{"id":80,"date":"2015-07-21T18:58:21","date_gmt":"2015-07-21T18:58:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.candelalearning.com\/styleforstudents\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=80"},"modified":"2015-07-21T18:58:21","modified_gmt":"2015-07-21T18:58:21","slug":"etc","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hccc-styleforstudents-1\/chapter\/etc\/","title":{"raw":"etc.","rendered":"etc."},"content":{"raw":"<div id=\"node-1897\" class=\"node\">\r\n<div class=\"content clear-block\">\r\n\r\nThis abbreviation means, literally, \u201cand other things.\u201d Many professors urge against using etc. in formal writing because it is, by definition, nonspecific, but it can be used effectively when you have responsibly chosen representative constituents in order to avoid a cumbersome list:\r\n<blockquote>All prime numbers between 1 and 101 (2, 3, 5, 7, 11, etc.) were transmitted by the pulsing signal in the movie <em>Contact<\/em>.<\/blockquote>\r\nTacking on \u201cetc.\u201d at the end of a list introduced by \u201cfor example\u201d or \u201csuch as\u201d is sloppy, because \u201cfor example\u201d suggests that you have already carefully selected and presented the key constituents, which the \u201cetc.\u201d then undermines. Good alternatives to \u201cetc.\u201d are \u201cfor example,\u201d or \u201csuch as\u201d followed by just a few concrete representative examples that best demonstrate your point.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"clear-block\"><\/div>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div id=\"node-1897\" class=\"node\">\n<div class=\"content clear-block\">\n<p>This abbreviation means, literally, \u201cand other things.\u201d Many professors urge against using etc. in formal writing because it is, by definition, nonspecific, but it can be used effectively when you have responsibly chosen representative constituents in order to avoid a cumbersome list:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>All prime numbers between 1 and 101 (2, 3, 5, 7, 11, etc.) were transmitted by the pulsing signal in the movie <em>Contact<\/em>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Tacking on \u201cetc.\u201d at the end of a list introduced by \u201cfor example\u201d or \u201csuch as\u201d is sloppy, because \u201cfor example\u201d suggests that you have already carefully selected and presented the key constituents, which the \u201cetc.\u201d then undermines. Good alternatives to \u201cetc.\u201d are \u201cfor example,\u201d or \u201csuch as\u201d followed by just a few concrete representative examples that best demonstrate your point.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"clear-block\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-80\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Style For Students Online. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Joe Schall. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: The Pennsylvania State University. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.e-education.psu.edu\/styleforstudents\/\">https:\/\/www.e-education.psu.edu\/styleforstudents\/<\/a>. <strong>Project<\/strong>: Penn State&#039;s College of Earth and Mineral Sciences&#039; OER Initiative. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":9,"menu_order":29,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Style For Students Online\",\"author\":\"Joe Schall\",\"organization\":\"The Pennsylvania State University\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.e-education.psu.edu\/styleforstudents\/\",\"project\":\"Penn State\\'s College of Earth and Mineral Sciences\\' OER Initiative\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-80","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":51,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hccc-styleforstudents-1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/80","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hccc-styleforstudents-1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hccc-styleforstudents-1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hccc-styleforstudents-1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hccc-styleforstudents-1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/80\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":294,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hccc-styleforstudents-1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/80\/revisions\/294"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hccc-styleforstudents-1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/51"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hccc-styleforstudents-1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/80\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hccc-styleforstudents-1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=80"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hccc-styleforstudents-1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=80"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hccc-styleforstudents-1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=80"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hccc-styleforstudents-1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=80"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}