{"id":69,"date":"2017-07-20T16:28:17","date_gmt":"2017-07-20T16:28:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-geneseo-styleguide2\/chapter\/gerunds\/"},"modified":"2017-07-20T16:28:17","modified_gmt":"2017-07-20T16:28:17","slug":"gerunds","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-geneseo-styleguide2\/chapter\/gerunds\/","title":{"raw":"Gerunds","rendered":"Gerunds"},"content":{"raw":"<p>Gerunds all end in\u00a0<i>-ing<\/i>: <em>skiing<\/em>, <em>reading<\/em>, <em>dancing<\/em>, <em>singing<\/em>, etc.\u00a0Gerunds <strong>act like nouns<\/strong> and can serve as subjects or objects of sentences. Let's take a look at a few examples:\n\nThe following sentences illustrate some uses of gerunds:\n<\/p><ul><li><b>Swimming<\/b> is fun.\n<ul><li>Here, the subject is <em>swimming<\/em>, the gerund.<\/li>\n \t<li>The verb is the linking verb\u00a0<em>is<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/li>\n \t<li>I like <b>swimming<\/b>.\n<ul><li>This time, the subject of this sentence is the pronoun <em>I<\/em>.<\/li>\n \t<li>The verb is <em>like<\/em>.<\/li>\n \t<li>The gerund <em>swimming<\/em> becomes the direct object.<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/li>\n \t<li>I never gave <b>swimming<\/b> all that much effort.\n<ul><li>break these down too<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/li>\n \t<li>Do you fancy <b>going out<\/b>?\n<ul><li>break these down too<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/li>\n \t<li>After\u00a0<b>being elected president<\/b>, he moved with his family to the capital.\n<ul><li>break these down too<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/li>\n<\/ul>\nGerunds\u00a0can be created using helping\u00a0verbs as well:\n<ul><li><b>Being deceived<\/b> can make someone feel angry.<\/li>\n \t<li><b>Having read the book once before<\/b> makes me more prepared.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nOften the \"doer\" of the gerund is clearly signaled:\n<ul><li>We enjoyed <strong>singing<\/strong> yesterday (we ourselves sang)<\/li>\n \t<li>The cat responded by <strong>licking<\/strong> the cream (the cat licked the cream)<\/li>\n \t<li>His heart is set on <strong>being<\/strong> awarded the prize (he hopes that he himself will be awarded the prize)<\/li>\n \t<li>Tom\u00e1s likes <strong>eating<\/strong> apricots (Tom\u00e1s himself\u00a0eats apricots)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nHowever, sometimes the \"doer\" must be overtly specified, typically in a position immediately before the non-finite verb:\n<ul><li>We enjoyed their\u00a0<strong>singing.<\/strong><\/li>\n \t<li>We were delighted at Bianca <strong>being<\/strong> awarded the prize.<\/li>\n<\/ul><div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Practice<\/h3>\nIdentify the gerunds and their roles in the following sentences:\n<ol><li>Sam\u00a0was really bad at gardening.<\/li>\n \t<li>Studying is one of Jazz's favorite things to do.<\/li>\n \t<li>Danny just wanted to go skateboarding.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n[reveal-answer q=\"274304\"]Show Answer[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"274304\"]\n<ol><li>Sam\u00a0was really bad at <strong>gardening<\/strong>.\n<ul><li><em>Gardening<\/em> is the object of the prepositional phrase \"bad at gardening.\"<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/li>\n \t<li><strong>Studying<\/strong> is one of Jazz's favorite things to do.\n<ul><li><em>Studying<\/em> is the subject of the sentence.<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/li>\n \t<li>Danny just wanted to go <strong>skateboarding<\/strong>.\n<ul><li><em>Skateboarding<\/em> is the direct object of the sentence.<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>","rendered":"<p>Gerunds all end in\u00a0<i>-ing<\/i>: <em>skiing<\/em>, <em>reading<\/em>, <em>dancing<\/em>, <em>singing<\/em>, etc.\u00a0Gerunds <strong>act like nouns<\/strong> and can serve as subjects or objects of sentences. Let&#8217;s take a look at a few examples:<\/p>\n<p>The following sentences illustrate some uses of gerunds:\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Swimming<\/b> is fun.\n<ul>\n<li>Here, the subject is <em>swimming<\/em>, the gerund.<\/li>\n<li>The verb is the linking verb\u00a0<em>is<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>I like <b>swimming<\/b>.\n<ul>\n<li>This time, the subject of this sentence is the pronoun <em>I<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>The verb is <em>like<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>The gerund <em>swimming<\/em> becomes the direct object.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>I never gave <b>swimming<\/b> all that much effort.\n<ul>\n<li>break these down too<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Do you fancy <b>going out<\/b>?\n<ul>\n<li>break these down too<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>After\u00a0<b>being elected president<\/b>, he moved with his family to the capital.\n<ul>\n<li>break these down too<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Gerunds\u00a0can be created using helping\u00a0verbs as well:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Being deceived<\/b> can make someone feel angry.<\/li>\n<li><b>Having read the book once before<\/b> makes me more prepared.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Often the &#8220;doer&#8221; of the gerund is clearly signaled:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>We enjoyed <strong>singing<\/strong> yesterday (we ourselves sang)<\/li>\n<li>The cat responded by <strong>licking<\/strong> the cream (the cat licked the cream)<\/li>\n<li>His heart is set on <strong>being<\/strong> awarded the prize (he hopes that he himself will be awarded the prize)<\/li>\n<li>Tom\u00e1s likes <strong>eating<\/strong> apricots (Tom\u00e1s himself\u00a0eats apricots)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>However, sometimes the &#8220;doer&#8221; must be overtly specified, typically in a position immediately before the non-finite verb:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>We enjoyed their\u00a0<strong>singing.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>We were delighted at Bianca <strong>being<\/strong> awarded the prize.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Practice<\/h3>\n<p>Identify the gerunds and their roles in the following sentences:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Sam\u00a0was really bad at gardening.<\/li>\n<li>Studying is one of Jazz&#8217;s favorite things to do.<\/li>\n<li>Danny just wanted to go skateboarding.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"qa-wrapper\" style=\"display: block\"><span class=\"show-answer collapsed\" style=\"cursor: pointer\" data-target=\"q274304\">Show Answer<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"q274304\" class=\"hidden-answer\" style=\"display: none\">\n<ol>\n<li>Sam\u00a0was really bad at <strong>gardening<\/strong>.\n<ul>\n<li><em>Gardening<\/em> is the object of the prepositional phrase &#8220;bad at gardening.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Studying<\/strong> is one of Jazz&#8217;s favorite things to do.\n<ul>\n<li><em>Studying<\/em> is the subject of the sentence.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Danny just wanted to go <strong>skateboarding<\/strong>.\n<ul>\n<li><em>Skateboarding<\/em> is the direct object of the sentence.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-69\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Original<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Revision and Adaptation. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Practice Exercises. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Gerund. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Wikipedia. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gerund\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gerund<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":19,"menu_order":25,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"Revision and Adaptation\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Lumen 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