{"id":389,"date":"2017-10-23T20:21:30","date_gmt":"2017-10-23T20:21:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/sunynutrition\/?post_type=chapter&p=389"},"modified":"2017-11-13T18:51:43","modified_gmt":"2017-11-13T18:51:43","slug":"4-31-passive-uptaketransport","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-herkimer-nutritionflex\/chapter\/4-31-passive-uptaketransport\/","title":{"raw":"4.31 Passive Uptake\/Transport","rendered":"4.31 Passive Uptake\/Transport"},"content":{"raw":"
\r\n\r\nThere are three forms of passive uptake\/transport:\r\n\r\n1. Simple Diffusion\r\n\r\n2. Osmosis\r\n\r\n3. Facilitated Diffusion\r\n\r\nBelow is more information of each type of uptake\/transport.\r\n\r\n1. Simple Diffusion<\/b>\r\n\r\nSimple diffusion is the movement of solutes from an area of higher concentration (with the concentration gradient) to an area of lower concentration without the help of a protein, as shown below.\r\n
\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"963\"]\"\" Figure 4.311 Simple diffusion[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n2. Osmosis<\/b>\r\n\r\nOsmosis is similar to simple diffusion, but water moves instead of solutes. In osmosis water molecules move from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration of solute as shown below. The effect of this movement is to dilute the area of higher concentration.\r\n
\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"967\"]\"\" Figure 4.311 Simple diffusion[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nThe following videos do a nice job of illustrating osmosis.\r\n<\/colgroup>\r\n\r\n\r\n
Web Links<\/b>\r\n\r\nVideo: Osmosis (0:47)<\/u><\/a>\r\n\r\nVideo: Osmosis in the Kitchen (0:58)<\/u><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nAnother example illustrating osmosis is the red blood cells in different solutions shown below.\r\n
\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"553\"]\"\" Figure 4.313 Effect of salt solution concentration on red blood cells1<\/sup>[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nWe will consider the simple example of salt as the solute. If the solution is hypertonic, that means that there is a greater concentration of salt outside (extracellular) the red blood cells than within them (intracellular). Water will then move out of the red blood cells to the area of higher salt concentration, resulting in the shriveled red blood cells depicted. Isotonic means that there is no difference between concentrations. There is an equal exchange of water between intracellular and extracellular fluids. Thus, the cells are normal, functioning red blood cells. A hypotonic solution contains a lower extracellular concentration of salt than the red blood cell intracellular fluid. As a result, water enters the red blood cells, possibly causing them to burst.\r\n\r\n3. Facilitated Diffusion<\/b>\r\n\r\nThe last form of passive absorption is similar to diffusion in that it follows the concentration gradient (higher concentration to lower concentration). However, it requires a carrier protein to transport the solute across the membrane. The following figure and video do a nice job of illustrating facilitated diffusion.\r\n
\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"581\"]\"\" Figure 4.314 Facilitated diffusion examples2<\/sup>[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/colgroup>\r\n\r\n\r\n
Web Link<\/b>\r\n\r\nVideo: Facilitated Diffusion (0:27)<\/u><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nReferences & Links<\/b>\r\n\r\n1. http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Osmotic_pressure_on_blood_cells_diagram.svg\r\n\r\n2.https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Facilitated_diffusion#\/media\/File:Scheme_facilitated_diffusion_in_cell_membrane-en.svg\r\n\r\nVideos<\/b>\r\n\r\nOsmosis - http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=sdiJtDRJQEc\r\n\r\nOsmosis in the Kitchen - http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=H6N1IiJTmnc&NR=1&feature=fvwp\r\n\r\nFacilitated Diffusion - http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=s0p1ztrbXPY\r\n\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"
\n

There are three forms of passive uptake\/transport:<\/p>\n

1. Simple Diffusion<\/p>\n

2. Osmosis<\/p>\n

3. Facilitated Diffusion<\/p>\n

Below is more information of each type of uptake\/transport.<\/p>\n

1. Simple Diffusion<\/b><\/p>\n

Simple diffusion is the movement of solutes from an area of higher concentration (with the concentration gradient) to an area of lower concentration without the help of a protein, as shown below.<\/p>\n

\n
\"\"<\/p>\n

Figure 4.311 Simple diffusion<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

2. Osmosis<\/b><\/p>\n

Osmosis is similar to simple diffusion, but water moves instead of solutes. In osmosis water molecules move from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration of solute as shown below. The effect of this movement is to dilute the area of higher concentration.<\/p>\n

\n
\"\"<\/p>\n

Figure 4.311 Simple diffusion<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

The following videos do a nice job of illustrating osmosis.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n
Web Links<\/b><\/p>\n

Video: Osmosis (0:47)<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n

Video: Osmosis in the Kitchen (0:58)<\/u><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Another example illustrating osmosis is the red blood cells in different solutions shown below.<\/p>\n

\n
\"\"<\/p>\n

Figure 4.313 Effect of salt solution concentration on red blood cells1<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

We will consider the simple example of salt as the solute. If the solution is hypertonic, that means that there is a greater concentration of salt outside (extracellular) the red blood cells than within them (intracellular). Water will then move out of the red blood cells to the area of higher salt concentration, resulting in the shriveled red blood cells depicted. Isotonic means that there is no difference between concentrations. There is an equal exchange of water between intracellular and extracellular fluids. Thus, the cells are normal, functioning red blood cells. A hypotonic solution contains a lower extracellular concentration of salt than the red blood cell intracellular fluid. As a result, water enters the red blood cells, possibly causing them to burst.<\/p>\n

3. Facilitated Diffusion<\/b><\/p>\n

The last form of passive absorption is similar to diffusion in that it follows the concentration gradient (higher concentration to lower concentration). However, it requires a carrier protein to transport the solute across the membrane. The following figure and video do a nice job of illustrating facilitated diffusion.<\/p>\n

\n
\"\"<\/p>\n

Figure 4.314 Facilitated diffusion examples2<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n
Web Link<\/b><\/p>\n

Video: Facilitated Diffusion (0:27)<\/u><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

References & Links<\/b><\/p>\n

1. http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Osmotic_pressure_on_blood_cells_diagram.svg<\/p>\n

2.https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Facilitated_diffusion#\/media\/File:Scheme_facilitated_diffusion_in_cell_membrane-en.svg<\/p>\n

Videos<\/b><\/p>\n

Osmosis – http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=sdiJtDRJQEc<\/p>\n

Osmosis in the Kitchen – http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=H6N1IiJTmnc&NR=1&feature=fvwp<\/p>\n

Facilitated Diffusion – http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=s0p1ztrbXPY<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t

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Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t
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