> + <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">verb<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The simplest of sentence patterns is composed of a <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>subject<\/strong><\/span> and <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>verb<\/strong><\/span> without a direct object or complement. It uses an <strong>intransitive verb<\/strong>, that is, a verb requiring no direct object:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Control <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>rods<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>remain<\/strong><\/span> inside the fuel assembly of the reactor.<\/li>\n<li>The <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>development<\/strong><\/span> of wind power practically <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>ceased<\/strong><\/span> until the early 1970s.<\/li>\n<li>The <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>cross-member<\/strong><\/span> exposed to abnormal stress eventually <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>broke<\/strong><\/span>.<\/li>\n<li>Only two <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>types<\/strong><\/span> of charge <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>exist<\/strong><\/span> in nature.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Subject<\/span> + <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">verb<\/span> + <span style=\"color: #800080;\">direct object<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Another common sentence pattern uses the <span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>direct object<\/strong><\/span>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Silicon<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>conducts<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>electricity<\/strong><\/span> in an unusual way.<\/li>\n<li>The anti-reflective <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>coating<\/strong><\/span> on the the silicon cell <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>reduces<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>reflection<\/strong><\/span> from 32 to 22 percent.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Subject<\/span> + <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">verb<\/span> + <span style=\"color: #339966;\">indirect object<\/span> + <span style=\"color: #800080;\">direct object<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The sentence pattern with the <span style=\"color: #339966;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #339966;\">indirect<\/span> object<\/strong><\/span> and <span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>direct object<\/strong><\/span> is similar to the preceding pattern:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>I<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>am writing<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #339966;\"><strong>her<\/strong><\/span> about a number of <span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>problems<\/strong><\/span> that I have had with my computer.<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Austin, Texas<\/strong><\/span>, <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>has<\/strong><\/span> recently <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>built<\/strong><\/span> its <span style=\"color: #339966;\"><strong>citizens<\/strong><\/span> a <span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>system<\/strong><\/span> of bike lanes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Practice<\/h3>\n<p>Identify the basic sentence pattern of the sentences below:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>All amplitude-modulation (AM) receivers work in the same way.<\/li>\n<li>The supervisor mailed the applicant a description of the job.<\/li>\n<li>We have mailed the balance of the payment in this letter.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"qa-wrapper\" style=\"display: block\"><span class=\"show-answer collapsed\" style=\"cursor: pointer\" data-target=\"q77635\">Show Answer<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"q77635\" class=\"hidden-answer\" style=\"display: none\">\n<ol>\n<li>This is a subject + verb sentence:\n<ul>\n<li>All amplitude-modulation (AM) <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>receivers<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>work<\/strong><\/span> in the same way.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>This is a\u00a0subject + verb + indirect object + direct object sentence:\n<ul>\n<li>The <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>supervisor<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>mailed<\/strong><\/span> the <span style=\"color: #339966;\"><strong>applicant<\/strong><\/span> a <span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>description<\/strong><\/span> of the job.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>This is a\u00a0subject + verb + direct object sentence:\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>We<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>have mailed<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0the <strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\">balance<\/span><\/strong> of the payment in this letter.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-208\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Original<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Revision, Adaptation, and Original Content. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Revision and Adaptation. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Gillian Paku. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: SUNY Geneseo. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Basic Patterns and Elements of the Sentence. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: David McMurrey. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.prismnet.com\/~hcexres\/textbook\/twsent.html\">https:\/\/www.prismnet.com\/~hcexres\/textbook\/twsent.html<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":17,"menu_order":3,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Basic Patterns and Elements of the Sentence\",\"author\":\"David McMurrey\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.prismnet.com\/~hcexres\/textbook\/twsent.html\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"Revision, Adaptation, and Original Content\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Lumen Learning\",\"url\":\"\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"Revision and Adaptation\",\"author\":\"Gillian Paku\",\"organization\":\"SUNY 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