{"id":572,"date":"2016-09-29T19:19:06","date_gmt":"2016-09-29T19:19:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/geophysical\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=572"},"modified":"2017-04-19T22:05:10","modified_gmt":"2017-04-19T22:05:10","slug":"ground-water-erosion-and-deposition","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-geophysical\/chapter\/ground-water-erosion-and-deposition\/","title":{"raw":"Ground Water Erosion and Deposition","rendered":"Ground Water Erosion and Deposition"},"content":{"raw":"<h2>Cave Formation<\/h2>\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Labeled_speleothems.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img class=\"galleryImageBorder wsite-image alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/567\/2015\/05\/21152843\/470229423.jpg\" alt=\"Picture\" \/><\/a><strong>Ground water<\/strong> is a strong erosional force, as it works to dissolve away solid rock. Carbonic acid is especially good at dissolving the rock limestone. Working slowly over many years, ground water travels along small cracks. The water dissolves and carries away the solid rock gradually enlarging the cracks, eventually forming a cave.Ground water carries the dissolved minerals in solution. The minerals may then be deposited, for example, as <strong>stalagmites<\/strong> or <strong>stalactites<\/strong>.If a stalactite and stalagmite join together, they form a <strong>column<\/strong>. One of the wonders of visiting a cave is to witness the beauty of these amazing and strangely captivating structures. Caves also produce a beautiful rock, formed from calcium carbonate, travertine. Ground water saturated with calcium carbonate precipitates as the mineral calcite or aragonite. Mineral springs that produce travertine can be hot, warm or even cold.If the roof of a cave collapses, a <strong>sinkhole<\/strong> could form. Some sinkholes are large enough to swallow up a home or several homes in a neighborhood.\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/youtu.be\/nzoLZoTqQa8\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/youtu.be\/8U2SvhDaEv0","rendered":"<h2>Cave Formation<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Labeled_speleothems.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"galleryImageBorder wsite-image alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/567\/2015\/05\/21152843\/470229423.jpg\" alt=\"Picture\" \/><\/a><strong>Ground water<\/strong> is a strong erosional force, as it works to dissolve away solid rock. Carbonic acid is especially good at dissolving the rock limestone. Working slowly over many years, ground water travels along small cracks. The water dissolves and carries away the solid rock gradually enlarging the cracks, eventually forming a cave.Ground water carries the dissolved minerals in solution. The minerals may then be deposited, for example, as <strong>stalagmites<\/strong> or <strong>stalactites<\/strong>.If a stalactite and stalagmite join together, they form a <strong>column<\/strong>. One of the wonders of visiting a cave is to witness the beauty of these amazing and strangely captivating structures. Caves also produce a beautiful rock, formed from calcium carbonate, travertine. Ground water saturated with calcium carbonate precipitates as the mineral calcite or aragonite. Mineral springs that produce travertine can be hot, warm or even cold.If the roof of a cave collapses, a <strong>sinkhole<\/strong> could form. Some sinkholes are large enough to swallow up a home or several homes in a neighborhood.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-1\" title=\"Amazing Drone Video Of World&#39;s Largest Cave | msnbc\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/nzoLZoTqQa8?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/youtu.be\/8U2SvhDaEv0<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-572\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Dynamic Earth: Introduction to Physical Geography. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: R. Adam Dastrup. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.opengeography.org\/physical-geography.html\">http:\/\/www.opengeography.org\/physical-geography.html<\/a>. <strong>Project<\/strong>: Open Geography Education. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Labeled speleothems. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Dave Bunnell. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Under Earth Images. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Labeled_speleothems.jpg\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Labeled_speleothems.jpg<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">All rights reserved content<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Amazing Drone Video Of World&#039;s Largest Cave. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: MSNBC. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/nzoLZoTqQa8\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/nzoLZoTqQa8<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em>All Rights Reserved<\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: Standard YouTube License<\/li><li>planet earth caves. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: bikram79. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/8U2SvhDaEv0\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/8U2SvhDaEv0<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em>All Rights Reserved<\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: Standard YouTube License<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":17,"menu_order":10,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Dynamic Earth: Introduction to Physical Geography\",\"author\":\"R. Adam Dastrup\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/www.opengeography.org\/physical-geography.html\",\"project\":\"Open Geography Education\",\"license\":\"cc-by-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Labeled speleothems\",\"author\":\"Dave Bunnell\",\"organization\":\"Under Earth Images\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Labeled_speleothems.jpg\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"copyrighted_video\",\"description\":\"Amazing Drone Video Of World\\'s Largest Cave\",\"author\":\"MSNBC\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/nzoLZoTqQa8\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"arr\",\"license_terms\":\"Standard YouTube License\"},{\"type\":\"copyrighted_video\",\"description\":\"planet earth caves\",\"author\":\"bikram79\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/8U2SvhDaEv0\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"arr\",\"license_terms\":\"Standard YouTube License\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-572","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":540,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-geophysical\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/572","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-geophysical\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-geophysical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-geophysical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-geophysical\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/572\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":578,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-geophysical\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/572\/revisions\/578"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-geophysical\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/540"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-geophysical\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/572\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-geophysical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=572"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-geophysical\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=572"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-geophysical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=572"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-geophysical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=572"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}