{"id":148,"date":"2018-07-22T17:37:33","date_gmt":"2018-07-22T17:37:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hccc-worldreligion\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=148"},"modified":"2018-07-22T17:37:33","modified_gmt":"2018-07-22T17:37:33","slug":"links-and-attributions-10","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hccc-worldreligion\/chapter\/links-and-attributions-10\/","title":{"raw":"Links and Attributions","rendered":"Links and Attributions"},"content":{"raw":"<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Special thanks to the Microsoft Corporation for their contribution to our site.\u00a0 The information above came from Microsoft Encarta. Here is a hyperlink to the Microsoft Encarta home page.\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.encarta.msn.com\/\">http:\/\/www.encarta.msn.com<\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Related Sites:<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>What Are the \u2018Five Pillars\u2019 of Islam?<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm\">http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm<\/a>\r\n\r\n<strong>The Quran on Human Embryonic Development<\/strong>:\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm\">http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm<\/a>\r\n\r\n<strong>The Quran on the Origin of the Universe<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm\">http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm<\/a>\r\n\r\n<strong>Sc<\/strong><strong>ientists\u2019 Comments on the Scientific Miracles in the Holy Quran:<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm\">http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm<\/a>\r\n\r\n<strong>What Does Islam Say about Terrorism?<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm\">http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm<\/a>\r\n\r\n<strong>Life after death, the Day of Judgment, Paradise, and Hellfire<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.orst.edu\/groups\/msa\/books\/life.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.orst.edu\/groups\/msa\/books\/life.html<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.iad.org\/books\/WAMY6.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.iad.org\/books\/WAMY6.html<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm\">http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm<\/a>\r\n\r\n<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/islam-lecture-1.ram\">What is the Purpose of Life?<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<strong><em>A Brief Illustrated Guide to Understanding Islam<\/em>, and more (from E-BOOK)<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/\">http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/<\/a>\r\n\r\n<strong>Jesus in Islam<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.irshad.org\/idara\/qadiani\/monthly\/071999.htm\">http:\/\/www.irshad.org\/idara\/qadiani\/monthly\/071999.htm<\/a>\r\n\r\n<strong>Human Rights In Islam<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.usc.edu\/dept\/MSA\/humanrelations\/humanrights\/\">http:\/\/www.usc.edu\/dept\/MSA\/humanrelations\/humanrights\/<\/a>\r\n\r\n<strong>\u00a0Following the Messenger of Allah is a must<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>Sunna the second book that has to follow:<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.uh.edu\/campus\/msa\/\">http:\/\/www.uh.edu\/campus\/msa\/<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.unn.ac.uk\/societies\/islamic\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.unn.ac.uk\/societies\/islamic<\/a> <strong>University at Buffalo<\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/wings.buffalo.edu\/student-life\/sa\/muslim\/isl\/isl.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/wings.buffalo.edu\/student-life\/sa\/muslim\/isl\/isl.html<\/a><strong>Specific answers about life after death<\/strong>\r\n\r\n3<a href=\"http:\/\/www.muslim.org\/islam\/int-is35.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.muslim.org\/islam\/int-is35.htm<\/a><strong>About prayer<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.muslim.org\/islam\/int-is41.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.muslim.org\/islam\/int-is41.htm<\/a><strong>Women in Islam<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm\">http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.iad.org\/books\/GEI.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.iad.org\/books\/GEI.html<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.muslim-answers.org\/w-status.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.muslim-answers.org\/w-status.htm<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.icna.org\/Dawah\/brochure_statusofwoman.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.icna.org\/Dawah\/brochure_statusofwoman.htm<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.muslim.org\/islam\/int-is42.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.muslim.org\/islam\/int-is42.htm<\/a><strong>Women: polygamy<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.jamaat.org\/islam\/WomanPolygamy.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.jamaat.org\/islam\/WomanPolygamy.html<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.orst.edu\/groups\/msa\/pl1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.orst.edu\/groups\/msa\/pl1.html<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/islam.org\/mosque\/w_islam\/poly.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/islam.org\/mosque\/w_islam\/poly.htm<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.kfupm.edu.sa\/islam\/humanrelations\/womeninislam\/polygamy.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.kfupm.edu.sa\/islam\/humanrelations\/womeninislam\/polygamy.html<\/a><strong>On the Hajj<\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.muslim.org\/islam\/int-is43.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 http:\/\/www.muslim.org\/islam\/int-is43.htm<\/a>\r\n<strong>On Charity\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.muslim.org\/islam\/int-is44.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.muslim.org\/islam\/int-is44.htm<\/a>\r\n<strong>On Allah: God\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.muslim.org\/islam\/int-is31.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.muslim.org\/islam\/int-is31.htm<\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Related Sites:<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><a href=\"http:\/\/www.academicinfo.net\/Islam.html\">http:\/\/www.academicinfo.net\/Islam.html<\/a>\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><a href=\"http:\/\/www.academicinfo.net\/Islammeta.html\"><strong>Indexes &amp; Directories<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td><a href=\"http:\/\/www.academicinfo.net\/Islamlaw.html\"><strong>Law<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><a href=\"http:\/\/www.academicinfo.net\/Islamref.html\"><strong>Reference Desk<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td><a href=\"http:\/\/www.academicinfo.net\/chinarelig.html#Islam\"><strong>Muslims in China<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><a href=\"http:\/\/www.academicinfo.net\/Islamlibrary.html\"><strong>Digital Library\u00a0<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td><a href=\"http:\/\/www.academicinfo.net\/langarabic.html\"><strong>Arabic Study<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><a href=\"http:\/\/www.academicinfo.net\/religwomislam.html\"><strong>Women in Islam<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.al-islam.org\/\"><strong>Al-Islam<\/strong><\/a><strong>\r\n<\/strong>\"Our objectives are to digitise and present on the Internet quality Islamic resources, related to the history, law, practice, and society of the Islamic religion and the Muslim peoples with particular emphasis on Twelver Shia Islamic school of thought.\"\r\nA very well organized Shiite site with 'icon keys' to indicate whether the listing is for beginners, a photographic resource, media resource or external link.\r\nBy the Ahlul Bayt Digital Islamic Library Project\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<td><a href=\"http:\/\/www.al-islam.org\/index\/main3.htm#women\">Al-Islam - Women\r\n<\/a>\"This link focuses on misconceptions about women and Islam.\"<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/members.xoom.com\/almuntazar\/\">Al-Muntazar Islamic Web Center<\/a>\r\n\"A collection of Islamic Articles, Islamic Screen Savers, Wallpapers, Islamic Images, Doas on Imame Zaman (a.s.), Tawalla &amp; Tabarra.\"\r\nBy Azhar Ajani &amp; Ejaz Ajani\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.unn.ac.uk\/societies\/islamic\/about\/\"><strong>About Al-Islam and Muslims<\/strong><\/a>\r\n\"The aims of this page are to provide accurate information about Islamic Beliefs, history and civilization for Muslims and Non-Muslims. We would like to extend our hand in friendship to ALL (Muslims, Christians, Jews, Hindus, Sikhs etc). We would also like to invite everyone to spare a few moments of their life to read and think.\"\r\nA large practice oriented subject listing\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.islam.findhere.com\/\"><strong>Ar-Refai Islamic Website<\/strong><\/a>\r\nA well organized and extensive collection of general and academic resources.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/homepages.iol.ie\/~afifi\/\">Belfast Mosque &amp; BICNews\r\n<\/a>\"Our Web site contains useful information on Islam and Q&amp;A by the late Shaykh Dr. Darsh, chairman of the UK Shari'ah Council. It also stores contemporary &amp; lively articles.\"\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<td><a href=\"http:\/\/homepages.iol.ie\/~afifi\/Articles\/articles.htm\">Articles Published<\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;&lt;font\" size=\"2\" face=\"MS Sans Serif\" &lt;font=\"\"&gt;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.emamreza.net\/eng\/index.htm\">Emam Reze (A.S.) Network<\/a>\u00a0(Arabic and English)\r\n\"This site features the Life of Imam Reza (A.S.), the Holy Shrine of Imam Reza (A.S.), History of the Holy City of Mashhad (Iran) and useful link to all the important Islamic sites.\"&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;&lt;\/font\"&gt;\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.xs4all.nl\/~siend\/english\/index.html\"><strong>The Foundation of Islam and Dialogue<\/strong><\/a>\r\n\"Mission Statement To emphasize that Islam is based on principles such as affection, compassion, mercy, and tolerance and certainly not on violence, hostility, and terror; that all religions are based on these principles and therefore all conflicts of the past should be abandoned in order to initiate a warm dialogue and to free our world from the agony of war and conflict, carrying her into a peaceful and fortunate future.\"\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.islamic-studies.org\/\"><strong>Institute of Islamic Studies - London<\/strong>\r\n<\/a>\"...aims to examine, facilitate and co-ordinate research in the fields of\u00a0 Islamic history, literature, arts, culture and civilization in close co-operation with the scholars who are actively\u00a0 engaged in quality researches in these fields...It intends to facilitate academic debates and discussions on issues that are thought to be highly important to Iran, Middle East, Northern Africa, other Muslim Countries and the Muslim communities living in Europe and North America.\"\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/\"><strong>Islam Guide<\/strong><\/a><strong>\r\n<\/strong>A Brief Illustrated Guide to Understanding Islam\r\n\"This Islamic site is for non-Muslims who would like to understand Islam, Muslims (Moslems), and the Holy Quran (Koran).\u00a0 It is rich in information, references, and bibliography.\u00a0 It has been reviewed and edited by many professors.\u00a0 It is simple to read, yet contains much scientific information.\"\r\n\r\n<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.islamworld.net\/\">The Islam Page<\/a><\/strong>\r\n\r\nBoth practice and academic selections. Includes sections on Islamic movements, history, dictionaries, texts, women, Hajj, pictures, chat rooms, Islamic countries among others.\r\nA wonderful Resource\r\nProduced by Ibrahim Shafi\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/empires\/islam\/\"><strong>Islam: Empire of Faith<\/strong><\/a>\r\nSections include Faith ; Culture ; Innovation ; Profiles ; Timeline ; Educational Resources.\r\nPBS Online\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.arches.uga.edu\/~godlas\/\">Islamic Studies, Arabic, and Religion Web Page<\/a>\r\nAn important academic site that includes language aids, maps, art, music, history, texts, a glossary, sections on Sunni Islam, Sufism, and a lot more.\r\nMaintained by Alan Godlas, Associate Professor of Religion, University of Georgia\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.lamp.ac.uk\/cis\/pathways\/\"><strong>Islamic Studies Pathways<\/strong><\/a>\r\nA useful collection of religious &amp; political links with ratings\r\nBy Gary R. Bunt, Dept. of Theology, Religious Studies &amp; Islamic Studies, University of Wales, Lampeter\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/wings.buffalo.edu\/sa\/muslim\/isl\/isl.html\"><strong>Islamic Texts and Resources Metapage<\/strong><\/a>\r\n\"An Attempt to Provide a 'Springboard' for Exploring Texts and Resources on Islamic Thought, Ideas, and Related Issues. Although there is a fine line between the histories of Islamic thought and Muslim civilization, it is useful to treat the study of Islam, the faith, somewhat differently than history, politics and analysis of Muslim peoples.\"\r\nIncludes introductory texts, scriptures and prophetic traditions, and Islamic language and art resources\r\nMaintained by MSA @ University of Buffalo\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.musalman.com\/\"><strong>Musalman.com<\/strong><\/a>\r\nThe Islamic Portal\r\nAn Islam Start Page and Islamic Search Engine\r\nIncludes Muslim News and Multi Media Gateway, Direct Link to US Congress, Current News of Interest to the Muslim World, Event Listing, CharityNet, and Employment Opportunities\r\nA professional layout with a broad depth of coverage.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www-personal.umich.edu\/~jrcole\/sufi.htm\"><strong>Sufi and 'Irfan Links<\/strong><\/a>\r\n\"Links to sites concerning Islamic mysticism, whether organized as orders (Sufism) or taking the form of theosophical speculation (`Irfan).\"\r\nBy Juan R.I. Cole, Dept. of History, University of Michigan\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.arches.uga.edu\/~godlas\/Sufism.html\"><strong>Sufism, Sufis, and Sufi Orders<\/strong><\/a>\r\nSufism's Many Paths\r\nA well organized academic site including a useful introduction, selected Sufis, Sufi Orders and their Shaykhs.\r\nBy Dr. Alan Godlas, University of Georgia\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/talkislam.com\/\"><strong>Talk Islam<\/strong><\/a>\r\nIslamic Directory and Search Engine\r\n\"...a library of Islam-related and general websites and links on the Internet categorized according to topic and subject matter.\"\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.understanding-islam.com\/\"><strong>Understanding Islam<\/strong><\/a>\r\n\"This site epitomizes a movement. A movement to reform intellectual stagnation. This is an attempt to go back to the original sources of Islam -- the Qur'an and the\u00a0<em>Sunnah<\/em>, in a time when blind acquiescence is in vogue...In our pages you will find us working towards these objectives by explaining Islam from various aspects and by responding to criticisms and queries. This in fact is an academic effort targeted towards understanding of Islam and any abusive or emotional attitude in its response will not be a deterrence. However, it would be appropriate to mention two additional features of the site. Firstly, the inclusion of our Urdu articles under the title of 'Ishraq'. Secondly, in the near future, rendering of different issues in the form of brief audio files.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thewaytotruth.org\/\"><strong>The Way to Truth<\/strong><\/a>\r\nUnderstanding Islamic Religion\r\nThis well designed site includes a lengthy index of categories to choose from as well as selected readings.\u00a0 The site is especially useful for anyone wanting a thorough introduction to Islam.\r\n<strong>Additional Sites of Interest<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/members.aol.com\/ChrSzyska\/homepage.htm\">Adab Islami<\/a>\r\nLiterature of Islamic Writers\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/allama-mashriqi.8m.com\/\">Allama Mashriqi - Scholar and Founder of the Khaksar Movement<\/a>\r\n\"Allama Mashriqi was a Scholar and Founder of the KHAKSAR MOVEMENT in Indo-Pakistan. He had a large number of followers who were devoted to his movement. He was a genius and earned many different types of degrees and broke all previous records at the Punjab University in Pakistan, and at the Oxford and Cambridge Universities of England.\"\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/muslim-canada.org\/\">Canadian Society of Muslims<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ust.edu\/cales\/\">Center for Arabic Language &amp; Eastern Studies (CALES)<\/a>\r\n\"Devoted to teaching Arabic as a foreign language to non-native speakers, the Center (aka CALES) has attracted graduate and undergraduate students from the leading universities in North America and Europe.\"\r\nUniversity of Science &amp; Technology, Sana'a, Republic of Yemen\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.uct.ac.za\/depts\/religion\/cci.htm\">Centre for Contemporary Islam\r\n<\/a>University of Cape Town\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.lamp.ac.uk\/cis\/\">Centre for Islamic Studies\r\n<\/a>University of Wales\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.best.com\/~informe\/mateen\/haqqani.html\">Haqqani Foundation Home Page<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.webcom.com\/vural\/Eng\/homeeng.html\">Harun Yahya Series<\/a>\r\nHARUN YAHYA (Istanbul) is the author of numerous books on Quranic topics, on the marvels of Allah's creation, on the collapse of the theory of evolution and on political issues related with the Muslim world.\r\nIncludes Topics on Faith\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.usc.edu\/dept\/MSA\/humanrelations\/womeninislam\/whatishijab.html\">Hijab\u00a0<\/a>\r\nThe Institute of Islamic Information and Education\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/akhtar-hameed-khan.8m.com\/\">In Memory of Dr. Akhtar Hameed Khan<\/a>\r\n\"Dr. Akhtar Hameed Khan: A Social Scientist. Millions benefited from his Orangi Pilot Project and Comilla Rural Academy. Michigan State University awarded Honorary Doctorate. Recipient of Hilal-e-Pakistan, Sitra-i-Pakistan, Magsaysay Award..\"\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.hammoude.com\/\">International Muslimah Artist Net<\/a>\r\nAn International Organization Created By and For Muslim Women Artists\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/iias.leidenuniv.nl\/\">International Institute of Islamic Thought<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.secularislam.org\/\">International Society for Islamic Secularization<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.islam101.com\/\"><strong>Islam 101<\/strong><\/a>\r\n\"...is an educational site on Islam, its way of life, civilization and culture. It includes an\u00a0 introductory course on Islam and presents Islamic views on\u00a0 contemporary issues. The\u00a0 section on comparative religious studies has articles on the commonality and differences between Islam and other religions.\"\r\nThe Sabr Foundation\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.icofa.com\/\">Islamic Center of America<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.al-islam.org\/gallery\/index.htm\">The Islamic Gallery<\/a>\r\nSights 'n' Sounds of Islam\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/umcc.ais.org\/~islam\/\"><strong>Islamic Interlink<\/strong><\/a>\r\nThe Directory of Islam on the Internet\r\nSections include: Belief &amp; Practice ; The Qur'an ; The Prophet ; Muslim World ; Islam and ... ; Understanding Islam ; Organizations ; Islamic History ; Muslim Authors ; Muslims &amp; Media ; Comparative Religions ; Internet Resources.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.mtoshahmaghsoudi.com\/\">M.T.O. Shahmaghsoudi (School of Islamic Sufism)<\/a>\r\nA nonprofit religious and educational organization.\r\nTopics include About Sufism, History, Principles, Genealogy, Sufi Master, Teachings, Publications, Activities, Centers.\r\nA beautiful site.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/moonsighting.com\/\">Moonsighting with Astronomy<\/a>\r\nOn Moon-sighting, Islamic Calendar, Prayer Schedule, and Qibla Direction.\r\nMaintained by Khalid Shaukat\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.erols.com\/zenithco\/\">Muslim Scientists, Mathematicians and Astronomers<\/a>\r\nBefore European Renaissance, 700-1500 C.E.\r\nBy A. Zahoor\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/muhammad.net\/\"><strong>Prophet Muhammad<\/strong><\/a>\r\nBiography, Mission and the Message of Muhammad - the Prophet of Islam\r\nThe Sabr Foundation\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/hyperion.advanced.org\/16661\/\">Totally Tessellated<\/a>\r\n\"Included is an extensive historical gallery which draws images from many sources. Mathematics-oriented, user-friendly tutorials filled with helpful illustrations and animations help users understand and create tessellations.\"\r\nIncludes a large selection of Islamic patterns.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.geocities.com\/Athens\/Agora\/4229\/contents.html\"><strong>Who is Our Savior?<\/strong><\/a>\r\nBy Mohamed Ghounem &amp; Abdur Rahman\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.usc.edu\/dept\/MSA\/humanrelations\/womeninislam\/\"><strong>Women in Islam<\/strong>\r\n<\/a>From the Islamic Center of Southern California\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.usc.edu\/dept\/MSA\/humanrelations\/womeninislam\/womeninsociety.html\">Women in Islamic Society\r\n<\/a>By Prof. Abdur Rahman I. Doi Professor and Director, Center for Islamic Legal Studies, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaira, Nigeria.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.usc.edu\/dept\/MSA\/humanrelations\/womeninislam\/womenquransunnah.html\"><strong>Women in the Quran and the Sunnah<\/strong>\r\n<\/a>By Prof. Abdur Rahman I. Doi Professor and Director, Center for Islamic Legal Studies, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaira, Nigeria.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.connect.ab.ca\/~lfahlman\/wcomwf.htm\"><strong>World Council of Muslim Women Foundation<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>SACRED TEXTS<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.sacred-texts.com\/isl\/index.htm\">http:\/\/www.sacred-texts.com\/isl\/index.htm<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/wings.buffalo.edu\/sa\/muslim\/isl\/texts.html\">http:\/\/wings.buffalo.edu\/sa\/muslim\/isl\/texts.html<\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>Links and Sites<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>Contributors:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0<strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Md a alam ( 2001)<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\r\n<em>\u00a9 Copyright Philip A. Pecorino 2001. All Rights reserved.<\/em>\r\n\r\n<em>Web Surfer's Caveat: These are class notes, intended to comment on readings and amplify class discussion. They should be read as such. They are not intended for publication or general distribution.<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>","rendered":"<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Special thanks to the Microsoft Corporation for their contribution to our site.\u00a0 The information above came from Microsoft Encarta. Here is a hyperlink to the Microsoft Encarta home page.\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.encarta.msn.com\/\">http:\/\/www.encarta.msn.com<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Related Sites:<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>What Are the \u2018Five Pillars\u2019 of Islam?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm\">http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>The Quran on Human Embryonic Development<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm\">http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>The Quran on the Origin of the Universe<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm\">http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Sc<\/strong><strong>ientists\u2019 Comments on the Scientific Miracles in the Holy Quran:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm\">http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>What Does Islam Say about Terrorism?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm\">http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Life after death, the Day of Judgment, Paradise, and Hellfire<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.orst.edu\/groups\/msa\/books\/life.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.orst.edu\/groups\/msa\/books\/life.html<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.iad.org\/books\/WAMY6.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.iad.org\/books\/WAMY6.html<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm\">http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/islam-lecture-1.ram\">What is the Purpose of Life?<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>A Brief Illustrated Guide to Understanding Islam<\/em>, and more (from E-BOOK)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/\">http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Jesus in Islam<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.irshad.org\/idara\/qadiani\/monthly\/071999.htm\">http:\/\/www.irshad.org\/idara\/qadiani\/monthly\/071999.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Human Rights In Islam<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.usc.edu\/dept\/MSA\/humanrelations\/humanrights\/\">http:\/\/www.usc.edu\/dept\/MSA\/humanrelations\/humanrights\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Following the Messenger of Allah is a must<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Sunna the second book that has to follow:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.uh.edu\/campus\/msa\/\">http:\/\/www.uh.edu\/campus\/msa\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.unn.ac.uk\/societies\/islamic\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.unn.ac.uk\/societies\/islamic<\/a> <strong>University at Buffalo<\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/wings.buffalo.edu\/student-life\/sa\/muslim\/isl\/isl.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/wings.buffalo.edu\/student-life\/sa\/muslim\/isl\/isl.html<\/a><strong>Specific answers about life after death<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>3<a href=\"http:\/\/www.muslim.org\/islam\/int-is35.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.muslim.org\/islam\/int-is35.htm<\/a><strong>About prayer<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.muslim.org\/islam\/int-is41.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.muslim.org\/islam\/int-is41.htm<\/a><strong>Women in Islam<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm\">http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/frm-ch1-1-a.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.iad.org\/books\/GEI.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.iad.org\/books\/GEI.html<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.muslim-answers.org\/w-status.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.muslim-answers.org\/w-status.htm<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.icna.org\/Dawah\/brochure_statusofwoman.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.icna.org\/Dawah\/brochure_statusofwoman.htm<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.muslim.org\/islam\/int-is42.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.muslim.org\/islam\/int-is42.htm<\/a><strong>Women: polygamy<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jamaat.org\/islam\/WomanPolygamy.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.jamaat.org\/islam\/WomanPolygamy.html<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.orst.edu\/groups\/msa\/pl1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.orst.edu\/groups\/msa\/pl1.html<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/islam.org\/mosque\/w_islam\/poly.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/islam.org\/mosque\/w_islam\/poly.htm<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.kfupm.edu.sa\/islam\/humanrelations\/womeninislam\/polygamy.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.kfupm.edu.sa\/islam\/humanrelations\/womeninislam\/polygamy.html<\/a><strong>On the Hajj<\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.muslim.org\/islam\/int-is43.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 http:\/\/www.muslim.org\/islam\/int-is43.htm<\/a><br \/>\n<strong>On Charity\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.muslim.org\/islam\/int-is44.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.muslim.org\/islam\/int-is44.htm<\/a><br \/>\n<strong>On Allah: God\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.muslim.org\/islam\/int-is31.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.muslim.org\/islam\/int-is31.htm<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Related Sites:<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"http:\/\/www.academicinfo.net\/Islam.html\">http:\/\/www.academicinfo.net\/Islam.html<\/a><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"http:\/\/www.academicinfo.net\/Islammeta.html\"><strong>Indexes &amp; Directories<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"http:\/\/www.academicinfo.net\/Islamlaw.html\"><strong>Law<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"http:\/\/www.academicinfo.net\/Islamref.html\"><strong>Reference Desk<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"http:\/\/www.academicinfo.net\/chinarelig.html#Islam\"><strong>Muslims in China<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"http:\/\/www.academicinfo.net\/Islamlibrary.html\"><strong>Digital Library\u00a0<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"http:\/\/www.academicinfo.net\/langarabic.html\"><strong>Arabic Study<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"http:\/\/www.academicinfo.net\/religwomislam.html\"><strong>Women in Islam<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.al-islam.org\/\"><strong>Al-Islam<\/strong><\/a><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong>&#8220;Our objectives are to digitise and present on the Internet quality Islamic resources, related to the history, law, practice, and society of the Islamic religion and the Muslim peoples with particular emphasis on Twelver Shia Islamic school of thought.&#8221;<br \/>\nA very well organized Shiite site with &#8216;icon keys&#8217; to indicate whether the listing is for beginners, a photographic resource, media resource or external link.<br \/>\nBy the Ahlul Bayt Digital Islamic Library Project<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"http:\/\/www.al-islam.org\/index\/main3.htm#women\">Al-Islam &#8211; Women<br \/>\n<\/a>&#8220;This link focuses on misconceptions about women and Islam.&#8221;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/members.xoom.com\/almuntazar\/\">Al-Muntazar Islamic Web Center<\/a><br \/>\n&#8220;A collection of Islamic Articles, Islamic Screen Savers, Wallpapers, Islamic Images, Doas on Imame Zaman (a.s.), Tawalla &amp; Tabarra.&#8221;<br \/>\nBy Azhar Ajani &amp; Ejaz Ajani<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.unn.ac.uk\/societies\/islamic\/about\/\"><strong>About Al-Islam and Muslims<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\n&#8220;The aims of this page are to provide accurate information about Islamic Beliefs, history and civilization for Muslims and Non-Muslims. We would like to extend our hand in friendship to ALL (Muslims, Christians, Jews, Hindus, Sikhs etc). We would also like to invite everyone to spare a few moments of their life to read and think.&#8221;<br \/>\nA large practice oriented subject listing<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.islam.findhere.com\/\"><strong>Ar-Refai Islamic Website<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\nA well organized and extensive collection of general and academic resources.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/homepages.iol.ie\/~afifi\/\">Belfast Mosque &amp; BICNews<br \/>\n<\/a>&#8220;Our Web site contains useful information on Islam and Q&amp;A by the late Shaykh Dr. Darsh, chairman of the UK Shari&#8217;ah Council. It also stores contemporary &amp; lively articles.&#8221;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"http:\/\/homepages.iol.ie\/~afifi\/Articles\/articles.htm\">Articles Published<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; 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&lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;font&#8221; size=&#8221;2&#8243; face=&#8221;MS Sans Serif&#8221; &lt;font=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.emamreza.net\/eng\/index.htm\">Emam Reze (A.S.) Network<\/a>\u00a0(Arabic and English)<br \/>\n&#8220;This site features the Life of Imam Reza (A.S.), the Holy Shrine of Imam Reza (A.S.), History of the Holy City of Mashhad (Iran) and useful link to all the important Islamic sites.&#8221;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/font&#8221;&gt;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.xs4all.nl\/~siend\/english\/index.html\"><strong>The Foundation of Islam and Dialogue<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\n&#8220;Mission Statement To emphasize that Islam is based on principles such as affection, compassion, mercy, and tolerance and certainly not on violence, hostility, and terror; that all religions are based on these principles and therefore all conflicts of the past should be abandoned in order to initiate a warm dialogue and to free our world from the agony of war and conflict, carrying her into a peaceful and fortunate future.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.islamic-studies.org\/\"><strong>Institute of Islamic Studies &#8211; London<\/strong><br \/>\n<\/a>&#8220;&#8230;aims to examine, facilitate and co-ordinate research in the fields of\u00a0 Islamic history, literature, arts, culture and civilization in close co-operation with the scholars who are actively\u00a0 engaged in quality researches in these fields&#8230;It intends to facilitate academic debates and discussions on issues that are thought to be highly important to Iran, Middle East, Northern Africa, other Muslim Countries and the Muslim communities living in Europe and North America.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.islam-guide.com\/\"><strong>Islam Guide<\/strong><\/a><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong>A Brief Illustrated Guide to Understanding Islam<br \/>\n&#8220;This Islamic site is for non-Muslims who would like to understand Islam, Muslims (Moslems), and the Holy Quran (Koran).\u00a0 It is rich in information, references, and bibliography.\u00a0 It has been reviewed and edited by many professors.\u00a0 It is simple to read, yet contains much scientific information.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.islamworld.net\/\">The Islam Page<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Both practice and academic selections. Includes sections on Islamic movements, history, dictionaries, texts, women, Hajj, pictures, chat rooms, Islamic countries among others.<br \/>\nA wonderful Resource<br \/>\nProduced by Ibrahim Shafi<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/empires\/islam\/\"><strong>Islam: Empire of Faith<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\nSections include Faith ; Culture ; Innovation ; Profiles ; Timeline ; Educational Resources.<br \/>\nPBS Online<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.arches.uga.edu\/~godlas\/\">Islamic Studies, Arabic, and Religion Web Page<\/a><br \/>\nAn important academic site that includes language aids, maps, art, music, history, texts, a glossary, sections on Sunni Islam, Sufism, and a lot more.<br \/>\nMaintained by Alan Godlas, Associate Professor of Religion, University of Georgia<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lamp.ac.uk\/cis\/pathways\/\"><strong>Islamic Studies Pathways<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\nA useful collection of religious &amp; political links with ratings<br \/>\nBy Gary R. Bunt, Dept. of Theology, Religious Studies &amp; Islamic Studies, University of Wales, Lampeter<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wings.buffalo.edu\/sa\/muslim\/isl\/isl.html\"><strong>Islamic Texts and Resources Metapage<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\n&#8220;An Attempt to Provide a &#8216;Springboard&#8217; for Exploring Texts and Resources on Islamic Thought, Ideas, and Related Issues. Although there is a fine line between the histories of Islamic thought and Muslim civilization, it is useful to treat the study of Islam, the faith, somewhat differently than history, politics and analysis of Muslim peoples.&#8221;<br \/>\nIncludes introductory texts, scriptures and prophetic traditions, and Islamic language and art resources<br \/>\nMaintained by MSA @ University of Buffalo<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.musalman.com\/\"><strong>Musalman.com<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\nThe Islamic Portal<br \/>\nAn Islam Start Page and Islamic Search Engine<br \/>\nIncludes Muslim News and Multi Media Gateway, Direct Link to US Congress, Current News of Interest to the Muslim World, Event Listing, CharityNet, and Employment Opportunities<br \/>\nA professional layout with a broad depth of coverage.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www-personal.umich.edu\/~jrcole\/sufi.htm\"><strong>Sufi and &#8216;Irfan Links<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\n&#8220;Links to sites concerning Islamic mysticism, whether organized as orders (Sufism) or taking the form of theosophical speculation (`Irfan).&#8221;<br \/>\nBy Juan R.I. Cole, Dept. of History, University of Michigan<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.arches.uga.edu\/~godlas\/Sufism.html\"><strong>Sufism, Sufis, and Sufi Orders<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\nSufism&#8217;s Many Paths<br \/>\nA well organized academic site including a useful introduction, selected Sufis, Sufi Orders and their Shaykhs.<br \/>\nBy Dr. Alan Godlas, University of Georgia<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/talkislam.com\/\"><strong>Talk Islam<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\nIslamic Directory and Search Engine<br \/>\n&#8220;&#8230;a library of Islam-related and general websites and links on the Internet categorized according to topic and subject matter.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.understanding-islam.com\/\"><strong>Understanding Islam<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\n&#8220;This site epitomizes a movement. A movement to reform intellectual stagnation. This is an attempt to go back to the original sources of Islam &#8212; the Qur&#8217;an and the\u00a0<em>Sunnah<\/em>, in a time when blind acquiescence is in vogue&#8230;In our pages you will find us working towards these objectives by explaining Islam from various aspects and by responding to criticisms and queries. This in fact is an academic effort targeted towards understanding of Islam and any abusive or emotional attitude in its response will not be a deterrence. However, it would be appropriate to mention two additional features of the site. Firstly, the inclusion of our Urdu articles under the title of &#8216;Ishraq&#8217;. Secondly, in the near future, rendering of different issues in the form of brief audio files.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thewaytotruth.org\/\"><strong>The Way to Truth<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\nUnderstanding Islamic Religion<br \/>\nThis well designed site includes a lengthy index of categories to choose from as well as selected readings.\u00a0 The site is especially useful for anyone wanting a thorough introduction to Islam.<br \/>\n<strong>Additional Sites of Interest<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/members.aol.com\/ChrSzyska\/homepage.htm\">Adab Islami<\/a><br \/>\nLiterature of Islamic Writers<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/allama-mashriqi.8m.com\/\">Allama Mashriqi &#8211; Scholar and Founder of the Khaksar Movement<\/a><br \/>\n&#8220;Allama Mashriqi was a Scholar and Founder of the KHAKSAR MOVEMENT in Indo-Pakistan. He had a large number of followers who were devoted to his movement. He was a genius and earned many different types of degrees and broke all previous records at the Punjab University in Pakistan, and at the Oxford and Cambridge Universities of England.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/muslim-canada.org\/\">Canadian Society of Muslims<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ust.edu\/cales\/\">Center for Arabic Language &amp; Eastern Studies (CALES)<\/a><br \/>\n&#8220;Devoted to teaching Arabic as a foreign language to non-native speakers, the Center (aka CALES) has attracted graduate and undergraduate students from the leading universities in North America and Europe.&#8221;<br \/>\nUniversity of Science &amp; Technology, Sana&#8217;a, Republic of Yemen<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.uct.ac.za\/depts\/religion\/cci.htm\">Centre for Contemporary Islam<br \/>\n<\/a>University of Cape Town<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lamp.ac.uk\/cis\/\">Centre for Islamic Studies<br \/>\n<\/a>University of Wales<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.best.com\/~informe\/mateen\/haqqani.html\">Haqqani Foundation Home Page<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.webcom.com\/vural\/Eng\/homeeng.html\">Harun Yahya Series<\/a><br \/>\nHARUN YAHYA (Istanbul) is the author of numerous books on Quranic topics, on the marvels of Allah&#8217;s creation, on the collapse of the theory of evolution and on political issues related with the Muslim world.<br \/>\nIncludes Topics on Faith<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.usc.edu\/dept\/MSA\/humanrelations\/womeninislam\/whatishijab.html\">Hijab\u00a0<\/a><br \/>\nThe Institute of Islamic Information and Education<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/akhtar-hameed-khan.8m.com\/\">In Memory of Dr. Akhtar Hameed Khan<\/a><br \/>\n&#8220;Dr. Akhtar Hameed Khan: A Social Scientist. Millions benefited from his Orangi Pilot Project and Comilla Rural Academy. Michigan State University awarded Honorary Doctorate. Recipient of Hilal-e-Pakistan, Sitra-i-Pakistan, Magsaysay Award..&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.hammoude.com\/\">International Muslimah Artist Net<\/a><br \/>\nAn International Organization Created By and For Muslim Women Artists<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/iias.leidenuniv.nl\/\">International Institute of Islamic Thought<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.secularislam.org\/\">International Society for Islamic Secularization<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.islam101.com\/\"><strong>Islam 101<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\n&#8220;&#8230;is an educational site on Islam, its way of life, civilization and culture. It includes an\u00a0 introductory course on Islam and presents Islamic views on\u00a0 contemporary issues. The\u00a0 section on comparative religious studies has articles on the commonality and differences between Islam and other religions.&#8221;<br \/>\nThe Sabr Foundation<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.icofa.com\/\">Islamic Center of America<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.al-islam.org\/gallery\/index.htm\">The Islamic Gallery<\/a><br \/>\nSights &#8216;n&#8217; Sounds of Islam<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/umcc.ais.org\/~islam\/\"><strong>Islamic Interlink<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\nThe Directory of Islam on the Internet<br \/>\nSections include: Belief &amp; Practice ; The Qur&#8217;an ; The Prophet ; Muslim World ; Islam and &#8230; ; Understanding Islam ; Organizations ; Islamic History ; Muslim Authors ; Muslims &amp; Media ; Comparative Religions ; Internet Resources.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.mtoshahmaghsoudi.com\/\">M.T.O. Shahmaghsoudi (School of Islamic Sufism)<\/a><br \/>\nA nonprofit religious and educational organization.<br \/>\nTopics include About Sufism, History, Principles, Genealogy, Sufi Master, Teachings, Publications, Activities, Centers.<br \/>\nA beautiful site.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/moonsighting.com\/\">Moonsighting with Astronomy<\/a><br \/>\nOn Moon-sighting, Islamic Calendar, Prayer Schedule, and Qibla Direction.<br \/>\nMaintained by Khalid Shaukat<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.erols.com\/zenithco\/\">Muslim Scientists, Mathematicians and Astronomers<\/a><br \/>\nBefore European Renaissance, 700-1500 C.E.<br \/>\nBy A. Zahoor<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/muhammad.net\/\"><strong>Prophet Muhammad<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\nBiography, Mission and the Message of Muhammad &#8211; the Prophet of Islam<br \/>\nThe Sabr Foundation<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/hyperion.advanced.org\/16661\/\">Totally Tessellated<\/a><br \/>\n&#8220;Included is an extensive historical gallery which draws images from many sources. Mathematics-oriented, user-friendly tutorials filled with helpful illustrations and animations help users understand and create tessellations.&#8221;<br \/>\nIncludes a large selection of Islamic patterns.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.geocities.com\/Athens\/Agora\/4229\/contents.html\"><strong>Who is Our Savior?<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\nBy Mohamed Ghounem &amp; Abdur Rahman<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.usc.edu\/dept\/MSA\/humanrelations\/womeninislam\/\"><strong>Women in Islam<\/strong><br \/>\n<\/a>From the Islamic Center of Southern California<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.usc.edu\/dept\/MSA\/humanrelations\/womeninislam\/womeninsociety.html\">Women in Islamic Society<br \/>\n<\/a>By Prof. Abdur Rahman I. Doi Professor and Director, Center for Islamic Legal Studies, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaira, Nigeria.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.usc.edu\/dept\/MSA\/humanrelations\/womeninislam\/womenquransunnah.html\"><strong>Women in the Quran and the Sunnah<\/strong><br \/>\n<\/a>By Prof. Abdur Rahman I. Doi Professor and Director, Center for Islamic Legal Studies, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaira, Nigeria.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.connect.ab.ca\/~lfahlman\/wcomwf.htm\"><strong>World Council of Muslim Women Foundation<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>SACRED TEXTS<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sacred-texts.com\/isl\/index.htm\">http:\/\/www.sacred-texts.com\/isl\/index.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wings.buffalo.edu\/sa\/muslim\/isl\/texts.html\">http:\/\/wings.buffalo.edu\/sa\/muslim\/isl\/texts.html<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Links and Sites<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>Contributors:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0<strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Md a alam ( 2001)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<em>\u00a9 Copyright Philip A. Pecorino 2001. All Rights reserved.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Web Surfer&#8217;s Caveat: These are class notes, intended to comment on readings and amplify class discussion. They should be read as such. They are not intended for publication or general distribution.<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-148\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Specific attribution<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li><strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Philip A. Pecorino. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.qcc.cuny.edu\/socialsciences\/ppecorino\/phil_of_religion_text\/CHAPTER_2_RELIGIONS\/Islam.htm\">http:\/\/www.qcc.cuny.edu\/socialsciences\/ppecorino\/phil_of_religion_text\/CHAPTER_2_RELIGIONS\/Islam.htm<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-ND: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives <\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":16125,"menu_order":10,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc-attribution\",\"description\":\"\",\"author\":\"Philip A. 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